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Displaying items 2,261 to 2,280 of 3,433
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  1. Tefillin pair and embroidered pouch brought with a German Jewish refugee

    1. Richard Pfifferling and Ruth Pfifferling Knox family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn2965
    • English
    • a: Height: 7.875 inches (20.003 cm) | Width: 7.250 inches (18.415 cm) b: Height: 2.375 inches (6.032 cm) | Width: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Depth: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) c: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Width: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Depth: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)

    Set of tefillin and embroided storage pouch brought with Richard Pfifferling when he left Dresden, Germany, for New York in September 1939. Richard received the tefillin, pouch, and other religious items as a gift for his bar mitzvah circa 1927. In 1933, the Nazi regime came to power and enacted laws that persecuted Jews. Richard and his brothers, Otto and Ernst, fled Germany but their parents, Alexander and Auguste, were unable to leave. Richard later served in the US Army during the war. Richard’s parents were deported to Riga, Latvia, in December 1941, and killed in Auschwitz in August 1...

  2. White wool tallit with black stripes brought with a German Jewish refugee

    1. Richard Pfifferling and Ruth Pfifferling Knox family collection

    White wool tallit with black stripes brought with Richard Pfifferling when he left from Dresden, Germany, for New York in September 1939. Richard received the tallit, or prayer shawl, and other religious items as a gift for his bar mitzvah circa 1927. In 1933, the Nazi regime came to power and enacted laws that persecuted Jews. Richard and his brothers, Otto and Ernst, fled Germany but their parents, Alexander and Auguste, were unable to leave. Richard later served in the US Army during the war. Richard’s parents were deported to Riga, Latvia, in December 1941, and killed in Auschwitz in Au...

  3. White silk tallit with black stripes brought with a German Jewish refugee

    1. Richard Pfifferling and Ruth Pfifferling Knox family collection

    White silk tallit with black stripes brought with Richard Pfifferling when he left Dresden, Germany, for New York in September 1939. Richard received the tallit, or prayer shawl, and other religious items as a gift for his bar mitzvah circa 1927. In 1933, the Nazi regime came to power and enacted laws that persecuted Jews. Richard and his brothers, Otto and Ernst, fled Germany but their parents, Alexander and Auguste, were unable to leave. Richard later served in the US Army during the war. Richard’s parents were deported to Riga, Latvia, in December 1941, and killed in Auschwitz in August ...

  4. Embroidered priest's stole owned by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Richard Pfifferling and Ruth Pfifferling Knox family collection

    Catholic priest's vestment with French style spade ends owned by Richard Pfifferling. Richard was Jewish and how and when he acquired the stole is not known. In 1933, the Nazi regime came to power and enacted laws that persecuted Jews. Richard and his brothers, Otto and Ernst, fled Dresden, Germany; his brothers to England and Argentina and Richard, in September 1939, to the United States. Their parents, Alexander and Auguste, were unable to leave. Richard later served in the US Army during the war. Richard’s parents were deported to Riga, Latvia, in December 1941, and killed in Auschwitz i...

  5. Monogrammed tallit pouch brought with a German Jewish refugee

    1. Richard Pfifferling and Ruth Pfifferling Knox family collection

    Monogrammed tallit pouch brought with Richard Pfifferling when he left Dresden, Germany, for New York in September 1939. Richard received the pouch and other religious items as a gift for his bar mitzvah circa 1927. In 1933, the Nazi regime came to power and enacted laws that persecuted Jews. Richard and his brothers, Otto and Ernst, fled Germany but their parents, Alexander and Auguste, were unable to leave. Richard later served in the US Army during the war. Richard’s parents were deported to Riga, Latvia, in December 1941, and killed in Auschwitz in August 1942. In 1944, he married Ruth ...

