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Displaying items 2,901 to 2,920 of 3,431
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  1. Stamp with Juif, French for Jew, made to forge papers for the resistance

    1. Gilbert Leidervarger and Donoff family collection

    Counterfeit hand stamp with Juif for Jew made by Gilbert Leidervarger in southern France between 1942 and 1944 to authenticate forged documents made by the French resistance. Recreating official rubber stamps was difficult because of the special materials and carving skills required. Erasing rubber was not really suitable; some forgers used linoleum or sliced and combined sections from purloined or discontinued stamps. After Germany invaded France on May 10, 1940, Gilbert, wife Suzanne Donoff, and Suzanne’s six siblings, Lina, Rosette, David, Robert, two other sisters, and Robert’s wife Nel...

  6. Stanisław Maciejewski collection

    Stanisław Maciejewski collection consists of records relating to activities of the Association of Polish Former Political Prisoners of Prisons and Concentration Camps in Germany. These records include prisoner questionnaires containing comprehensive bibliographical information about the prisoners and prospective association members as well as photographs, fingerprints, and Verification Commission notes. The collection also contains correspondence, medical and compensation records, Maciejewski family documents, newspaper clippings, and publications relating to various concentration camp muse...

  7. Star of David badge imprinted Jude worn by a German Jew

    1. Hildegard and Moritz Henschel collection

    Star of David badge worn by Moritz or Hildegard Henschel who were deported from Berlin to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in June 1943. Moritz was an influential lawyer in Berlin when Hitler came to power in Germany in January 1933. As government persecution of Jews intensified, Moritz and Hildegard sent their daughters Marianne, 15, to Palestine and Lilly, 13, to England in 1939. Moritz was on the board of the Reich Association of Jews in Germany, created by the Nazi government in February 1939 to organize Jewish affairs. The Association was eventually forced to assist with deportations. ...

  8. Star of David badge imprinted Jude worn by a German Jew

    1. Hildegard and Moritz Henschel collection

    Star of David badge worn by Moritz or Hildegard Henschel who were deported from Berlin to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in June 1943. Moritz was an influential lawyer in Berlin when Hitler came to power in Germany in January 1933. As government persecution of Jews intensified, Moritz and Hildegard sent their daughters Marianne, 15, to Palestine and Lilly, 13, to England in 1939. Moritz was on the board of the Reich Association of Jews in Germany, created by the Nazi government in February 1939 to organize Jewish affairs. The Association was eventually forced to assist with deportations. ...

  9. Star of David badge imprinted Jude worn by a German Jew

    1. Hildegard and Moritz Henschel collection

    Star of David badge worn by Moritz or Hildegard Henschel who were deported from Berlin to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in June 1943. Moritz was an influential lawyer in Berlin when Hitler came to power in Germany in January 1933. As government persecution of Jews intensified, Moritz and Hildegard sent their daughters Marianne, 15, to Palestine and Lilly, 13, to England in 1939. Moritz was on the board of the Reich Association of Jews in Germany, created by the Nazi government in February 1939 to organize Jewish affairs. The Association was eventually forced to assist with deportations. ...

  10. Star of David badge imprinted Jude worn by a German Jew

    1. Hildegard and Moritz Henschel collection

    Star of David badge worn by Moritz or Hildegard Henschel who were deported from Berlin to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in June 1943. Moritz was an influential lawyer in Berlin when Hitler came to power in Germany in January 1933. As government persecution of Jews intensified, Moritz and Hildegard sent their daughters Marianne, 15, to Palestine and Lilly, 13, to England in 1939. Moritz was on the board of the Reich Association of Jews in Germany, created by the Nazi government in February 1939 to organize Jewish affairs. The Association was eventually forced to assist with deportations. ...

  11. Star of David badge imprinted Jude worn by a German Jew

    1. Hildegard and Moritz Henschel collection

    Star of David badge worn by Moritz or Hildegard Henschel who were deported from Berlin to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in June 1943. Moritz was an influential lawyer in Berlin when Hitler came to power in Germany in January 1933. As government persecution of Jews intensified, Moritz and Hildegard sent their daughters Marianne, 15, to Palestine and Lilly, 13, to England in 1939. Moritz was on the board of the Reich Association of Jews in Germany, created by the Nazi government in February 1939 to organize Jewish affairs. The Association was eventually forced to assist with deportations. ...

  12. Star of David badge printed Jude worn by a German Jewish woman

    1. Emma Jonas family collection

    Star of David badge worn by Emma Jonas, circa 1942, in Berlin, Germany, to identify her as a Jew. The Star was carefully cut out and handstitched so the outline shows on the front as required. The Nazi regime decreed on September 1941 that Jews must wear Judenstern at all times to humiliate them and mark them as outcasts from German society. After Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, Emma, her husband Martin, and daughter Helga, 13, tried but failed to get visas for the family to leave Berlin. They then got Helga passage on a Kindertransport to England on March 2, 1939. Emma and Martin were ...

