Archival Descriptions

Advanced query tips

There are several ways to be more specific in your search query:

"Phrase"
Search an exact match of your query, e.g. "Member lists"
+Phrase
Given word has to be in the result, e.g. +Gestapo
-Phrase
Exclude given word from search, e.g. -Gestapo

Use the following syntax to restrict the search to specific fields:

field:"phrase"
For instance, you can find all descriptions that have the phrase "Auschwitz Birkenau" in their titles by searching for title:"Auschwitz Birkenau".

The following fields are currently available:

  • identifier
  • title
  • creator
  • person
  • place
  • subject
  • address
Displaying items 1,681 to 1,700 of 1,814
Search result ordering
Country: United States

  1. Czechoslovakian commemorative Theresienstadt Memorial postage stamp, 50h, acquired by a former German Jewish inmate

    1. Irene and Henry Frank family collection

    Postage stamp commemorating the 40th anniversary of the Terezin (Theresienstadt) Ghetto Memorial, acquired by Irene Silberstein Frank and Henry Frank, former inmates of Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia. Originally called the National Suffering Memorial, it was established in 1947 by the newly reinstated Czechoslovakian government and was renovated in 1975. The stamp depicts the large, granite, 7-branched menorah in the Jewish cemetery outside the crematorium building, along with flames, the red flowers planted in the 1945 National Cemetery, and barbed wire ...

  2. Czechoslovakian commemorative Theresienstadt Memorial postage stamp, 50h, acquired by a former German Jewish inmate

    1. Irene and Henry Frank family collection

    Postage stamp commemorating the 40th anniversary of the Terezin (Theresienstadt) Ghetto Memorial, acquired by Irene Silberstein Frank and Henry Frank, former inmates of Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia. Originally called the National Suffering Memorial, it was established in 1947 by the newly reinstated Czechoslovakian government and was renovated in 1975. The stamp depicts the large, granite, 7-branched menorah in the Jewish cemetery outside the crematorium building, along with flames, the red flowers planted in the 1945 National Cemetery, and barbed wire ...

  3. Czechoslovakian commemorative Theresienstadt Memorial postage stamp, 50h, acquired by a former German Jewish inmate

    1. Irene and Henry Frank family collection

    Postage stamp commemorating the 40th anniversary of the Terezin (Theresienstadt) Ghetto Memorial, acquired by Irene Silberstein Frank and Henry Frank, former inmates of Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia. Originally called the National Suffering Memorial, it was established in 1947 by the newly reinstated Czechoslovakian government and was renovated in 1975. The stamp depicts the large, granite, 7-branched menorah in the Jewish cemetery outside the crematorium building, along with flames, the red flowers planted in the 1945 National Cemetery, and barbed wire ...

  4. Motke Zaidel and Itzak Dugin

    Motke Zaidel and Itzak Dugin are survivors of Vilna. They tell the story of their extraordinary escape from the Ponari camp, digging a tunnel for months, where the dogs that caught them backed away whimpering because the men smelled of death. The interview took place over two days in the forest of Ben Shemen (an Israeli forest resembling Ponari) and in Mr. Zaidel's apartment in Peta'h Tikva with the family of Zaidel. FILM ID 3782 -- Camera Rolls 2-4 -- Foret Ponari CR2 Lanzmann, Zaidel and Dugin meet in a forest in Israel which resembles the forest of Ponari, next to Vilna. Before the war t...

  5. Double sided caricature of a couple made as a gift for one camp inmate by another

    1. Charles and Hana Bruml family collection

    Two joined drawings, a humorous drawing of Karel Fischer and his wife Anna, and a pencil portrait of Fischer drawn by Leo Haas when they were all prisoners in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp circa 1942- October 1944. It was presented to Fischer on his sixth wedding anniversary, March 20, 1944, by his workers. After the war, Fischer gave the drawing to his nephew and fellow Terezin inmate, Karel Bruml. In March 1939, Prague was annexed by Nazi Germany. Fischer, 49, was ordered to the newly opened camp in late November 1941 to build the railroad spur from Bauschowitz to Terezin. He was in ch...

