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Displaying items 21 to 40 of 1,698
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Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. Commemorative medal issued to a Dutch resistance leader

    1. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    Commemorative medal, one of six, awarded to Piet Brandsen by Stichting 1940-1945 for his bravery and resistance activities during the German occupation of the Netherlands from May 1940-May 1945. Stichting 1940-1945 was a foundation created during the war to provide aid to resistance members and their families. After Netherlands was invaded by Germany in May 1940, Piet and his wife Dina, devout Christians, joined the resistance. Piet helped many Jewish people go into hiding, in his own home and with other resistance members. He also provided false identities and food coupons. He was arrested...

  2. Commemorative medal issued to a Dutch resistance leader

    1. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    Commemorative medal, one of six, awarded to Piet Brandsen by Stichting 1940-1945 for his bravery and resistance activities during the German occupation of the Netherlands from May 1940-May 1945. Stichting 1940-1945 was a foundation created during the war to provide aid to resistance members and their families. After Netherlands was invaded by Germany in May 1940, Piet and his wife Dina, devout Christians, joined the resistance. Piet helped many Jewish people go into hiding, in his own home and with other resistance members. He also provided false identities and food coupons. He was arrested...

  3. Commemorative medal issued to a Dutch resistance leader

    1. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    Commemorative medal, one of six, awarded to Piet Brandsen by Stichting 1940-1945 for his bravery and resistance activities during the German occupation of the Netherlands from May 1940-May 1945. Stichting 1940-1945 was a foundation created during the war to provide aid to resistance members and their families. After Netherlands was invaded by Germany in May 1940, Piet and his wife Dina, devout Christians, joined the resistance. Piet helped many Jewish people go into hiding, in his own home and with other resistance members. He also provided false identities and food coupons. He was arrested...

  4. Commemorative medal issued to a Dutch resistance leader

    1. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    Commemorative medal, one of six, awarded to Piet Brandsen by Stichting 1940-1945 for his bravery and resistance activities during the German occupation of the Netherlands from May 1940-May 1945. Stichting 1940-1945 was a foundation created during the war to provide aid to resistance members and their families. After Netherlands was invaded by Germany in May 1940, Piet and his wife Dina, devout Christians, joined the resistance. Piet helped many Jewish people go into hiding, in his own home and with other resistance members. He also provided false identities and food coupons. He was arrested...

  5. Black and white patterned case for medals awarded postwar to a Dutch resistance leader

    1. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    Fitted case for a set of 6 medals issued to Piet Brandsen by Stichting 1940-1945 for his bravery and resistance activities during the German occupation of the Netherlands from May 1940-May 1945. Stichting 1940-1945 was a foundation created during the war to provide aid to resistance members and their families. After Netherlands was invaded by Germany in May 1940, Piet and his wife Dina, devout Christians, joined the resistance. Piet helped many Jewish people go into hiding, in his own home and with other resistance members. He also provided false identities and food coupons. He was arrested...

  6. Award certificate issued postwar with 6 medals to a Dutch resistance leader

    1. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    Certificate for a set of 6 medals issued to Piet Brandsen by Stichting 1940-1945 for his bravery and resistance activities during the German occupation of the Netherlands from May 1940-May 1945. Stichting 1940-1945 was a foundation created during the war to provide aid to resistance members and their families. After Netherlands was invaded by Germany in May 1940, Piet and his wife Dina, devout Christians, joined the resistance. Piet helped many Jewish people go into hiding, in his own home and with other resistance members. He also provided false identities and food coupons. He was arrested...

  7. Commemorative medal issued to a Dutch resistance leader

    1. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    Commemorative medal, one of six, awarded to Piet Brandsen by Stichting 1940-1945 for his bravery and resistance activities during the German occupation of the Netherlands from May 1940-May 1945. Stichting 1940-1945 was a foundation created during the war to provide aid to resistance members and their families. After Netherlands was invaded by Germany in May 1940, Piet and his wife Dina, devout Christians, joined the resistance. Piet helped many Jewish people go into hiding, in his own home and with other resistance members. He also provided false identities and food coupons. He was arrested...

