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Displaying items 45,761 to 45,780 of 55,889
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  1. Irene S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Irene S., who was born near Warsaw, Poland in 1921. She recounts her father's difficulty earning a living as a physician in ?o?dz? due to antisemitism; attending music conservatory in ?o?dz?, then in Warsaw in 1938; antisemitic incidents; unsuccessfully attempting to emigrate to Palestine; her father's draft into the Polish army; German invasion; fleeing to Warsaw; hiding using false papers; joining her mother in the Warsaw ghetto to avoid exposure; moving to the Piotrko?w Trybunalski ghetto with her mother with help from a Polish friend; avoiding separation from her ...

  2. Lea W. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Lea W., who was born in Mannheim, Germany in 1932. She recalls her warm and observant family; arrest of her father and grandfather on Kristallnacht; their release from Dachau a few months later; her grandfather's emigration to the United States; attending Jewish school in Heidelberg; hiding with her sister in a Catholic kindergarten in Ladenburg; deportation with her family to Gurs in 1940; being removed with her sister from the camp (they never saw their parents again); living in an OSE orphanage; learning her parents had been deported; placement with her sister with...

  3. Eric M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Eric M., who was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1907, one of five brothers. He recalls attending public school; his father's death; receiving a business degree in 1930, then a law degree in 1933; the Anschluss; efforts to obtain emigration documents for him and his mother (his brothers had emigrated earlier); incarceration in a school on May 28, 1938; transfer to Dachau; assistance from a non-Jewish prisoner when he fainted during appell (roll-call); arduous slave labor; assistance from his father's former business competitor; transfer to Buchenwald; obtaining a visa fro...

  4. Jack B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Jack B., who was born in ?o?dz?, Poland in 1930. He recounts his father's career as a concert violinist; attending public school; piano lessons; German invasion; ghettoization; forced labor in factories; relatives dying of starvation and disease; deportation with his parents and younger brother to Auschwitz/Birkenau in summer 1944; separation from his mother and younger brother (he never saw them again); remaining with his father; their transfer to Gleiwitz; slave labor digging ditches; his father's death in November; a death march to Blechhammer; liberation by Soviet...

  5. Frances H. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Frances H., who was born in Hungary in 1918. She recalls her childhood in Moha?cs; not attending university due to anti-Jewish quotas; moving to Budapest with her family in 1935; marriage; her brother, father, and husband being drafted into Hungarian forced labor battalions; learning of her brother's death in 1943; German invasion; traveling with her mother to join her father-in-law per her husband's instructions; their arrest; incarceration in Kistarcsa; psychological devastation when her mother had to undress in front of young policemen; deportation to Auschwitz/Bir...

  6. Esther L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Esther L., who was born in Munich, Germany in 1926. She recounts visits from her father who worked in Pirmasens; attending a Jewish school; Jewish holidays with her maternal grandparents; belonging to Betar; Kristallnacht; assistance from their non-Jewish neighbors; joining her father in Holland in 1939 with her mother and sister; her father arranging her grandparents' illegal immigration to Brussels; attending school in Tilburg; German invasion in 1940; attending high school in Rotterdam, then in Oss; the Tilburg police chief warning her parents of a deportation; obt...

  7. Nelly G. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Nelly G., who was born in Berlin in 1930, an only child. She recounts that her mother was Czech and her father Hungarian; their orthodoxy; her mother's siblings joining them; her aunt caring for her while her mother worked; visiting both sets of grandparents with her mother when she was five; her aunt's marriage and birth of her cousin, whom she considered her sister; attending a religious school; increasing antisemitism and anti-Jewish restrictions; her father's trip to the United States in 1938 to visit his siblings and arrange for her and her mother to join him; he...

  8. Fridrich B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Fridrich B., who was born in Lúky, Czechslovakia (presently Slovakia) in 1919. He recalls his family bakery; their orthodoxy, particularly his grandfather; confiscation of the bakery in late 1939 due to anti-Jewish laws; draft for forced labor in January 1940; working in Sabinov, Nováky, Prešov, Bratislava, Liptovský Hrádok, and Kežmarok; release and returning home in 1942; an evangelical warning him to flee and providing false papers; deciding to remain with his parents; deportation a few days later to Žilina, then Auschwitz/Birkenau; observing corpses everywh...

  9. Szapsia S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Szapsia S., who was born in Tomaszów Mazowiecki, Poland in 1925 the oldest of four children. He recalls his large, close extended family; antisemitic violence; his father's military draft in 1939; German invasion; briefly seeing his father with other POWs; learning he had been murdered in a mass shooting; his mother sending him to his great aunt; forced labor; a brief visit to his family (he never saw them again); deportation of his aunt and relatives; living with his cousin in a ghetto; a non-Jewish worker providing him with extra food; friendship with two prisoners...

  10. Reva S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Reva S., who was born in S?iauliai, Lithuania in 1927. She recalls ghettoization in 1941; mining peat and digging ditches as a forced laborer; extreme hunger; moving to the Trakai ghetto; deportation of her grandparents and youngest sister; her father's escape from the ghetto (she never saw him again); and deportation to Stutthof with her mother and sister. Mrs. S. describes futile efforts to help her sister avoid selection; transfer with her mother to Elbing, then five months later to Neumarkt; assistance from Italian prisoners of war; transfer to jail; a death march...

