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Displaying items 1,681 to 1,698 of 1,698
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Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. Embossed brown leather bi-fold wallet used by a soldier in the Jewish Brigade, British Army

    1. Fanny and Leo Englard collection

    Wallet that belonged to Leo Englard when he served as a soldier in the Jewish Brigade Group during World War II. The British Army established the group in September 1944. It included more than 5000 Jewish volunteers living in Palestine and was the only independent, national Jewish unit to serve in WWII. The unit served in combat during the final battles for the liberation of Italy. The British dissolved the Brigade in the summer of 1946. Leo remained in Palestine and married Fanny Dominitz, a German Jewish Holocaust survivor who emigrated to Palestine in 1947. The couple had known each othe...

  2. Eclaireurs Israélites de France shirt and kerchief worn by former hidden Jewish boy

    1. Steven W. Simon collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn35933
    • English
    • 1945
    • a: Height: 25.380 inches (64.465 cm) | Width: 23.000 inches (58.42 cm) b: Height: 28.000 inches (71.12 cm) | Width: 26.880 inches (68.275 cm) c: Height: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm)

    Eclaireurs Israélites de France (Jewish Scouts of France) shirt, neckerchief, and slide fastener worn by Steven Simon when he was a scout in 1945-46. His scoutmaster Simon Barenbaum gave Steven his own neckerchief when Steven needed to recite his scouting pledge of allegiance. Steven and his parents, Arthur and Irma Simon, were Jewish German immigrants living in Paris, France, when it was occupied by Nazi Germany in 1940. They fled to the unoccupied southern region where they survived the war by adopting false identities. Scouting was very important for Steven as it eased his reintegration...

  3. Fanny and Leo Englard papers

    1. Fanny and Leo Englard collection

    Documents, correspondence and photographs regarding Fanny Dominitz, who survived several concentration camps, and her husband Leo Englard, who served in the Jewish Brigade Group during World War II.

  4. Pope Pius XI medal, ribbon and case worn to disguise the identity of a Jewish woman in hiding

    1. Franka and Samuel Baral family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn35906
    • English
    • 1943-1945
    • a: Height: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) | Width: 2.125 inches (5.398 cm) b: Diameter: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) c: Height: 10.125 inches (25.718 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm)

    Catholic medal worn by Franka Baral, age 37, to hide her Jewish identity, while living in hiding with her 3 children, Aneta, 13 yr., Martin, 11 yr., and Jim Jacob, 8 years old, from 1943-45. Franka and her family were forced into the Krakow ghetto in 1941 by the Germans, who occupied Poland in September 1939. In 1943, warned of a planned liquidation, the family escaped. The boys were sent to hide with their former housekeeper. Franka and Aneta fled to Tarnow, and Samuel, her husband, to Płaszów. Franka and Aneta rejoined the boys, but when Bochnia became a labor camp in 1943, they fled to H...

  5. Macramé bag with 2 wooden handles used by a Polish Jewish family while in hiding

    1. Franka and Samuel Baral family collection

    Macramé bag used by Franka Baral to hide money while living in hiding with her 3 children, Aneta, 13 yr., Martin, 11 yr., and Jim Jacob, 8 years old from 1943-45. It was made by her brother, Samuel Hirsh. One wooden handle was made hollow to hide valuables. They carried food in the see-through bag, so it would not attract interest. They were arrested several times, but the bag was never taken away. Franka and her family were forced into the Krakow ghetto in 1941 by the Germans, who occupied Poland in September 1939. In 1943, warned of a planned liquidation, the family escaped. The boys were...

  6. Doily printed with the portrait photograph of a young bride in a displaced persons camp

    1. Rosa and Zygmunt Schleichkorn collection

    Doily featuring a photographic portrait of Rosa Freimann Schleichkorn. It was created to commemorate her wedding to Zygmont Schleichkorn around 1947 in the Zeilsheim displaced persons camp in Germany. In 1940, Rosa escaped from the Łódź (Litzmannstadt) ghetto and hid in a convent. She later moved to Warsaw and assumed a false identity as a Catholic. When that ghetto was about to be destroyed in spring 1943, she paid someone to smuggle her out. Zygmont was interned by the Germans in the ghetto in Bochnia, Poland. It was emptied by the summer of 1943, but Zygmont and his family had hidden in ...

  7. Doily printed with the wedding photograph of a young couple married in a displaced persons camp

    1. Rosa and Zygmunt Schleichkorn collection

    Doily featuring a photographic portrait of Rosa Freimann and Zygmont Schleichkorn. It was created to celebrate their wedding around 1947 in the Zeilsheim displaced persons camp in Germany. In 1940, Rosa escaped from the Łódź (Litzmannstadt) ghetto and hid in a convent. She later moved to Warsaw and assumed a false identity as a Catholic. When that ghetto was about to be destroyed in spring 1943, she paid someone to smuggle her out. Zygmont was interned by the Germans in the ghetto in Bochnia, Poland. It was emptied by the summer of 1943, but Zygmont and his family had hidden in the forest w...