  8. Henryk Gawkowski and Treblinka railway workers

    Henryk Gawkowski was a locomotive conductor at the Treblinka station and estimates that he transported approximately 18,000 Jews to the camp. He drank vodka all the time because it was the only way to make bearable his job and the smell of burning corpses. He describes the black market and the prostitution that developed around the camp. This interview also includes conversations with several other Polish witnesses who were railway workers. FILM ID 3362 -- Camera Rolls #4-7 -- 01:00:00 to 01:13:26 Gawkowski and a Polish choir sing "W mogile ciemnej ?pij na wieki," a Gregorian-chant style fu...

  9. Coin purse owned by Otto Frank

    1. Ryan M. Cooper collection

    Change purse owned by Otto Frank. Otto was a German Jewish businessman who immigrated to Amsterdam, Netherlands, with his wife, Edith, and daughters, Margot and Anne. Germany invaded the Netherlands on May 10, 1940. Under German occupation, antisemitic restrictions were enforced, and Otto set up a hiding place in the attic of his business. The family moved into their hidden rooms on July 6, 1942, and were later joined by four others. Otto’s most trusted employees, including Miep and Jan Gies, immediately agreed to help them, at great risk to their own safety. Otto’s most trusted employees, ...

  10. Pewter mustard pot owned by Otto Frank

    1. Ryan M. Cooper collection

    Pewter mustard pot owned by the Frank family. Otto Frank was one of three children born to Michael and Alice Frank in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. He had three siblings, Robert, Herbert, and Helene. Michael had founded a family banking business, which his wife and sons took over after his death in 1909. Helene moved to Basel, Switzerland, with her husband in 1931, and Herbert immigrated to France in 1932. After Adolf Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany in January 1933, authorities quickly began suppressing the rights and personal freedoms of Jews, and boycotting their businesses. Shor...

  11. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    1. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    The Felix and Flory Van Beek papers consist of biographical materials, correspondence, diaries, a personal narrative, photographs, and printed materials documenting a German-Dutch couple, their thwarted efforts to escape Europe on the SS Simon Bolivar, their survival in hiding with two separate Dutch families, their liberation, their immigration to the United States, and the deaths of their family members in the Holocaust. Many documents are accompanied by Flory Van Beek's annotations. Biographical materials primarily document Felix and Flory Van Beek and include certificates, correspondenc...

  12. Bagriansky-Zerner family collection

    1. Bagriansky-Zerner family collection and Edwin Geist collection

    The collection consists of immigration and personal identification documents, photographs, writings, correspondence and related materials that document the experiences of Paul and Gerta (nee Chason) Bagriansky, their daughter, Rosian Bagriansky Zerner, and their extended family. Included is information about their pre-war life in Lithuania, their life under Soviet and German occupation, including internment in the Kaunas ghetto and their escape from it, the hiding of Rosian with various Lithuanian acquaintances for the duration of the war, Paul Bagriansky’s experiences as a partisan during ...

  13. Aluminum suitcase used by Jewish Polish postwar refugees

    1. Regina and Samuel Spiegel collection

    Silver aluminum suitcase used by Regina and Shmuel Spiegel when they emigrated in October 1947 from Germany to the United States. In April 1941, Regina Gutman, 15, escaped the Radom ghetto in German occupied Poland to join her sister Rozia in Pionki. She worked in a munitions factory, where she met Shmuel, 20. He had left Kozienice ghetto in September 1942 to work in Pionki labor camp. In fall 1944, the inmates were transferred to Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. They promised to meet in Kozienice if they survived the war. Men and women were separated upon arrival. Regina was transfer...

  14. Violin case used by a Sinti musician

    1. Gabriel Reinhardt and Theresia Winterstein families collection

    Wooden coffin style violin case owned by Rita Prigmore and originally used by her father, Gabriel Reinhardt, who played with his four brothers in a Sinti band in Germany before World War II. The Nazi regime restricted Sinti migrations in the 1930s. Gabriel met Theresia Winterstein in 1941 when they both worked at the Stadttheater in Wurzburg, Germany. Persecution of the Sinti was escalating. They were no longer allowed to work at the theater. Several members of both families were forced to agree to sterilization. Gabriel and Theresia decided to have a child, and when Theresia was called in ...