  13. Star of David badge printed Juif worn by a Jew in France

    1. Witek and Wiera Sierpinska collection

    Star of David badge given to Dr. Witek Sierpinski after June 1942 by a Jewish friend who had worn it in France. After the German occupation of Poland in 1939, Witek worked in a psychiatric hospital in Lvov, Poland (Lʹviv, Ukraine). In November 1941, he moved to the Warsaw ghetto and joined the Towarzystwo Ochrony Zdrowia Ludnosci Zydowskiej w Polsce (TOZ), a ghetto health organization that helped the sick and starving. A former co-worker got him out of the ghetto. By 1942, he was active in various Polish resistance groups, particularly the Armia Ludowa [People’s Guard] (AL). He recruited me...

  14. Star of David badge with Jude for Jew worn by a young woman assigned to forced labor

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Yellow cloth Star of David badge worn by Ruth Kittel, her sister, Hannelore, or their Jewish mother, Marie, while living with their Catholic father Josef under the Nazi dictatorship in Berlin, Germany. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked up government mandated Judenstern from the Office of the Jewish Organization because she, Hannelore, 17, and Maria had to wear one at all times to identify themselves as Jewish. In spring 1942, her Jewish school closed, and Ruth had to register as a forced laborer with the Work Office for Jews. In November, Ruth was assigned to the Osram light bu...

  15. Star of David badge with Jude for Jew worn by a young woman assigned to forced labor

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Yellow cloth Star of David badge worn by Ruth Kittel, her sister, Hannelore, or their Jewish mother, Marie, while living with their Catholic father Josef under the Nazi dictatorship in Berlin, Germany. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked up government mandated Judenstern from the Office of the Jewish Organization because she, Hannelore, 17, and Maria had to wear one at all times to identify themselves as Jewish. In spring 1942, her Jewish school closed, and Ruth had to register as a forced laborer with the Work Office for Jews. In November, Ruth was assigned to the Osram light bu...

  16. Star of David badge with Jude for Jew worn by a young woman assigned to forced labor

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Yellow cloth Star of David badge worn by Ruth Kittel, her sister, Hannelore, or their Jewish mother, Marie, while living with their Catholic father Josef under the Nazi dictatorship in Berlin, Germany. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked up government mandated Judenstern from the Office of the Jewish Organization because she, Hannelore, 17, and Maria had to wear one at all times to identify themselves as Jewish. In spring 1942, her Jewish school closed, and Ruth had to register as a forced laborer with the Work Office for Jews. In November, Ruth was assigned to the Osram light bu...

  17. Star of David badge with Jude for Jew worn by a young woman assigned to forced labor

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Yellow cloth Star of David badge worn by Ruth Kittel, her sister, Hannelore, or their Jewish mother, Marie, while living with their Catholic father Josef under the Nazi dictatorship in Berlin, Germany. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked up government mandated Judenstern from the Office of the Jewish Organization because she, Hannelore, 17, and Maria had to wear one at all times to identify themselves as Jewish. In spring 1942, her Jewish school closed, and Ruth had to register as a forced laborer with the Work Office for Jews. In November, Ruth was assigned to the Osram light bu...

  18. Star of David badge with Jude worn by a German Jewish man

    1. Alfred Fabian collection

    Star of David badge printed Jude, German for Jew, worn by Alfred Fabian in Berlin, Germany, from September 1941 to May 1943. On September 1, 1941, Jews were required to wear these badges to humiliate and separate them from the general public. On May 17, 1943, Alfred, wife Ruth, 5 year old daughter Ingrid, and Alfred’s mother Erna were deported to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in Czechoslovakia. On October 12, 1944, the family was sent to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center, where Ruth, Ingrid, and Erna were gassed on arrival. On November 19, 1944, Alfred was sent to Niederorschel slave lab...

  19. Star of David badge with Jude worn by a German Jewish youth

    1. Fritz P. Gluckstein collection

    Star of David badge worn by Fritz Gluckstein, circa 1941-1945, in Berlin, Germany. On September 1941, the Nazi regime issued a decree that Jews must wear Judenstern at all times to mark them as outcasts from German society. Fritz's Hebrew class discussed the meaning, embarrassment, and consequences, such as arrest, if caught without it, and what to do if they were attacked. His mother prepared and applied the patches. They had to be sewn tightly on the left and officials would use pencils to try to get behind the star. Fritz was the son of a Jewish father and a Christian mother, Georg and H...

  20. Star of David badge with Jude worn by a Jewish Czech woman

    1. Elizabeth Trausel family collection

    Star of David badge worn by Elisabeth (Liese) Trausel in German occupied Prague following the September 1, 1941 order requiring Jews in Czechoslovakia to wear the Yellow Star of David badge at all times. The badge has pins sewn in to allow for easy removal from clothing so as to not be identified as a Jew. This allowed Liese to partake in actions that were prohibited for Jews such as crossing streets which were not open to Jews or taking trips by street car. Prague was invaded in March 1939, by Germany and made part of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The authorities passed new anti...