League of Nations

Identifier: 403
Type of Entity: Corporate Body

Dates of Existence

1919/1946

History

The League of Nations was an international peacekeeping organization set up as part of the Versailles Treaty in 1919, with headquarters in Geneva. Appeals by German Jews regarding human rights in the Reich were not adjudicated. Its High Commission for Refugees was ineffectual, leading James Grover McDonald to resign. Insincerity of the great powers lead to the League’s impotency. The High Commissioner for Refugees revealed, as early as 1939, the fate of Jewry in various countries and the persecution and gross violations of human rights. Although the League existed until 1946, it was replaced by the United Nations.

Sources

Dictionary of the Holocaust : Biography, geography, and terminology / E.J. Epstein, P. Rosen. – Westport, 1997. – p. 172

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Displaying items 1 to 20 of 27

Alfred E. Cohn papers
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn500184
- English
- 1903-1947
- box oversize folders 1 2
- Updated 1 year ago
The Alfred E. Cohn papers consists primarily of Cohn’s correspondence with various organizations regarding the state of Jewish life overseas, and the rise of anti-Semitism in Europe. Other letters from organizations thank him for his contributions. Other material in the collection includes pamphlets and news clippings, discussing relief efforts for Jewish communities in Europe. In addition, postcards consisting of more personal correspondence are also in the collection.
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. European Executive Bureau in Paris, France (Fond 722)
1. Russian State Military Archives (Osobyi) records
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn615089
- English
- 1922-1940
- 75 microfilm reels, 16 mm 147,634 digital images, JPEG
- Updated 1 year ago
Consist of records of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. European Executive Bureau in Paris: an organization statute, registration forms, files of the New York office; correspondence with branches in Riga, Budapest, Warsaw, and other European cities; and the Red Cross. Includes correspondence on visas and aid for emigrants, on the arrest of JDC official Isaac Gitterman, funding the evacuation of the Executive Committee from Paris to Bordeaux, and plans for refugee settlement in Haiti and South America. Other documents include cables on the hardships of Jews in Warsaw, a repor...
Bulgarian Section of the League of Nations (Fond 487)
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn514501
- English
- 1932-1939
- 1 microfilm reel, 35 mm
- Updated 1 year ago
Contains records related to antisemitism in Germany.
French Section of the International League Against Racism and Antisemitism, Paris Section française de la ligue internationale contre le racisme et antisémitisme, Paris (Fond 43)
1. Russian State Military Archives (Osobyi) records
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn611873
- English
- 1933-1940
- 41 microfilm reels (partial), 16 mm 88,945 digital images, JPEG
- Updated 1 year ago
Contains documents of the French Section's executive committee including meeting minutes; directives; congress and conference materials; correspondence with regional branches of the Section, state institutions, members, and other organizations; personal and group files; name lists of Section members; applications for membership; information about the work of the subcommittees, the boycott of German goods, a union of Jewish organizations, a youth committee, a young women's society, the editorial office of the Section newspaper Droit de vivre, the repression of Jews in France and elsewhere; r...
HIAS-JCA Emigration Association (HICEM), Paris (Fond 740)
1. Russian State Military Archives (Osobyi) records
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn566607
- English
- 1926-1941
- 137 microfilm reels, 16 mm approximately 264, 000 digital images, JPEG
- Updated 1 year ago
Administrative files of the council of HICEM, including minutes, reports of the HICEM’s bureau of statistics, and finance department, circulars, and field trip reports. Other materials include reports on the status of Jews in various countries, lists of emigrants, reports on conferences, including minutes taken at the 1938 Evian conference, bulletins and periodicals issued by HICEM, press and media clippings, correspondence with branches and organizations in various countries, including correspondence with local HICEM branches, local charities and Jewish communities, correspondences with in...
International Executive Committee of the International Union Against Racism and Antisemitism Comité Exécutif International du Rassemblement mondial contra le racisme et anti-sémitisme, Paris (Fond 99)
1. Russian State Military Archives (Osobyi) records
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn611869
- English
- 1935-1940
- 4 microfilm reels (partial), 16 mm 6,975 digital images, JPEG
- Updated 1 year ago
Contains records on the structure of the International Union (IU) including lists of members of organizations of the IU's French committee, executive committee members, and delegates of the 1st Congress (International Congress against Racism); records on demonstrations against racist propaganda; meeting minutes of the executive committee of the IU; reports, papers, and speeches presented at the IU's first three international conferences, held in 1937, 1938, and 1939; correspondence with affiliated organizations, foreign consulates, and embassies. The collection also includes informational b...
James G. McDonald collection
1. James G. McDonald collection
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn522522
- English
- 1873-2010