  11. Thomas F. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Thomas F., who was born in Illinois. He describes growing up with Jewish friends; his indignation upon encountering antisemitism in college; naval service in the Pacific, then in the Department of Special Assignments in the Bureau of Naval Ordinance in Washington; being assigned to "confirm unusual circumstances discovered" in Ohrdruf in April 1945; shock and horror upon observing stacks of emaciated bodies; returning to the United States; submitting a written report; and new assignments. Mr. F. discusses learning about concentration camps in the press and connecting ...

  12. Rella W. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Rella W., who was born in Mukacheve, Czechoslovakia in 1921, the oldest of eight children. She recalls her family's Hasidism; attending a Czech school; a large and close extended family; Hungarian occupation; one brother's conscription into a Hungarian slave labor battalion; ghettoization; obtaining false papers as a non-Jew; traveling to Budapest; arrest upon arrival; release to a ghetto the next day; deportation to Auschwitz; transfer to Płaszów; slave labor building roads; local prisoners sharing food; transfer back to Auschwitz four months later; seeing her siste...

  13. Ester S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Ester S., who was born in Šal̕a, Czechoslovakia (presently Slovakia) in 1927, the second of four children. She recounts a wonderful childhood; attending a Jewish school, then public high school; her uncle's emigration to Palestine in 1938; Hungarian occupation; antisemitic harassment by classmates; anti-Jewish restrictions resulting in termination of her father's job in 1942; knitting socks to help support the family; her father's arrest; visiting him in Trnovec; his release; visiting relatives in Nové Zámky; meeting her future husband; his draft into a Hungarian s...

  14. Mary L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Mary L., who was born in I?a?mbol, Bulgaria in 1929. She recalls her comfortable, traditional childhood; her family's deep roots in Bulgaria; learning Ladino; attending Hebrew, then Bulgarian, schools; membership in Maccabi; expulsion in 1939 of foreign Jews, among them an uncle and cousins; antisemitic laws, including confiscation of the family business; the atmosphere of fear when visiting her aunt in Sofia; involvement in underground activities through her cousin (she later discovered they were communist directed); close friendship with other Jewish youth; their so...

  15. Thomas H. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Thomas H., who was born in Bus?k, Poland in 1929. He recalls a large, extended family; Soviet occupation in 1939; German invasion in 1941; ghettoization; forced labor recruitment by the Judenrat; hiding during a round-up in fall 1942; building hiding places; his father and brother being caught during a round-up in May 1943; escaping with his mother and aunt; hiding in a village, the forest, and with a Polish woman; learning from others hiding there that his father and brother had been killed; a police raid (others in hiding were caught); the Polish woman taking them t...

  16. Bella C. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Bella C., who was born in Warsaw, Poland in 1922. She describes her family's prewar life; German occupation; serious injuries from being beaten by a German while trying to protect her mother; fleeing with her father and her younger sister to Bia?ystok to obtain medical attention (she lost an eye); meeting her future husband; traveling with her father and future husband to Omsk; marriage; birth of her daughter; working as a waitress; her husband's return to Omsk after a year of service in the Soviet army; returning to Poland; learning her mother and sisters had been ki...

  17. Karl P. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Karl P., who was born in Grodziec, Poland in 1917. He recalls working in the family business; cordial relations with non-Jews; German invasion; anti-Jewish laws; volunteering for a labor camp in February 1940 to meet his family's quota; deportation to Jeles?nia; sharing packages from home with fellow prisoners; volunteering for transfer to K?obuck in 1941; visiting his sister with assistance from a German; the German helping him to avoid punishment and obtain an easier job; assistance from a Polish guard; losing contact with his parents in 1942 (he never saw them agai...

  18. Edward S. and Frank S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Edward S., who was born in Warsaw, Poland in 1920 and is accompanied by his friend Frank S. He describes his education in Warsaw, moving to Bia?ystok and L?vov; aspiring to be a poet and writer; participation in a literary circle in L?vov which included Frank S.; escape from liquidation of the L?vov ghetto; hiding on Frank S.' balcony; pretending to be a German Jew to acquire a job; escape from the ghetto dressed as a German soldier; running and hiding; and being caught and sent to Buchenwald. He relates his experiences in Buchenwald from 1943 until liberation in Apri...

  19. Aladar M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Aladar M., who was born in Ti?rgu-La?pus?, Romania in 1927. He describes Hungarian occupation in 1940; anti-Jewish restrictions; German occupation in 1944; deportation with his parents and three brothers to Dej; living for three weeks in a forest camp; separation from his parents and youngest brother upon arrival in Birkenau (he never saw them again); transfer with his oldest brother to Longwy-Thil to build a factory; his indifference upon learning of D-Day; harsh conditions working in a salt mine in Kochendorf in the fall of 1944; transport with his brother to Dachau...

  20. Manfred M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Manfred M., who was born in Marxheim, Germany in 1919, one of two children. He recounts living with his grandparents; moving to Ho?chst an der Nidder in 1933; the erosion of his friendships with non-Jews; being stoned; expulsion from school in 1935 (he was the only Jewish student); working in a shoe factory; receiving an affidavit from relatives in the United States; emigrating to the United States via Hamburg in 1936; meeting his future wife in 1937 (also a German-Jewish e?migre?); working hard to have his parents, sister, and grandparents join him in 1938, following...