  6. Eclaireurs Israélites de France shirt and kerchief worn by former hidden Jewish boy

    1. Steven W. Simon collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn35933
    • English
    • 1945
    • a: Height: 25.380 inches (64.465 cm) | Width: 23.000 inches (58.42 cm) b: Height: 28.000 inches (71.12 cm) | Width: 26.880 inches (68.275 cm) c: Height: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm)

    Eclaireurs Israélites de France (Jewish Scouts of France) shirt, neckerchief, and slide fastener worn by Steven Simon when he was a scout in 1945-46. His scoutmaster Simon Barenbaum gave Steven his own neckerchief when Steven needed to recite his scouting pledge of allegiance. Steven and his parents, Arthur and Irma Simon, were Jewish German immigrants living in Paris, France, when it was occupied by Nazi Germany in 1940. They fled to the unoccupied southern region where they survived the war by adopting false identities. Scouting was very important for Steven as it eased his reintegration...

  7. Nahum Goldmann

    Born in the Russian Empire (now Belarus) in 1895, Nahum Goldmann received a law degree and PhD from the University of Heidelberg. He was President of the World Jewish Congress from 1948 to 1977 which he founded with Stephen Wise. He was a Zionist activist but was often critical of Israeli public policy. He was instrumental in creating the Jewish Material Claims Conference. Goldmann wrote an autobiography called "Sixty Years of Jewish Life" in 1969. He died in 1982. In this interview shot in Israel, Lanzmann and Goldmann discuss Stephen Wise, when the Jews realized the reality of the Final S...

  8. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, acquired by Czech refugee

    1. Raul Hilberg collection

    50 (funfzig) mark Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp note given to Raul Hilberg by Frank Petschek, who, with his wife, as well as the extended Petschek family, had to flee Czechoslovakia after its annexation by Nazi Germany in fall 1938. After the war, the confiscation of the Petschek family's vast business and land holdings by the Nazi regime were used for a major case in the War Criminals trials at Nuremberg. Hilberg and his parents fled Vienna, Austria, after its annexation by Germany in March 1938. It was Petschek's generosity that made possible the publication of Hilberg's landmark work,...

  9. Pair of white infant socks used postwar by a former hidden child

    1. Betti Blaugrund collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn49262
    • English
    • a: Height: 4.375 inches (11.113 cm) | Width: 2.625 inches (6.668 cm) b: Height: 4.250 inches (10.795 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm)

    Pair of white baby socks used after the war by Betti Blaugrund to clothe the doll, 2011.424.1, that had belonged to her cousin Aline Klajn. Betti's parents, Cypra and Wolf, and Aline, her parents Idessa and Wigdor, and younger brother Jacques, fled to France when Belgium was occupied by Nazi Germany in May 1940, but returned because of antisemitism. In summer 1942, the Germans acted on their plan to get rid of all the Jews in Belgium. Betti was born on July 16. The families were told to report for forced labor. They suspected that they would be deported and went into hiding. Cypra and Wolf ...

  10. White lace baby bonnet used postwar by a former hidden child

    1. Betti Blaugrund collection

    White cloth and lace baby bonnet used after the war by Betti Blaugrund to clothe the doll, 2011.424.1, that had belonged to her cousin Aline Klajn. Betti's parents, Cypra and Wolf, and Aline, her parents Idessa and Wigdor, and younger brother Jacques, fled to France when Belgium was occupied by Germany in May 1940, but returned because of antisemitism. In summer 1942, the Germans acted on their plan to get rid of all the Jews in Belgium. Betti was born on July 16. The families were told to report for forced labor. They suspected that they would be deported and went into hiding. Cypra and Wo...

  11. Large painted plastic doll owned by a Jewish girl killed in Auschwitz

    1. Betti Blaugrund collection

    Large baby doll owned by Betti Blaugrund that originally belonged to 7 year old Aline Klajn. Aline and her family were deported on October 24, 1942, from Uccle, Belgium, to Auschwitz concentration camp where they were killed. Aline's parents, Idessa and Wigdor, and Idessa's large extended family, came to Belgium from Poland in the 1920s. In May 1940, Belgium was occupied by Nazi Germany. In summer 1942, the Germans acted on their plan to get rid of all the Jews in Belgium. Aline, her parents, and her brother Jacques, 5, were given refuge by Alfred and Clara Duval; several family members hid...

  12. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note, acquired by a female forced laborer

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Scrip valued at 5 kronen, acquired by Ruth Kittel while she and her sister, Hannelore, were living with their Jewish mother, Marie (Maria), and Catholic father, Josef, in Berlin, Germany, during the Holocaust. All currency was confiscated from deportees upon entry to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked-up government mandated Judenstern or Star of David badges from the Office of the Jewish Organization because she, Hannelore, 17, and Maria had to wear one at all ti...

