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Displaying items 44,501 to 44,520 of 55,889
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  1. Celia K. Holocaust testimony

    A follow-up, directed videotape testimony of Celia K., whose first testimony was recorded in 1980. Ms. K. notes she had difficulty focusing during her first interview. She recalls reading, and thinking only about food while hidden in the hole; her sister's experiences prior to joining her in hiding; never crying during the war; a suicide attempt in ?o?dz? after the war; seeking psychological help for herself and her son in the United States; believing no therapist understood her; isolation from the community; wishing she were closer to her brothers in Israel; the risks the farmer who hid he...

  2. Loni K. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Loni K., who was born in Essen, Germany, in 1913. Mrs. K. recalls illegally emigrating to Holland in mid-1933; working as a servant and a legal secretary in Amsterdam; German occupation; her mother and sisters' emigration (her father was deported in 1942 and died in Theresienstadt); imposition of antisemitic restrictions; protection from deportation because she worked for the Joodse Raad; transport to Westerbork in mid-1943; transport to Theresienstadt in February 1944; working in a coffin factory; and details of her arrival at Auschwitz in May 1944. She tells of tran...

  3. Elsa and Kurt S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Elsa and Kurt S. Kurt S. was born in Munich, Germany in 1917. He recalls being first in his class, but not matriculating due to anti-Jewish laws; confiscation of the family business; his father's death in 1936; his deportation to Dachau on Kristallnacht; release contingent upon his emigration; Hechalutz arranging his emigration to the Netherlands; working on a farm; and marriage in 1941. Elsa S. was born in Heidelberg in 1921. She recounts her family's move to Ludwigshafen in 1925; expulsion from school; preparing to emigrate to Israel with Hechalutz; meeting her futu...

  4. Hans L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Hans L., who was born in Colmar, Alsace (then Germany, now France) in 1906. He discusses the death of his father shortly after his birth; his childhood in Kassel, Germany and then, from the age of five, in Berlin; and his feelings of Jewish identity within an assimilated family. He recalls the atmosphere in Berlin during World War I; the post-war political instability; and the Nazi rise to power. He speaks of his education as a philosophy student under Martin Heidegger; his pursuit of a medical degree; the anti-Jewish order resulting in his dismissal from his internsh...

  5. Andre? R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Andre? R., a twin, who was born in Lyon, France in 1924, one of four children. Mr. R. recounts his mother was Jewish and his father the child of a Jew and Christian; living in Paris; German occupation; being sent with his twin brother to live with a Christian family in Lyon in 1942; his parents and sisters joining them; his father's arrest in May 1943 for Resistance work (he never saw him again); his Resistance activities; arrest with his family in May 1944; incarceration in Montluc prison; transfer to Drancy in June; deportation in July to Auschwitz/Birkenau; separat...

  6. Nisim A. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Nisim A., who was born in Bitola, Serbia in 1917, one of five children. He recalls his family's poverty; religious observance; cordial relations with the Macedonians; participating in Tehelet Lavan, a leftist Zionist organization; military service in Maribor; joining a hachsharah in 1935 located on farms in Subotica, elsewhere, and in Sušak; attempting illegal emigration to Palestine in 1940 from Vukovar; being stopped in Kladova; traveling to Belgrade, then to Sušak; hearing he was recalled to the military; serving for six months on the Albanian border; moving to Z...

  7. Manek F. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Manek F. who was born in Be?dzin, Poland in 1925. He recalls his family's move to Danzig; friendships with German children; exclusion when they joined the Hitler Youth; his bar mitzvah in the Great Synagogue; moving to ?o?dz?; not being able to attend school since he did not speak Polish; and the outbreak of war. Mr. F. relates their move to Warsaw; his father's smuggling food into the ghetto in partnership with well-connected Germans; his father's round-up in 1941; unsuccessful efforts of his German partner to have him released from transport to Treblinka; the Warsaw...

  8. Bela F. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Bela F., who was born in Radom, Poland in 1924. She recalls her happy, observant childhood; attending Jewish school; being rounded-up in September 1939 while playing; forced labor in Polano?w; joining her family in the Radom ghetto; continued forced labor in Polano?w; obtaining false papers; her father's arrest outside the ghetto; his execution in February 1942; working in a factory outside Radom; her mother's refusal to join her; the ghetto's liquidation (she never saw her mother, sister, and brother again); transfer to Bliz?yn in May 1943; forced labor; beatings; co...

  9. Arnold M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Arnold M., who was born in ?o?dz?, Poland in 1914. In a detailed, vivid, and insightful testimony, he describes his family background; completing medical studies in Rouen and Toulouse; returning to Poland; German invasion; traveling to Warsaw; working in a hospital; returning to ?o?dz?; working in the Jewish infirmary; ghettoization; limited contact with Germans; corresponding with his father in the Warsaw ghetto; deportations; arrest by Jewish police for helping Bund demonstrators; working in a hospital; visiting the ghetto's Romani section; his agony over being forc...

  10. Miriam W. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Miriam W., who was born in approximately 1929 and lived in L?viv, Poland. She recalls antisemitic harassment; Soviet occupation in 1939; German invasion; anti-Jewish violence and restrictions; hiding during round-ups; being found; her mother urging her to run; escaping; finding her older sister, who did not look Jewish; her sister arranging their trip to Warsaw, posing as non-Jews; a friend finding her a servant's job; leaving, fearing denouncement; her friend finding her another job; frequently traveling to her employer's mother in Otwock; her employer briefly hiding...