  8. Text only poster for a performance by St. Ottilien DP orchestra

    1. Sonia Beker collection

    Broadside preserved by Fania Durmashkin advertising a performance by the Venus (Wenery) Durmaszkin (Henny) and a student ballet and folk dance ensemble in the American zone of occupation in postwar Germany. It was to be held on June 16, 1949, at 7:30 pm in the Mining House. Members of the St. Ottilien displaced persons orchestra, also known as the ex-concentration camp orchestra, or orchestra of survivors, were also on the program. From 1945-1948, this group performed Yiddish and Hebrew music and classical works in wartorn cities in the US and British zones. Henia, a folk and opera singer, ...

  9. Evening of Dance Text only red poster for a dance and concert performance by members of the St. Ottilien displaced persons orchestra

    1. Sonia Beker collection

    Broadside preserved by Fania Durmashkin announcing a dance and concert performance featuring Wenery (Venus) Henny Durmashkin and members of the St. Ottilien ex-concentration camp orchestra in the American occupation zone in Germany. It is to take place at the City Theatre on Sunday, November 16, 1947, at 7:00. The St. Ottilien displaced persons orchestra, also known as the orchestra of survivors, formed at the DP camp in 1945, and performed Yiddish and Hebrew music and classical works in wartorn cities in the US and British occupied zones throguh 1948/9. Fania, a pianist, and her sister Hen...

  10. Text only yellow poster for a performance by members of the St. Ottilien displaced persons orchestra

    1. Sonia Beker collection

    Broadside preserved by Fania Durmashkin advertising a concert and dance performance by members of the St. Ottilien displaced persons orchestra, also known as the ex-concentration camp orchestra, or orchestra of survivors, formed at the St. Ottilien DP camp in Germany. From 1945-1948, they performed Yiddish and Hebrew music and classical works to audiences throughout wartorn cities in the US and British occupied zones. Fania, a pianist, and Henia, a folk and opera singer, members of the orchestra, were the only survivors of a wellknown musical family from Vilna, Poland (Vilnius, Lithuania).T...

  11. Star of David badge with Jude worn by Austrian Jewish woman

    1. Friedrich and Edith Löw Taussig collection

    Star of David badge worn by Edith Löw in Vienna, Austria, from September 1, 1941, until her liberation in April 1945. Austrian Jews were required to wear Judenstern (Jewish Stars) at all times to humiliate and mark them as Jews. Edith and her mother Friedericke got their patches at the Jewish community center and hemmed them to look nicer. After Germany annexed Austria in March 1938, Edith’s father Otto lost his job and fled to Yugoslavia. At age 14, Edith stopped attending school and worked at the Jewish community daycare. By late summer 1942, the center closed because of mass deportations...

  12. The Liberators: The Liberation by the Criminal Army! Poster

    1. David Diamant collection

    Political poster of the French resistance group Manouchian network. In February of 1944, this poster appeared all over France. The Gestapo executed these men. Their leader was an Armenian name Missak Manouchian. The Poster was meant to make an example of these ten partisans whose faces appear.

  13. Coat worn by a female German Jewish member of the Red Orchestra resistance group

    1. David and Lisa Eizenberg collection

    Coat worn by Lisa Gervai-Egler, probably postwar when she returned to Berlin after being liberated from a concentration camp. During the war, while Lisa was a student at the Berlin Museum School of Fine Arts, she joined an anti-Nazi resistance movement known as the Rote Kapelle (Red Orchestra). This group smuggled coded messages on troop movements and other strategic information to the Russian Front. Lisa was captured while on a mission in Poland and imprisoned by the Germans. Toward the end of the war, she met an American soldier, David Eizenberg, who was serving as a Russian translator. D...

  14. Vest worn by a female German Jewish member of the Red Orchestra resistance group

    1. David and Lisa Eizenberg collection

    Vest worn by Lisa Gervai-Egler, probably postwar, when she returned to Berlin after being liberated from a concentration camp. During the war, while Lisa was a student at the Berlin Museum School of Fine Arts, she joined an anti-Nazi resistance movement known as the Rote Kapelle (Red Orchestra). This group smuggled coded messages on troop movements and other strategic information to the Russian Front. Lisa was captured while on a mission in Poland and imprisoned by the Germans. Toward the end of the war, she met an American soldier, David Eizenberg, who was serving as a Russian translator. ...

  15. Henry F. Kahn collection of Holocaust-era mail

    1. Henry F. Kahn collection

    The Henry F. Kahn collection of Holocaust-era mail primarily consists of envelopes, letters, postcards, and philatelic materials Kahn collected between approximately 1945 and 1985. The materials document mail systems in and around Holocaust-era ghettos and concentration camps and, by extension, the survivors and victims who passed through them or perished in them. Kahn arranged the materials in three annotated scrapbooks, providing context and history for the ghettos, camps, and mail systems. Most of the materials date from the 1930s and 1940s while the reproductions and commentary date fro...