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Displaying items 61 to 80 of 1,698
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Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. Aluminum suitcase used by Jewish Polish postwar refugees

    1. Regina and Samuel Spiegel collection

    Silver aluminum suitcase used by Regina and Shmuel Spiegel when they emigrated in October 1947 from Germany to the United States. In April 1941, Regina Gutman, 15, escaped the Radom ghetto in German occupied Poland to join her sister Rozia in Pionki. She worked in a munitions factory, where she met Shmuel, 20. He had left Kozienice ghetto in September 1942 to work in Pionki labor camp. In fall 1944, the inmates were transferred to Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. They promised to meet in Kozienice if they survived the war. Men and women were separated upon arrival. Regina was transfer...

  2. American officers/POWs in Mauthausen

    (LIB 6495) Concentration Camp, Mauthasen, Austria, May 7-8, 1945. Sound interview with Lt Jack H Taylor, US Navy, who tells of his work in the German-occupied countries of Europe, his capture, and his treatment as a prisoner. Sound interview with Sgt Louis Biagioni, US Army, who tells of his service behind the lines serving with Italian partisans in the the northeast section of Italy. The Sgt relates his capture by the Gestapo and treatment while in the prison camp. Transcription: Jack H. Taylor U.S. Navy, CA. "Interview with American Officer in Austria, October 44. Captured in December by ...

  3. An Ordinary Weekday Leo Haas aquatint of a funeral and a crowd watching an orchestra in Theresienstadt

    1. Leo Haas collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn513918
    • English
    • 1966
    • overall: Height: 19.625 inches (49.848 cm) | Width: 14.750 inches (37.465 cm) pictorial area: Height: 8.500 inches (21.59 cm) | Width: 11.375 inches (28.893 cm)

    Aquatint created by Leo Haas in 1966 based upon sketches made in 1942 based on scenes he witnessed while an inmate of Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. It depicts a funeral in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in 1942. Haas was an inmate of Terezin from September 1942-October 1944. Haas, 38, a Czech Jew and a professional artist, was arrested in 1939 in Ostrava in German occupied Czechoslovakia for begin a member of the Communist Party. He was deported to Nisko labor camp in Poland, then shipped back to Ostrava to do forced labor. In September 1942, he was sent to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor...

  4. Anna Hoffman identification card

    Contains a Belgian identity card for Anna Hoffman. Anna Hoffman was born on March 2, 1891 in Cernauti, Ukraine, and was arrested by the Gestapo in Brussels, Belgium, on March 3, 1943. She was sent to the Malines transit camp and deported by the 20th convoy to Auschwitz where she was gassed on arrival.

  5. Annemarie Warschauer papers

    The Annemarie Warschauer papers document the pre-war lives of the Israelski, Munter, and Warschauer families in Berlin, Germany and as refugees in Shanghai, China during the Holocaust. The collection includes biographical material, immigration papers, a small amount of correspondence, restitution papers, and photographs. Materials include passports, birth and marriage certificates, Yahrzeit memorial books, forced labor documents, restitution paperwork, dental profession papers, immigration and naturalization papers, and family photographs. The biographical material includes passports, drive...

  6. Announcement suspending postal service in the Łódź ghetto

    1. Shlomo Flam collection

    Notification of a postal ban issued in the Łódź ghetto in German occupied Poland by Mordecai Rumkowski, head of the Jewish Council that administered the Ghetto for the Germans. Nazi Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, and occupied Łódź one week later. Łódź was renamed Litzmannstadt and, by February 1940, the Germans forcibly relocated the large Jewish population of 160,000 into a small, sealed ghetto. All residents had to work and many were forced laborers in ghetto factories. Residents. Living conditions were horrendous; the overcrowding and lack of food caused widespread disease ...