  6. WWI Military Merit Cross 3rd Class with Swords and fitted box awarded to a German Jewish veteran

    1. Maier Firnbacher family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn43004
    • English
    • a: Height: 2.375 inches (6.032 cm) | Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) b: Height: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Width: 2.375 inches (6.032 cm) | Depth: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm) c: Height: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Width: 2.375 inches (6.032 cm) | Depth: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm)

    Military Merit Cross 3rd Class with Swords and fitted case of issue awarded to Maier Firnbacher in 1916 for bravery while serving in the German Army during World War I. Maier was a cattle trader in Straubing, Germany, when Hitler came to power in 1933. Jews were forbidden to practice certain professions and, in 1936, Maier's trading license was revoked. In 1938, he was forced to sell his farmland at a loss to a non-Jew. He got immigration visas for the United States for himself, his wife, Ida, and their 8 year old son, Manfred, then was arrested during Kristallnacht on November 10. He was r...

  7. WWI Iron Cross medal awarded to a German Jewish veteran

    1. Maier Firnbacher family collection

    Iron Cross awarded to Maier Firnbacher for bravery while serving in the German Army during World War I; it was issued in 1934. Maier was a cattle trader in Straubing, Germany, when Hitler came to power in 1933. Jews were forbidden to practice certain professions and in 1936, Maier's trading license was revoked. In 1938, he was forced to sell his farmland at a loss to a non-Jew. He got immigration visas for the United States for himself, his wife, Ida, and their 8 year old son, Manfred, but was arrested during Kristallnacht on November 10. He was released after three weeks in Dachau concentr...

  8. Schriftgutverwaltung

    1. Staatliche und parteiamtliche Akten bis 1945
    2. Deutsches Reich (bis 1945)
    3. Polizei und SS
    4. Persönlicher Stab

    I. Reichsführer-SS (RFSS)/ Persönlicher Stab: Seyß-Inquart 1938-1944: Korrespondenz mit Himmler, Brandt, Berger, Kaltenbrunner, Bürckel; Persönliche Adressen Seyß-Inquart an Himmler, Reden und Lagebeurteilungen, Differenzen Seyß-Inquart und Bürckel, Ernennungen und Ordensverleihungen (EAP 161-b-12/64, Originalakte Nr. 274), 0984-1190, unter anderem: 1) Korrespondenz Seyß-Inquart, Brandt, Berger von März-April 1943: Beurteilung des Heft 2 der "Zeitgeschichte" von Meinhart Sild, 1004-1010; 2) Seyß-Inquart an RFSS, 19. Januar 1943: Gedanken über die militärische Lage; Niederwerfung Nordafrikas...

  9. RSHA

    1. Staatliche und parteiamtliche Akten bis 1945
    2. Deutsches Reich (bis 1945)
    3. Polizei und SS
    4. Reichssicherheitshauptamt

    I. RSHA/ IV E 6: Sammlung von Runderlassen der CdS, RSHA/ IV u.a. 1935-1943, (EAP 173-b-16-12/125), 8232-8814: 1) Rundschreiben Reichs- und Preußischer Minister des Innern an Oberste Reichsbehörden und Preußischen Ministerpräsidenten vom 08. April 1939: Geltung deutschen Rechts in Österreich, 8246-8450; 2) Runderlass RFSS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei/ SI A1 (Streckenbach) vom 05. Juli 1941: Forderung nach vorbildlichem Privatleben der Beamten, 8271; 3) Runderlass RSHA/ IV (Müller) vom 18. Mai 1943: Unterbindung jeder Korrespondenz zwischen deutscher Kriegsgefangener in der UdSSR und ihren...

  10. Brown burlap covered trunk used postwar by a young German Jewish refugee

    1. Dorit Isaacsohn family collection

    Brown burlap covered plywood trunk used by 16 year old Dorit Isaacsohn and her mother Gertrud during their November 1949 emigration from Berlin, Germany, to the United States. By the late 1930’s, Dorit’s parents had lost their livelihood because of the anti-Semitic policies of the Nazi regime. Dorit, age 6, was sent to Brussels on a Kindertransport in 1939. Germany invaded Belgium in May 1940 and Dorit was returned to her parents in Berlin in 1941. On February 27, 1943, Dorit and her family had to separate to go into hiding. Dorit stayed with a family friend, a cousin, and her father Julius...

