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Displaying items 47,941 to 47,960 of 55,889
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  1. Martin B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Martin B., who was born in Izbica, Poland in 1925, one of eight children. He recalls their poverty; his father's great Jewish scholarship; their orthodoxy; antisemitism at public school; German invasion; deportation to Poznan? with one brother; slave labor; organizing to remain with others from Izbica; sharing stolen food; transfer a year later to Birkenau; volunteering with his brother as tailors; transfer to Jaworzno after a few weeks; a privileged job due to his small size; public hanging of escapees; contemplating suicide; his brother encouraging him to "hang on";...

  2. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Katarina B., a Catholic Romani, who was born in Kúty, Czechoslovakia (presently Slovakia) in 1928. She recalls a teacher who encouraged Romani children to attend school; learning to read; formation of the Slovak Republic resulting in persecution of Romanies and Jews, particularly by Hlinka guards and the police; hearing of the deportation of the three Jewish families from her village; frequent beatings and extreme poverty; hiding in the forest and with her future husband in Brodské; liberation by Soviet troops; former Hlinka guards receiving no punishment and living...

  3. Anna H. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Anna H., who was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia in 1928. She recalls her assimilated life; German invasion; her sister's marriage and transport to Terezi?n in 1941, followed by her and her parents in 1942; educational and cultural activities in Terezi?n; the Jewish leadership's decision to provide extra rations for children; her niece's birth in 1943; deportation to Auschwitz in 1944 and her promise to her sister to care for their parents; transfer from the family camp to Christianstadt (she never saw her parents again); a German foreman who allowed a woman who had ju...

  4. Niusia A. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Niusia A., who was born in Krako?w, Poland, circa 1924. She describes the changes caused by the German takeover of Poland; her family's move to the nearby town of Bochnia; the ghettoization of Bochnia and the subsequent liquidation of the ghetto; and her and her mother's return to Krako?w to avoid deportation (her father had died before the war). She also tells of living on the Aryan side in Warsaw and her journey from Warsaw to Budapest, where she remained until the German invasion of Hungary; her capture while trying to escape to Romania; and her detention in a Roma...

  5. Eitan G. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Eitan G., who was born in Vienna, Austria in 1920, one of five children. He recounts attending school; participating in Po'alei Zion and other Zionist groups; fights with pro-Nazi youths; emigration to Belgium in 1935; traveling with his father to Marseille in an unsuccessful attempt to emigrate to the United States; German invasion in 1940; incarceration with his father as enemy aliens in St. Cyprien, then Gurs; their release; living in a village near Toulouse; studying chemistry at the university in Montepellier; obtaining papers as a non-Jew; joining the Mouvement ...

  6. Ester D. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Ester D., who was born in Greece, in 1935, the third child of six. She recounts living in Zakynthos; cordial relations with non-Jews; a brother's death from illness; benign Italian occupation; moving to a nearby village with her father; German invasion; anti-Jewish restrictions; delivering messages for the partisans; Greek neighbors protecting them from round-ups; public hangings of partisans; non-Jews warning them when Germans were approaching and locking themselves inside; liberation by partisans; moving to Athens for six months; illegal emigration by ship to Palest...

  7. Pearl D. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Pearl D., who was born in 1929. She recalls attending Hungarian school; cordial relations with non-Jews prior to 1938; her parents sheltering her from any unpleasantness; having to wear the yellow star; ghettoization in another town; transport seven weeks later to Auschwitz; separation from her family except her older sister; transfer to a slave labor camp; her sister doing part of her work; a German guard giving them extra food; transfer six months later to Bergen-Belsen; no provision of food or water; her sister keeping her alive; liberation by British troops; her s...

  8. Lydia P. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Lydia P., who was born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (presently Slovakia) in 1933, an only child. She recalls her parents working in their antique shop; being cared for by a nanny who taught her English; speaking German with her parents; her family's orthodoxy; visits to her maternal grandparents in Bánovce nad Bebravou for Jewish holidays; harassment after the formation of the Slovak state; living with her grandparents and attending a Jewish school (it was safer there); returning to her parents; confiscation of their store; hiding with her parents in 1942; their dep...

  9. Helena S., Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Helena S., a Catholic Romani, who was born in Giraltovce, Czechoslovakia (presently Slovakia) in 1918. She recalls working as a housekeeper for a Jewish family; cordial relations with non-Romanies; marriage; the births of children; persecution of Jews and Romanies by Hlinka guards; her husband's arrest and deportation; begging for food since she had no means of support; Germans deporting the Jews and assaulting and killing Romanies; hiding in the woods with her children; her husband's return after the war; his one-year recuperation; and former Hlinka guards leaving to...

  10. Eta P. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Eta P., who was born in Bardejov, Czechoslovakia (presently Slovakia) in 1921, the oldest of five children. She recalls her family's orthodoxy; a large extended family in Bardejov; attending public school; expulsion in 1939 due to anti-Jewish regulations; confiscation of their home and business; hiding during round-ups for deportation; one sister escaping to Hungary; round-up with her sisters to Poprad in early 1942; deportation to Auschwitz/Birkenau; a cousin greeting them; brief hospitalization; the trauma of her sister's selection for gassing; assignment sorting cl...