  13. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note acquired by a Jewish Czech woman

    1. Elizabeth Trausel family collection

    Scrip valued at for 20 kronen acquired by Elisabeth (Liese) Trausel who was imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp from fall 1944 until liberation in May 1945. Liese lived in Prague when it was invaded in March 1939, by Germany and made part of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The authorities passed new anti-Jewish regulations that severely restricted Liese’s daily life. In September, Germany invaded neighboring Poland. In September 1941, Liese was required to wear a yellow Star of David badge at all times to identify herself as Jewish. Later that month, Reinhard Heydrich be...

  14. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note acquired by a Jewish Czech woman

    1. Elizabeth Trausel family collection

    Scrip valued at 100 kronen acquired by Elisabeth (Liese) Trausel who was imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp from fall 1944 until liberation in May 1945. Liese lived in Prague when it was invaded in March 1939, by Germany and made part of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The authorities passed new anti-Jewish regulations that severely restricted Liese’s daily life. In September, Germany invaded neighboring Poland. In September 1941, Liese was required to wear a yellow Star of David badge at all times to identify herself as Jewish. Later that month, Reinhard Heydrich becam...

  15. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note acquired by a Jewish Czech woman

    1. Elizabeth Trausel family collection

    Scrip valued at 50 kronen acquired by Elisabeth (Liese) Trausel who was imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp from fall 1944 until liberation in May 1945. Liese lived in Prague when it was invaded in March 1939, by Germany and made part of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The authorities passed new anti-Jewish regulations that severely restricted Liese’s daily life. In September, Germany invaded neighboring Poland. In September 1941, Liese was required to wear a yellow Star of David badge at all times to identify herself as Jewish. Later that month, Reinhard Heydrich became...

  16. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note acquired by a Jewish Czech woman

    1. Elizabeth Trausel family collection

    Scrip valued at 5 kronen acquired by Elisabeth (Liese) Trausel who was imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp from fall 1944 until liberation in May 1945. Liese lived in Prague when it was invaded in March 1939, by Germany and made part of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The authorities passed new anti-Jewish regulations that severely restricted Liese’s daily life. In September, Germany invaded neighboring Poland. In September 1941, Liese was required to wear a yellow Star of David badge at all times to identify herself as Jewish. Later that month, Reinhard Heydrich became ...

  17. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 2 kronen note acquired by a Jewish Czech woman

    1. Elizabeth Trausel family collection

    Scrip valued at 2 kronen acquired by Elisabeth (Liese) Trausel who was imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp from fall 1944 until liberation in May 1945. Liese lived in Prague when it was invaded in March 1939, by Germany and made part of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The authorities passed new anti-Jewish regulations that severely restricted Liese’s daily life. In September, Germany invaded neighboring Poland. In September 1941, Liese was required to wear a yellow Star of David badge at all times to identify herself as Jewish. Later that month, Reinhard Heydrich became ...

  18. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note

    1. Elizabeth Trausel family collection

    Scrip valued at 1 krone acquired by to Elisabeth (Liese) Trausel who was imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp from fall 1944 until liberation in May 1945. Liese lived in Prague when it was invaded in March 1939, by Germany and made part of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The authorities passed new anti-Jewish regulations that severely restricted Liese’s daily life. In September, Germany invaded neighboring Poland. In September 1941, Liese was required to wear a yellow Star of David badge at all times to identify herself as Jewish. Later that month, Reinhard Heydrich becam...

  19. Zbigniew Antonii Piotrowski papers

    1. Zbigniew Antonii Piotrowski collection

    The Zbigniew Antonii Piotrowski papers consist of biographical materials and photographs documenting Zbigniew Piotrowski, his family’s life in Toruń and Gdynia before World War II and in Warsaw during the war, his father’s furniture workshops, his service on the MS Batory after the war, his immigration to the United States, and his service in the US Army Signal Corps in the 1950s. Biographical materials include Zbigniew’s birth certificate and student ID card; his parents’ marriage certificate; Warsaw shelter instructions; a postcard Zbigniew wrote from his hiding place in Trzebinia to his ...

  20. Forced labor badge worn by a Roman Catholic Polish youth

    1. Zbigniew Antonii Piotrowski collection

    Forced labor badge worn by 14-year-old Zbigniew Piotrowski, to identify him as a Polish forced laborer near Breslau, Germany, between August and November 1944. Zbigniew was a Roman Catholic boy living with his parents, three brothers, and sister, in the port city of Gdynia, Poland, when the German army invaded on September 1, 1939. Shortly after, one of his brothers was abducted off the street for forced labor by the German authorities, and the rest of the family was forcibly transported to the city of Lublin. Zbigniew’s brother was released, and the family relocated to Warsaw, where all bu...