- boxes oversize boxes 19 3
- Updated 1 year ago
The James G. McDonald collection consists of diary entries, correspondence, subject files, photographs, and printed materials documenting McDonald’s work as chair of the Foreign Policy Association, League of Nations High Commissioner for Refugees from Germany, chairman of President Roosevelt’s Advisory Committee on Political Refugees, member of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry on Jewish Problems in Palestine and Europe, U.S. Special Representative to the Jewish State, and U.S. Ambassador to Israel. McDonald’s diaries take the form of dictations he made to his staff, who typed and mai...
Népszövetségi képviselet és genfi főkonzulátus iratai, 1920-1945
- Records of the Hungarian Agency at the League of Nations and the Consulate General in Geneva, 1920-1945
- Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára
- MNL OL K 107
- English
- 1920-1945
- 139 fasc., 62 vols., 21,4 linear metres
- Updated 10 years ago
Records of the Hungarian Agency at the League of Nations and its successor (from 1939), the Hungarian Consulate in Geneva, Switzerland, contain material concerning Hungarian Jews from 1920 to 1939. The overwhelming majority of the records are from 1938 and 1939. The most relevant parts of the collection include various reports concerning the “Jewish question”, Zionism and the Palestine problem between 1930 and 1939, comprehensive political reports, and general documents pertaining to Hungarian Jews, such as demographical statistics and charts, the memorandum of Foreign Minister Kálmán Kánya...
Norman Bentwich collection (P174)
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn533455
- English
- 1933-1943
- 14,513 digital images, TIFF
- Updated 1 year ago
Private papers of Norman de Mattos Bentwich (1883-1971): Correspondence with refugees from Germany and Austria including name lists (organized alphabetically), as well as correspondence with the various refugee aid organizations such as the Central British Fund, London, the Comité voor Joodsche Vluchtelingen, Amsterdam, the Comité voor Bijzondere Joodsche Belangen, Amsterdam, the American Jewish Joint Agricultural Corporation, the Comité Allemand, Paris, the Comité National Tchécoslovaque pour les réfugiés provenant d'Allemagne, Prague, the Vereeniging tot Vakopleiding van Palestina Pionier...
Records of the Executive Committee of the World Jewish Congress, Paris Exekutivkomitee des Jüdischen Weltkongresses, Paris (Fond 1190)
1. Russian State Military Archives (Osobyi) records
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn566632
- English
- 1933-1941
- 33 microfilm reels (digitized), 16 mm digital images,
- Updated 1 year ago
Records related to the organization of the First World Jewish Congress (WJC). Includes minutes of the sessions of the WJC central bureau and executive and administrative committees, accounts and correspondence related to the political and organizational activities of the Committee, letters, petitions, memoranda, and press releases related to the persecution of Jews in various countries, correspondence with Jewish organizations, international organization (League of Nations), government and public officials, lists of local WJC committee members and leaders of Jewish organizations in various ...
Records of the Israelitische Allianz, Vienna "Israelitische Allianz", Wien (Wohltätigkeitsverein) (Fond 675)
1. Russian State Military Archives (Osobyi) records
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn610836
- English
- 1872-1939
- 3 microfilm reels (partial), 16 mm 228 digital images, JPEG
- Updated 1 year ago
The collection contains letters and correspondence with other Jewish organizations; minutes of the Council of the Alliance in Vienna and the Joint Foreign Committee of the Israelite Alliance in London; reports from neighboring countries including those of the Portuguese Marranos Committee, French organizations, the Netherlands, and Belgium; correspondence from 1935 to 1936 about the release of a film entitled "Process of Millennium" about the persecution of Jews; correspondence about arranging public canteens from 1936 to 1938; financial statements and minutes of the organization’s board; l...
Regional File of the U.S. War Department, Military Intelligence Division (MID)
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn503551
- English
- 1918-1944
- 22 microfilm reels, 16 mm
- Updated 1 year ago
Consists of selected records from the Regional File containing a wide variety of information about conditions and events around the world with a general span of years from 1922 to 1944. Some materials are dated as early as 1918. Many records from the 1930s and 1940s include Holocaust-related topics such as concentration camps, antisemitism, deportations, racial laws, forced labor, and religious persecution.
Selected Records from the International Committee of the Red Cross Commission for Prisoners, Internees and Civilians. Jews (Israélites), 1939-1961 (bulk 1940-1950)
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn505510
- English
- 1940-1950
- 14 microfilm reels (digitized), 16 mm digital images,
- Updated 1 year ago
Contains working files of Hans Bachmann, personal secretary to Carl J. Burkhardt, relating to assistance to Jews in various countries and civilian detainees of concentration camps in Germany from 1939 to 1945; administrative records of the Department of Special Assistance (DAS) relating to actions in favor of Jews; records relating to materials and moral assistance from the International Red Cross (ICRC) on behalf of European Jews; general records relating to ghettos, internment camps, and concentration camps for Jews; records relating to ICRC appeals to various governments asking for respe...