  11. Yitzhak P. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Yitzhak P., who was born in 1906 in Recklinghausen, Germany, the oldest of four children. He recounts his father's service in World War I; living briefly under French occupation; participating in Maccabi; his father's death in 1928; emigration of two brothers to Palestine in 1930; working on a Zionist training farm in Neuendorf; anti-Jewish boycotts; his mother's paralysis; working in Gelsenkirchen; losing his job after Kristallnacht; forced labor in Paderborn; his mother's death in 1941; deportation to Auschwitz; slave labor in Buna/Monowitz; sharing extra food recei...

  12. Ruth E. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Ruth E., who was born in Ostrava, Czechoslovakia in 1922, one of two sisters. She recalls her parents' divorce; living with her paternal grandmother, then an uncle and aunt; their affluence; attending Jewish school, a German high school, then boarding school in Opava; participating in Maccabi; German occupation; anti-Jewish restrictions; she and her sister hiding with relatives; joining their father in Brno, then a nearby village; living with a farmer, using false papers (she later learned they knew they were Jews); deportation to Theresienstadt in April 1942; marriag...

  13. Fred B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Fred B., who was born in Krumbach, Germany. He recalls his family's roots there since the sixteenth century; attending high school in Ulm, then ORT training in Munich; rising antisemitism beginning in 1933; obtaining a visa to emigrate to Cuba; sailing on the St. Louis in May 1939 (his parents and sisters were to join him); socializing en route with Fred H. and others; all the passengers being prevented from disembarking in Cuba; sailing around the Caribbean and southern Florida; returning to Europe; passenger watches to prevent others from committing suicide; disemba...

  14. Bernice S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Bernice S., who was born in ?o?dz?, Poland, in 1919. She describes the humiliation of her father after the German occupation; the ghettoization of ?o?dz?; and conditions in the ?o?dz? ghetto. She explains that, since her grandfather was a member of the Judenrat and knew H?ayim Rumkowski, for a time members of her family were able to obtain extra food and to evade round-ups. Mrs. S. speaks of the liquidation of the ghetto and tells how she managed to save herself by crawling into the hole of a latrine. She describes her deportation to Auschwitz along with her mother an...

  15. Eliška K. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Eliška K., who was born in Přerov, Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in 1912. She describes her father's draft in 1914; attending Jewish, then Czech, school after the republic was established; antisemitic discrimination; studying at the Prague Conservatory; her brother, Gideon Klein, joining her; her mother joining them; German occupation; anti-Jewish restrictions; traveling to Vienna as a resistance courier; hiding people; her father's death in 1940; her sister's and brother-in-law's arrest; her brother's deportation to Theresienstadt in December 1941; deportation there wi...

  16. Joseph L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Joseph L., who was born in Baranavichy, Belarus in 1935. He recalls Soviet occupation in 1939; German invasion in June 1941; ghettoization; the appointment of friends to the Judenrat; transfer of his father to Koldychevo as head physician; his mother's transfer there; remaining in the ghetto with his grandmother; round-ups; being brought to Koldychevo by his mother; his father's privileged position; contact with Fritz Jo?rn, the camp commander, who was executed after the war; witnessing gassings of prisoners, public hangings, and a mass killing; his father smuggling m...

  17. Jelica S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Jelica S., who was born in Zagreb in 1916 to an assimilated family. She recalls her father's death; her sister's chronic illness; attending gymnasium; marriage to a non-Jewish Serb in 1936; attending university in Belgrade; her husband preventing her from registering as a Jew; returning to Zagreb; Jewish persecution by the Ustaša government; having to register as a Jew and wear the star; traveling to Belgrade using a government document; her husband sending her to relatives in Subjel; wonderful treatment by his family and local peasants (they all knew she was Jewish...

  18. Chaja V. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Chaja V., who was born in Maarsbergen, Netherlands in 1941. She notes having no memories of her early childhood and relates her experiences which she learned from others: being the fourth child; separation of her family in hiding; being placed with a non-Jewish family in Leiden in 1943; arrest of her rescuers in 1944; her incarceration in Westerbork, Bergen-Belsen, and Theresienstadt; being found by her mother after the war; recuperating in Switzerland in 1946; learning her father was killed as a resistant; extreme poverty; emigration to Israel in 1961; studying in Au...

  19. Ketty L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Ketty L., who was born in Athens, Greece in 1914. In addition to information included in a previously recorded testimony (HVT-926), Mrs. L. recalls cordial relations with non-Jews; celebrating Jewish holidays; the famine affecting all Greeks when they were hiding; helping others in Bergen-Belsen; group prayers in their barrack on Yom Kippur; attempts by United States troops to prevent the spread of typhus after liberation; and learning of the death camps and the murder of many relatives. She discusses continuing sadness and anger over the deaths of so many she knew; s...

  20. Norman T. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Norman T., who enlisted in the British military in early 1940. He discusses training; landing in Europe in June 1944; arriving in Celle, Germany on April 14, 1945; learning Bergen-Belsen concentration camp was nearby; arrival there on April 15; being overwhelmed with piles of rotting corpses and the condition of the prisoners; encountering Josef Kramer, the Kommandant; providing food for the prisoners, not realizing it would kill them; a large number of deaths; interrogating Kramer and others; wanting to shoot him and other guards but restraining himself based on his ...