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Displaying items 44,261 to 44,280 of 55,889
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  1. Anne M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Anne M., who was born in Lida, Poland (presently Belarus) in 1929, one of three children. She recounts her father's draft into the Polish army; Soviet occupation; her father's return; German invasion in 1941; ghettoization; her father working in a brewery; the German director allowing the family to live on the brewery premises; hiding during a round-up with assistance from the director; learning most of the town's Jews were murdered in a mass shooting including many relatives; a surviving cousin joining them; hiding, then escaping another round-up a year later; joinin...

  2. Abraham K. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Abraham K., who was born in Goworowo, Poland in 1933. He recalls German invasion; fires and shooting; his father arranging for them (his sister, mother, aunt, uncle, two cousins and three grandparents) to flee to Soviet-occupied Bia?ystok; deportation to Siberia by the Soviets; his mother's death (his grandparents and one cousin also eventually died); placement in an orphanage with his sister; his uncle and father serving in the military; separation from his sister for two years; retrieval by his uncle after the war; being smuggled to Germany; and emigration to the Un...

  3. Etta S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Etta S. who was born in Miskolc, Hungary in 1921. She recalls her father's work for the Jewish community; his scholarliness and extensive library; attending a private Jewish school; apprenticing at a fashion salon in Miskolc, then Budapest, and at the same time, attending a private city college and Jewish student organized classes (MIEFHOE); German invasion in March 1944; a death march to Innsbruck, then train transfer to Ravensbrück; the humiliation of having her head shaved; a veteran prisoner advising her; slave labor in a Siemens factory; losing her faith in God;...

  4. Golda S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Golda S., who was born in Sokal?, Poland (presently Ukraine) in 1922, one of eight children. She recounts a weaving apprenticeship in L?viv; increased antisemitism in the mid 1930s; Soviet occupation of Sokal? in 1939; German invasion in 1941; anti-Jewish violence and restrictions; ghettoization; escaping from a deportation train; returning home; being hidden in a monastery; leaving when her life was in danger; encountering a woman on a train who offered her a job in Krako?w; discovery and incarceration in P?aszo?w; escaping four weeks later; obtaining false papers; w...

  5. Alice G. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Alice G., who was born in Pres?ov, Czechoslovakia, in 1924. Mrs. G. describes her youthful patriotism; her happy childhood; resistance of her teachers and parents to her desire for education; her frustrated and insecure mother; being her father's favorite child and his contribution to her "loving and non-ambivalent" religious outlook; and falling in love while in summer camp in 1938. She recalls her mother's decision, following Munich, to emigrate to the United States; antisemitic acts of the Slovaks; the family's purchase of U.S. visas; their train journey via Berlin...

  6. Rudolf I. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Rudolf I., a Romani, who was born in Čičmany, Czechoslovakia in 1922. He describes his father's service in World War I; being raised by his grandparents; attending elementary school; working in Opava, then Bratislava; arrest at a Romani wedding; forced labor in Dubnica for eight months; release; hiding in the mountains at the end of the war; moving to Ostrava in 1945, then to Prague; and settling in Most in 1947. Mr. I. discusses his brother's military service and death as a partisan; his own family of ten children; and his successful business.

  7. Edith T. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Edith T., who was born in Vienna, Austria in 1927, the older of two sisters. She recounts her middle class, assimilated family; attending public school; increasing antisemitism; Austrians welcoming the Germans during the Anschluss; anti-Jewish restrictions and harassment; expulsion from school; her father's friend, who had joined the Nazi party, warning them to leave; traveling with her parents and sister to Aachen; her parents obtaining false papers for her and her sister, then leaving them on a train to enter Belgium; her parents joining them at a farmhouse, having ...

  8. Francine E. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Francine E., who was born in Czechoslovakia, in 1929, one of five children. She recalls living in Satu Mare; tones of antisemitism; having to wear the yellow star and expulsion from school in spring 1944; ghettoization; her father obtaining Christian papers for her and her sister and instructing them to go to Budapest; living with family friends; their friend's entry into a Swedish safe house; being refused entry because they had Christian papers; living in hotels; attending church; her sister's employer and his wife offering assistance after learning they were Jewish...

  9. Leo M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Leo M., who was born in Grodzisk, Poland in 1911. He recounts pervasive antisemitism; apprenticing to a tailor at age thirteen; marriage in 1937; emigrating to Paris; his son's birth in 1938; volunteering for French military service in September 1939; German invasion; action at Alsace and Verdun; being wounded; hospitalization in Perpignan; returning to Paris; internment in spring 1941 as a non-citizen Jew; visits from his wife and son; release in fall 1942; hiding with his wife and son, with assistance from a French family, during the round-up in July 1942; the Frenc...

  10. Zoly Z. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Zoly Z., who was born in S?ieu Ma?gherus?, Romania in 1922. He recounts his father's death when he was four; he and his brother living with his future stepfather's mother in Aiud; their move to Bucharest in 1932 to join his mother and stepfather; increasing antisemitism as the Iron Guard gained power; his stepfather's emigration to Palestine in 1938; obtaining papers as a "volksdeutche" from a German lieutenant (who believed he was); socializing with the lieutenant; friendship with a policeman; threatened exposure as a Jew; obtaining a passport from the policeman; alt...