  11. The Pope Gives His Blessing to One of the Worst Nazi Murderers Two sided drawing by Leo Haas: Pope Pius XII blessing Himmler; Camp inmates at roll call

    1. Leo Haas collection

    Double-sided drawing created by Leo Haas with a satiric cartoon of Pope Pius XII blessing SS Chief Himmler on one side and a prisoner roll call at Mauthausen concentration camp where he was an inmate in spring 1945 on the other. For another version of this drawing see 2002.490.8. Haas, 38, a Czech Jew and a professional artist, was arrested in 1939 in Ostrava in German occupied Czechoslovakia for being a Communist. He was deported to Nisko labor camp in Poland, then shipped back to Ostrava to do forced labor. In September 1942, he was sent to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp, where he becam...

  12. Wooden keepsake box from a Sinti family

    1. Gabriel Reinhardt and Theresia Winterstein families collection

    Small wooden jewelry box kept by Rita Prigmore and originally owned by her grandmother, Josefine Winterstein. The family was Sinti. They had traveled widely in Western and Central Europe until the Nazi regime restricted Sinti migrations in the 1930s. Rita's parents, Theresia Winterstein and Gabriel Reinhardt, met in 1941 when they both worked at the Stadttheater in Wurzburg, Germany. Persecution of the Roma was escalating. They were no longer allowed to work at the theater. Several members of Theresia's family were forced to agree to sterilization. Theresia and Gabriel decided to have a chi...

  13. Small milk can with lid used by a Sinti family

    1. Gabriel Reinhardt and Theresia Winterstein families collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn517651
    • English
    • 1945-1955
    • a: Height: 8.750 inches (22.225 cm) | Diameter: 4.620 inches (11.735 cm) b: Height: 1.880 inches (4.775 cm) | Diameter: 3.620 inches (9.195 cm)

    Milk can used by Theresia Winterstein Reinhardt and her family when they lived in a Sinti camp in Germany after World War II. The family had traveled widely until the Nazi regime restricted Sinti migrations in the 1930s. Theresia met Gabriel Reinhardt in 1941 when they both worked at the Stadttheater in Wurzburg. Persecution of the Sinti was escalating. They were no longer allowed to work at the theater. Several members of Theresia's family were forced to agree to sterilization. Theresia and Gabriel decided to have a child, and when Theresia was called in for sterilization she was 3 months ...

  14. Lantern and candle used by a Sinti family

    1. Gabriel Reinhardt and Theresia Winterstein families collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn517652
    • English
    • 1945-1955
    • a: Height: 7.750 inches (19.685 cm) | Width: 3.750 inches (9.525 cm) | Depth: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm) b: Height: 2.370 inches (6.02 cm) | Diameter: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm)

    Lantern used by Theresia Winterstein Reinhardt and her family when they lived in a Sinti camp in Germany after World War II. It could be hung on their wagon or carried by hand. The family had traveled widely until the Nazi regime restricted Sinti migrations in the 1930s. Theresia met Gabriel Reinhardt in 1941 when they both worked at the Stadttheater in Wurzburg. Persecution of the Sinti was escalating. They were no longer allowed to work at the theater. Several members of Theresia's family were forced to agree to sterilization. Theresia and Gabriel decided to have a child, and when Theresi...

  15. Small, hand drawn wooden wagon used by a Sinti family

    1. Gabriel Reinhardt and Theresia Winterstein families collection

    Small wagon used by Rita Prigmore when she was a child in Wurzburg, Germany, and after World War II, to cart bricks from the rubble of bombed buildings to help build a new home for the family. The Winterstein family were Sinti. They had traveled widely in Western and Central Europe until the Nazi regime restricted Sinti migrations in the 1930s. Rita's parents, Theresia Winterstein and Gabriel Reinhardt, met in 1941 when they both worked at the Stadttheater in Wurzburg. Persecution of the Sinti was escalating. They were no longer allowed to work at the theater. Several members of Theresia's ...