  7. Anti-Nazi drawing published in the PM newspaper Justice

    1. William Sharp collection

    Can you imagine getting justice at the hands of these men? That one at the ledt is a member of the army. Next is the judge, then a Storm Troop officer, and of course, the one at the right is a member of the Gestapo. And they call this a People's Court! I attended many trials presided over by men with faces like this. I did not see any justice dispensed. I sketched this in Germany and finished it in the U.S.A.

  8. Anti-Nazi drawing published in the PM newspaper Totentanz

    1. William Sharp collection

    Once when Adolf Hitler was standing by the tomb of Richard Wagner, whose music he adores, he referred to himself as "the young drummer of the German people." He has been a drummer all right [sic], thumping the tom-toms of hate and "race" to a chorus of hysterical "Heils" while the German people march blindly to their destruction. This drawing I completed in Germany. Imagine what would have happened if the Gestapo had seen it.

  9. Ardal brand civilian gas mask placed on a workbench used to conceal a Jewish family’s hiding place

    1. Stefan Petri collection

    C2 gas mask, the civilian version of the Polish army’s Wz. 38 mask, placed on a workbench that concealed one of the hiding places Stefan Petri built in his home in Wawer, Poland. Stefan, his wife, Janina, and their son, Marian, were Polish Catholics. On September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland and began subjugating the Polish people. Uncertain of what might occur, Stefan built a basement hiding place concealed by a cabinet. In mid-1942, the Germans deported 300,000 Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto to Treblinka killing center. Stefan learned that his Jewish dentist and friend, Dr. Szapiro, his w...

  10. Ardeatine Caves; FFI; torture chamber; corpses

    Corpses of Italians executed by the Nazis are removed from the Ardeatine caves; last rites are given the victims; this was most likely filmed in July 1944 by the March of Time. A funeral cortege for FFI dead moves through Paris. Shows a Gestapo torture chamber in the city; corpses of US airmen in a field at Gambsheim; the removal of corpses from a cellar in Bande, Belgium; and last rites and burial of the victims.

  11. Armband stamped Jewish Police Schwandorf acquired by a US soldier

    1. Joseph W. Eaton collection

    Schwandorf Jewish police armband acquired by Joseph W. Eaton, 26, presumably after the war in Schwandorf displaced persons camp in Germany. Joseph had lived in the United States since November 1934 when his parents sent him away from Berlin, Germany. After joining the Army in 1942, he was trained in military government and psychological warfare at Camp Ritchie. He entered combat six weeks after D-Day, June 4, 1944, as part of the 4th Mobile Broadcasting Unit, Allied Headquarters. He was part of a handpicked Press and Publications Unit responsible for radio and print propaganda for German tr...

  12. Armband with a royal coat of arms issued to a Danish resistance member

    1. Knud Dyby collection

    Blue, red, and white armband with a medallion issued to Knud Dyby, a member of the Danish underground resistance, on May 4 or 5, 1945. The armbands, which appeared abruptly throughout Denmark, were issued by the Danish Freedom Council, Denmark's unofficial government-in-exile in England from July 1944 to May 1945. The armbands were meant to identify resistance members as legitimate combatants, rather than guerilla forces, to ensure they were protected under Geneva Convention rules defining combatants and how they should be treated by military forces. Denmark was occupied by Germany on April...

  13. Arthur Szyk drawing

    1. Joseph and Alexandra Braciejowski collection

    Drawing of satirical subject matter relating to Second World War created in the United States.

  14. Asynchronous motor placed on a workbench used to conceal a Jewish family’s hiding place

    1. Stefan Petri collection

    AEG electric motor placed on a workbench that concealed one of the hiding places Stefan Petri built in his home in Wawer, Poland. Stefan, his wife, Janina, and their son, Marian, were Polish Catholics. On September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland and began subjugating the Polish people. Uncertain of what might occur, Stefan built a basement hiding place concealed by a cabinet. In mid-1942, the Germans deported 300,000 Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto to Treblinka killing center. Stefan learned that his Jewish dentist and friend, Dr. Szapiro, his wife Ela, and their adult sons, Jerzy and Marek ha...