  11. Yasha'ayahu F. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Yasha'ayahu F., who was born in Białystok, Poland in 1927, the second of three children. He recalls his family's affluence; relatives moving to Palestine; attending a Zionist school; his father hiring guards to protect their business from Endecjas; German occupation in September 1939, followed by Soviet occupation; confiscation of the family business; German invasion in June 1941; a round-up that included his father (they never saw him again); ghettoization; smuggling food with friends; hiding during round-ups; non-Jewish friends helping him obtain extra food; separat...

  12. Christine C. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Christine C., who was born in Warsaw, Poland in 1940. She recounts escaping with her mother from the ghetto in 1942; living in a village using false papers; her mother receiving warnings from a German soldier and a Polish nobleman prior to German searches; living with a very kind family in another village; her mother's return to Warsaw after the war; reluctance to join her mother due to fondness for their rescuers; her mother's remarriage; fondness for her new father and finally feeling like she had a family; learning she was Jewish at age seven (she was raised as a C...

  13. Justin R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Justin R., who was born in 1929 in Horstein, Germany, the older of two brothers. He recounts his family's orthodoxy; their affluence; attending a Jewish school; a neighbor shooting their dog when the Nazis came to power; vandalism against Jewish property and beatings of Jews; confiscation of his father's store; his father's beating by a man he knew, resulting in his decision to emigrate; he and his brother being sent to a Jewish boarding school; threats by SS to shoot all the children in the school on Kristallnacht; his parents retrieving him and his brother; living i...

  14. Raymond W. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Raymond W., a non-Jew, who was born in Brussels, Belgium in 1923. He recounts participating in a Communist youth group; his family housing refugees from Germany; disrupting Rexist meetings; German invasion; being wounded in an air raid in Boulogne en route to enlist; hanging anti-German posters in the streets; returning to Brussels; joining the resistance; helping to sabotage production and organize strikes; hiding belongings of Jewish deportees to prevent appropriation by Germans; warning Jews to go into hiding; his mother compelling him to volunteer to work in Germa...

  15. Ilse W. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Ilse W., who was born in Berlin, Germany in 1915. She recounts her father's service in World War I; her parents' prosperous businesses; celebrating Jewish holidays with her large and close extended family; destruction of their synagogue on Kristallnacht; arrest and immediate release; her brother's emigration to Palestine and her sister's to England in 1939; obtaining visas for Shanghai; traveling to Genoa to board a ship; being prevented from leaving by the outbreak of war; marriage; internment with her mother in San Fele and Potenza (men were interned elsewhere); her...

  16. Coenraad R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Coenraad R., who was born in Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1917, one of six children. He recalls being the only Jew in his public school; training as a tailor; military draft in 1939; German invasion in 1940; his father's death; marriage in September; organizing resistance through his socialist youth group; forced labor in 1942; transfer to Westerbork; deportation to Cosel (his wife, mother, and sister had already been deported), then Gleiwitz; staying with Dutch prisoners (there were conflicts with Poles); a higher death rate for the Dutch; remaining with one neighborhoo...

  17. Renate R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Renate R., who was born in Berlin in 1923. Mrs. R. describes her family background; life in Germany; and their move to Yugoslavia in 1933; her father's illness and death in 1940; the German invasion of Yugoslavia in 1941; and the forced move with her mother and brother to a Jewish section. She describes living with a Yugoslav family and her mother's imprisonment by the Gestapo. Mrs. R. recounts working for the partisans; having to leave the Yugoslav family due to fear of betrayal; thinking of suicide; and being aided by the mother of a school friend who helped arrange...

  18. Samuel D. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Samuel D., who was born in Warsaw, Poland in 1928. He recounts attending Polish and Jewish schools; German invasion; excitement due to his childish perspective; gradually increasing anti-Jewish restrictions; ghettoization; starvation; his father's escape to his childhood village; his father sending a Pole to bring him, his sister, and mother to the village near Magnuszew in spring 1942; incarceration with his father in Jedlin?sk; Russian POWs joining German forces; realizing the arbitrary cruelty after his first beating; his father protecting him; their transfer after...

  19. Louis M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Louis M., who was born in approximately 1925. He recounts living in Bucharest; his family's poverty and orthodoxy; abandonment by his father; living with his grandmother; attending Jewish and public schools; antisemitic harassment; his brother fleeing to Soviet-occupied territory; a tailor's apprenticeship in Budapest; German invasion in March 1944; draft into a Hungarian slave labor battalion; railroad work in various locations; escaping with others in December; liberation by Soviet troops; compulsory labor for the Soviets; escaping; returning to Bucharest via Yugosl...

  20. Jakub R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Jakub R., who was born in 1926 in ?o?dz?, Poland. He describes his father's active participation in the Bund; good personal relations with Germans and Poles despite public, antisemitic incidents; German invasion in September 1939; synagogue burnings and round-ups; formation of the Judenrat headed by Mordecai Rumkowski; ghettoization in spring 1940; belonging to a group which tried to sabotage work done for Germans; his father's death; relationships between national groups; hiding during round-ups; deportation with his family to Birkenau as part of a Siemens factory; s...