  16. Tarp used to make a tent around a Sinti wagon

    1. Gabriel Reinhardt and Theresia Winterstein families collection

    A section of a tarp kept by Rita Prigmore and originally used as a skirt around her family's wagon when she was a child in Wurzburg, Germany, after World War II. The tarp made a shelter under the wagon for the children. The Winterstein family were Sinti. They had traveled widely in Western and Central Europe until the Nazi regime restricted Sinti migrations in the 1930s. Rita's parents, Theresia Winterstein and Gabriel Reinhardt, met in 1941 when they both worked at the Stadttheater in Wurzburg. Persecution of the Sinti was escalating. They were no longer allowed to work at the theater. Sev...

  17. Small hooked rug used in the wagon of a Sinti family

    1. Gabriel Reinhardt and Theresia Winterstein families collection

    Small patterned hooked rug used as a shoe mat in the wagon of Rita Prigmore and her family when she was a child in Wurzberg, Germany, after World War II. The Winterstein family had traveled widely in Western and Central Europe until the Nazi regime restricted Sinti migrations in the 1930s. Rita's parents, Theresia Winterstein and Gabriel Reinhardt, met in 1941 when they both worked at the Stadttheater in Wurzburg. Persecution of the Sinti was escalating. They were no longer allowed to work at the theater. Several members of Theresia's family were forced to agree to sterilization. Theresia a...

  18. Handmade woven wicker basket made by a Sinti family

    1. Gabriel Reinhardt and Theresia Winterstein families collection

    Wicker basket owned by Rita Prigmore and made by her grandfather, Johann Winterstein, a basket weaver by trade. The family were Sinti. They had traveled widely in Western and Central Europe until the Nazi regime restricted Sinti migration in the 1930s. Rita's parents, Theresia Winterstein and Gabriel Reinhardt, met in 1941 when they both worked at the Stadttheater in Wurzburg. Persecution of the Sinti was escalating. They were no longer allowed to work at the theater. Several members of Theresia's family were forced to agree to sterilization. Theresia and Gabriel decided to have a child, an...

  19. Continental typewriter with a green wooden cover used by Martin Niemoeller

    1. Martin Niemoeller collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn522540
    • English
    • a: Height: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) | Width: 12.200 inches (30.988 cm) | Depth: 12.250 inches (31.115 cm) b: Height: 6.625 inches (16.827 cm) | Width: 13.625 inches (34.608 cm) | Depth: 16.500 inches (41.91 cm)

    Continental typewriter with wooden cover used by Pastor Martin Niemoeller to prepare his sermons before and after World War II. When the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, Niemoeller was a Lutheran pastor in Berlin-Dahlem. In September 1933, Niemoeller helped found the Pastor's Emergency League to protest Nazi interference in church affairs and the attacks on Christians of Jewish origin. In May 1934, he helped found a new Protestant church in Germany, the Bekennende Kirche (the Confessing Church) and was barred from preaching by the government. Recognizing that the new government was a dicta...

  20. MFS 1 Ministerium für Staatssicherheit (MfS_HA_IX_11)

    • Bundesarchiv-Stasi-Unterlagen-Archiv Berlin
    • MfS_HA_IX_11
    • German
    • 1946-1989
    • 823 lfm Schriftgut und Karteien im Klassifikationspunkt 5.1.3 „NS-Archiv des MfS“ 3 Filme im Nebenbestand MFS 1-FILM 6 Fotoakten im Nebenbestand MFS 1-BILD 28 Tonträger im Nebenbestand MFS 1-TON

    Zentrale Untersuchungsvorgänge (ZUV), Allgemeine, Berichte (AB), Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit (VgM) und Untertägige Anlagen (UTA) Untersuchungen und Ermittlungen zu von Wehrmacht, Polizei und SS während des II. Weltkriegs verübten Verbrechen u. a. gegen Personen jüdischer Herkunft Sowjetisches Militärtribunal (SMT) und Rehabilitierungsverfahren (RV) Dokumentation der Verfolgung von NS-Straftätern Aktuelle Fragen (AF), Auskunftsersuchen (AK), Messesonderkartei, Personenauskünfte (PA) Dossiers zur NS-Vergangenheit v. a. von Bürgern der DDR und Westdeutschlands sowie Einwohnern von Berl...