Selected records from the Library of the United Nations Office at Geneva
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn592587
- English
- 1921-1945
- 52, 818 digital images, JPEG
- Updated 1 year ago
Selected documents from two major record groups in the holdings of the Library of the United Nations Office at Geneva: the High Commissioner for German Refugees, Autonomous Period (1933-1936) and the Intergovernmental Committee Conference at Evian (1938-1939). These records relate to the Evian Conference as well as to Jewish refugees seeking to flee from Nazi persecution. Includes records pertaining to the British Mandate of Palestine, situation reports on various countries in Europe, and correspondence with Jewish communities in Europe and refugee organizations worldwide such as the Jewish...
Selected records from the National Archives of Ireland
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn45028
- English
- 1933-1960
- 16,736 digital images, JPEG 10 microfilm reels,
- Updated 1 year ago
Contains selected records from the National Archives of Ireland including records of the Department of Foreign Affairs, Department of Foreign Affairs Secretary's Office, Department of Justice, and the Department of the Taoiseach (Prime Minister). These records include reports of the German Legations in Berlin and Rome, and the High Commissioners Office in London, regarding immigration and refugees, the situation in Germany and Italy, lists of visas, visa applications, and the Irish Co-ordinating Committee for Refugees.
Selected records of the Embassies, Consulates and Diplomatic Legations of the Polish Republic : Polish Embassy in Paris Ambasada Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w Paryżu (Sygn. 463)
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn557937
- English
- 1919-1937
- 1,277 digital images, PDF
- Updated 1 year ago
Reports, studies, articles, correspondence and other materials related to the condition of national minorities in Poland and other countries in Europe, including Germans, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Lithuanians and Polish Jews. Included are materials about Jewish matters: Jewish affaires in Poland and other countries, attitudes of the Jewish population to the Polish-Soviet war, Zionist organizations, the issue of pogroms of Jews in Poland, general position of the Jewish population in Poland, 1919-1920; the Universal Jewish Congresses in Gdańsk and Karlsbad, Jewish Memorandum to the Council of ...
Selected records of the General Commissioner of the Republic of Poland in Gdańsk Komisarz Generalny Rzeczypospolitej w Gdańsku (Sygn. 259)
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn595269
- English
- 1919-1939
- 9 microfilm reels, 35 mm
- Updated 1 year ago
Selected records of the office of the Komisarz Generalny Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w Gdańsku (General Commissioner of the Republic of Poland in Gdańsk). Consist of reports, agreements, negotiations of the High Commissioner of the League of Nations in Gdańsk on the situation in the Free City of Gdańsk (Danzig), attacks on Poles and Polish property; records on paramilitary and other German organization, recruitment to NSDAP, Anti-Jewish actions of the National Socialists, attacks on Polish scouts and Polish families in Gdansk; political reports of the General Commissioner RP in Gdańsk on the...
Selected records of the Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn514250
- English
- 1936-1952
- 31 microfilm reels, 35 mm
- Updated 1 year ago
Contains records relating to repatriation of prisoners of war, aid to refugees including materials regarding the High Commissioner of the League of Nations, the Nansen Office, and Nansen refugee passports; proceedings and reports of the Intergovernmental Refugee Committee and of the Evian Conference; help to refugees from various countries; post-war refugee help; Swedish police reports on Danish Jews in Malmö, Hälsingbor, and other towns; Swedish diplomatic correspondence on refugee questions; and press clippings of the Ossietzky affair from 1936 to 1937.
Senat der Freien Stadt Danzig Selected records of the Senate of the Free City Gdańsk Senat Wolnego Miasta Gdańska (Sygn. 260)
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn595270
- English
- 1920-1939
- 9 microfilm reels, 35 mm
- Updated 1 year ago
Selected records of the Senate of the Free City Gdańsk (Senat Wolnego Miasta Gdańska): correspondence related to expulsion of Polish citizens, unlawful arrests and closures of Polish companies, notes about German attacks on Poles and Jews, German newspaper clippings, reports, telegrams, lists of the personnel of the Senate of the Free City Gdańsk, and lists of inhabitants of Gdańsk, petitions of the Association of Jewish Academics, various regulations, correspondence with the Jewish community (Synagogen Gemeinde) related to discrimination and atrocities against Jews (Germans ransacked the s...
UNRRA selected records AG-018-012 : Washington DC Headquarters
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- irn610286
- English
- 1932-1949
- 51 microfilm reels (digitized), 16 mm digital images, JPEG
- Updated 1 year ago
Selected files of the UNRRA Washington DC Headquarters: files on the European Mission, the Displaced Persons Division, the Welfare Division and Branches, history of the UNRRA; files of personnel recruitment, status, regulations, trainings, salary and causalities, decorations and awards, staff visits to Europe, China and Middle East; files on the UNESCO Staffing and Fellowship Programs, the voluntary agencies, economic recovery and educational rehabilitation, finance and administration, clothing and food collection, minutes of meetings of various Committees and UNRRA Council sessions, report...