  15. Violin used by a Sinti musician

    1. Gabriel Reinhardt and Theresia Winterstein families collection

    Violin owned by Rita Prigmore and originally used by her father, Gabriel Reinhardt, who played with his four brothers in a Sinti band in Germany before World War II. The Nazi regime restricted Sinti migrations in the 1930s. Gabriel met Theresia Winterstein in 1941 when they both worked at the Stadttheater in Wurzburg, Germany. Persecution of the Sinti was escalating. They were no longer allowed to work at the theater. Several members of both families were forced to agree to sterilization. Gabriel and Theresia decided to have a child, and when Theresia was called in for sterilization she was...

  16. Violin used by a Sinti musician

    1. Gabriel Reinhardt and Theresia Winterstein families collection

    Violin owned by Rita Prigmore and originally used by her father, Gabriel Reinhardt, who played with his four brothers in a Roma band in Germany before World War II. The Nazi regime restricted Roma migrations in the 1930s. Gabriel met Theresia Winterstein in 1941 when they both worked at the Stadttheater in Wurzburg, Germany. Persecution of the Roma was escalating and several members of both families were forced to agree to sterilization. Gabriel and Theresia decided to have a child, and when Theresia was called in for sterilization she was 3 months pregnant with twins. The Germans permitted...

  17. Golem pendant made by a Jewish prisoner in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp

    1. Margaret Gruenbaum family collection

    Pendant given to Margarete Grünbaum (later Margaret Gruenbaum) in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp by a fellow inmate who worked with her in the camp’s Arts Department between November 1942 and May 1945. Before Czechoslovakia was occupied by Germany in 1939, Margarete lived in Prague with her husband, Karel, and their children, Marietta and Michael. In October 1941, Karel was arrested by the Gestapo and detained in Pankrác prison in Prague. On December 3, Karel was sent to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp, where he was killed on the 18th in the Small Fortress. On November 20, 1942, Margaret...

  18. Hand knitted floral wall hanging made prewar by a Dutch Jewish woman

    1. Louis de Groot family collection

    Floral patterned, fringed wall hanging created by Sophia Swaab de Groot in 1938 or 1939 in Arnhem, Netherlands, and recovered by her son Louis after the war. Sophia made the wall hanging to protect the wall behind the living room couch. She worked on it for hours over several nights and used a paper pattern to create it. Germany occupied the Netherlands in May 1940 and implemented anti-Jewish restrictions. In July 1942, the Germans began mass deportations. On November 16, 1942, Chelly, 15, Louis, 13, and their parents Meijer and Sophia left Arnhem and went into hiding. Meijer and Sophia hid...

  19. Reference work

    Photocopy of a register of Jewish citizens located in Berlin, Germany, in 1947 that was copied by John Finke in Chicago in 2000. John (then Hans) was a concentration camp survivor who became an aid worker after the war. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. Jews were forced out of their jobs and their businesses were confiscated. In February 1943, Hans, 23, an electrician by trade, was a forced laborer for Siemens when he was hospitalized with appendicitis. On February 29, his parent...

  20. Cut-out landscape scene made by a Jewish prisoner in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp

    1. Margaret Gruenbaum family collection

    Miniature metalwork given to Margarete Grünbaum (later Margaret Gruenbaum) in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp by a fellow inmate who worked with her in the camp’s Arts Department between November 1942 and May 1945. Before Czechoslovakia was occupied by Germany in 1939, Margarete lived in Prague with her husband, Karel, and their children, Marietta and Michael. In October 1941, Karel was arrested by the Gestapo and detained in Pankrác prison in Prague. On December 3, Karel was sent to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp, where he was killed on the 18th in the Small Fortress. On November 20, 19...