  15. ATA (Air Transport Auxiliary) lapel badge owned by a Jewish member of the French resistance

    1. Yvonne Rothschild Redgis and Gertrude Fraenkel (Fränkel) family collection

    ATA (Air Transport Auxiliary) ground support staff lapel pin owned by Yvonne Klug Redgis, a French resistance member who was imprisoned in France and in Auschwitz concentration camp from 1943-1945. ATA was a multinational civilian organization of volunteer pilots that ferried British warplanes from factories to the frontlines. The pin bears the motto Unique et Ubique and features an eagle and intertwined British and French flags. France surrendered to and was occupied by Nazi Germany in June 1940. Yvonne was arrested by the Gestapo for her resistance work on September 1, 1943, in the Rivier...

  16. Atarah with a gold metallic thread floral pattern owned by a prewar German Jewish emigre to the US

    1. Arthur Cohn and Leo Nast collection

    Metallic embroidered atarah, or neckband, owned by Dr. Leo Nast, a chemical engineer who left Hamburg, Germany, for the United States in July 1934. The atarah would be attached to the interior top center of the tallit, a prayer shawl worn by Jewish males during morning prayers, to be nearest the head when the shawl is draped over it. Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933. Leo had long opposed the politics of Hitler and the Nazi Party and Leo and his wife Bertha decided to leave Germany. Their immigration was sponsored by the Catalin Corporation, a plastics company that employed...

  17. Aussenstelle Dahlwitz-Hoppegarten records (MfS IX/11)

    Selected records from the record group MfS IX/11 compiled by the former East German Security Service "Stasi." Materials of mixed provenance, primarily papers generated by the German Security Police and SD between 1933 and 1945. Included are routine, periodic reports of local Gestapo surveillance of suspect political, religious, or fraternal groups; records of police documents such as circular letters, memos of telephone conversations, daily reports, situation reports; and reports from or about the "Ausland" such as Austria, Yugoslavia, and the occupied Eastern territories.

  18. Autopsies, human skin discussed at Nuremberg Trial

    War Crimes Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, January 11, 1946. Thomas J. Dodd continues reading Dr. Franz Blaha's signed affidavit which tells of the Gestapo forcing him to work in the autopsy room. Dr. Blaha performed 7000 autopsies during his stay. He filled many requests for human skin that was cured in the sun and used for making saddles, gloves, and ladies' handbags. In his testimony, Dr. Blaha identifies Wilhelm Frick and Alfred Rosenberg, whom he saw touring the Dachau camp.

  19. Award certificate issued postwar with 6 medals to a Dutch resistance leader

    1. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    Certificate for a set of 6 medals issued to Piet Brandsen by Stichting 1940-1945 for his bravery and resistance activities during the German occupation of the Netherlands from May 1940-May 1945. Stichting 1940-1945 was a foundation created during the war to provide aid to resistance members and their families. After Netherlands was invaded by Germany in May 1940, Piet and his wife Dina, devout Christians, joined the resistance. Piet helped many Jewish people go into hiding, in his own home and with other resistance members. He also provided false identities and food coupons. He was arrested...

  20. Baal T'Fillah or The Practical Prayer, 4th edition Prayer book for Passover days 1 and 2 owned by a British soldier and German Jewish emigre

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    The Baal t'fillah oder Der practische Vorbeter is one of five books from the personal collection of Sebald Müller that were confiscated by the Nazi regime and added to Julius Streicher's Library of Judaica in the 1930s. After the war, the books were placed in the collection of the Stadt-Bibliothek Nuremberg [Nuremberg City Library], which returned them to Sebald’s son, Norman Miller (previously Norbert Müller) in 2011. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Sebald shared with his wife, Laura, their children, Norbert and Suse, and mother-in-law, Clara ...