  11. Moses S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Moses S., who was born in 1912 in Stare Sambor, a small town, and grew up there and in nearby Sambor, Poland (now Ukraine). He describes his difficult youth; his move to Borislav; his marriage in 1938; German occupation, Soviet occupation, and German re-occupation in 1941, when he was taken to Russia; his escape to his home town; and his return to Borislav, where he rejoined his wife and young daughter. He relates the ghettoization of Borislav; the round-up of Jews, which he escaped but his wife and child did not; living in a bunker in the forest and working by day in...

  12. Frank N. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Frank N., who was born in Budapest, Hungary in 1927. He recalls his close, extended family; antisemitic incidents in public school; transfer to a Jewish school; German occupation in March 1944; forced relocation with his parents to an overcrowded, yellow-star house; the contrast between the reality of the ghetto and poetry readings in the house; working as a messenger for the Jewish council, then for the Swiss embassy until the Arrow Cross takeover on October 15, 1944; being caught in a round-up with his father and sentenced for execution by La?szlo? Ferenczy as a Swi...

  13. Italo S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Italo S., who was born in Gallarate, Italy in 1922. He recounts his family's deep roots in Pitigliano (he had his bar mitzvah there); complete absence of antisemitism prior to 1938; anti-Jewish laws resulting in his expulsion from school; attending a Jewish high school in Milan; studying with Nathan Cassuto; attending a Jewish community-organized university in 1941; draft into labor service in October 1942; being sent to a farm; a manager allowing him to return to school in Milan (he commuted from Gallarate); Allied bombing of Milan; being warned by non-Jews to leave ...

  14. Chaim L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Chaim L., who was born in Szreńsk, Poland in 1923, one of six children. He recounts moving to Mława when he was about four; his family's poverty; their move to Iłowo; antisemitic harassment at public school; his mother visiting her family in Szreńsk with the four younger children; German invasion in September 1939; joining his mother and siblings with his brother and father; his father's return to Iłowo with his younger brother to retrieve belongings; his father's murder by Germans en route; anti-Jewish restrictions; round-up for forced labor in Ciechanów; returnin...

  15. Pola D., Re?gine D., and Fany G. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of sisters, Pola D., Regine D., and Fany (Fela) G., who were born in Kozienice, Poland, in 1924, 1925, and 1926, respectively, to an orthodox family of five children. They recall growing up in Pionki; attending Polish schools; their older sister's wedding in about 1935; German invasion; briefly fleeing to Kozience and a nearby village during bombings; ghettoization; forced labor; Pola's marriage to Chai?m D.; liquidation of the ghetto in summer 1942; deportation of their mother, older sister, and her child (they did not return); slave labor in Pionki concentration camp; ...

  16. Anne S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Anne S., who was born in Stuttgart, Germany in 1922. She recalls a happy childhood until her mother's death in 1930; her father's remarriage; joy when her half-sister was born in 1932; excitement when Hitler visited Stuttgart; disappointment with her friends when she was banned from joining the Hitler youth; hiring an older maid due to the Nuremberg laws; her false accusations against her father; a non-Jewish neighbor testifying in his behalf, which saved his life; his sense of security due to his service in World War I and strong German identity; his death in 1937; e...

  17. Hela U. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Hela U., who was born in ?o?dz?, Poland in 1925. She recalls her Orthodox family; German invasion in September 1939; two older brothers' Polish military service for six weeks; fleeing briefly to G?o?wno; returning to ?o?dz?; ghettoization; forced labor; one brother's death from a beating in June 1941; her father and second brother dying in January 1942; trying to keep her mother alive despite her resignation; her death in June 1942; living for her younger brother; hiding him prior to a selection (he was only eleven); assistance from a ghetto policeman; her brother nur...

  18. Claire F. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Claire F., who was born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia in 1926. She recalls attending German school; antisemitic measures in 1939, including expulsion from school; joining Hashomer Hatzair; expulsion from their home, then Bratislava; relocation to S?as?ti?n; round-up with her parents, sister, and grandmother in June 1942; transport to Z?ilina; deportation to Auschwitz; separation from her family (she never saw them again); transfer to Birkenau; assignment to the administration which resulted in privileged treatment; her work completing death certificates; learning abou...

  19. Fiszel G. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Fiszel G., who was born in Warsaw, Poland in 1918. He recalls starting work at age ten; German invasion; fleeing with his brother to Bia?ystok; returning home; ghettoization; forced labor; deportations, including his parents and three sisters; constructing a bunker; obtaining weapons; the ghetto uprising; capture and deportation to Majdanek with his brother; separation from his brother (he never saw him again); public hangings; transfer to Auschwitz/Birkenau, then to Jaworzno; slave labor in a mine; obtaining extra food and sharing it with other prisoners; the death m...

  20. Jacob R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Jacob R., who was born in L?vov, Poland in 1929. He recalls his large, extended family; German invasion of Poland in 1939; Soviet occupation; attending school; the German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941; being sent, with his older sister, on a train to Kiev in the care of a Jewish family (he never saw his parents again); Soviet soldiers removing men and boys from the train; being left with only the boys when all the men of draft age were taken by the Soviet army; receiving food from local people; finding his sister in Kiev; fleeing to Dnipropetrovsk? two weeks...