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Displaying items 44,561 to 44,580 of 55,889
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  1. Erich G. Holocaust testimony

    Erich G., a survivor of the Holocaust, teaches a course on the Holocaust at Harvard University. In this interview Professor G. speaks as a scholar and educator rather than as a survivor. He discusses the unprecedented, almost universal sadism of the Nazis, the uncharacteristically violent behavior of many Jews, and the difficulties in accounting for the occurrence of this world of extreme cruelty and aggressiveness. He compares and contrasts the psychology of the executioners and their victims. The necessity for and difficulty of maintaining clinical detachment in Holocaust scholarship are ...

  2. Peter B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Peter B., who was born in Cologne, Germany in 1920. He recalls his father's socialist activities; his mother's death in 1935; his family fleeing to Antwerp; his father's death while a physician in the Spanish Civil War; his brother's service in Spain; working in Brussels, then France; incarceration after war began in 1939; release; joining the Resistance; obtaining false papers; organizing a children's home near Montpellier with assistance from Cardinal Pierre Gerlier; imprisonments and escapes; arrest at the children's home; incarceration in Vénissieux, then Drancy ...

  3. Moishe H. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Moishe H., who was born in Zawiercie, Poland in 1917, the third of eight children. He recalls his orthodox family; his and his father's Zionist activities; conscription into the Polish army in January 1939; capture by the Germans; escaping to Zawiercie; and taking his father's place for forced labor. Mr. H. describes experiences in Auenrode, Gross Sarne, Gross Pogul, Kittlitztreben, Bunzlau and other camps including sabotaging machines and slowing down the work; his sister's visit; receiving mail and packages from home; sending bread to his younger brother in a nearby...

  4. Naoimi W. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Naomi W., who was born in Volodymyr-Volynsʹkyĭ, Poland (presently Ukraine) in 1933, the elder of two sisters. She recounts her family's orthodoxy; attending kindergarten; Soviet occupation in 1939; German invasion in 1941; ghettoization; mass shootings of Jews in September 1942; hiding with her family for about two weeks; placement in another ghetto; hiding with a non-Jew in a nearby village; escaping when the village was bombed and burned in winter 1944; her sister being shot; her parents and uncles finding shelter for them in other villages; Soviet liberation in Ju...

  5. Otto S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Otto S., who was born in Topol̕čany, Czechoslovakia (presently Slovakia) in 1924, one of two brothers. He recounts his father's career as a judge; moving to Nové Zámky, then Nitra due to his father's transfers; attending a Jewish school from 1930-1934, then a secular school; cordial relations with non-Jews; anti-Jewish discrimination beginning with Slovak independence; harassment by non-Jewish students; his teacher's dismissal for defending the Jewish students; joining Hashomer Hatzair and Maccabi; living on a hachsharah between 1940 and 1941; returning home; his f...

  6. Jolana R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Jolana R., a Romani, who was born in Roštár, Czechoslovakia (presently Slovakia) in 1928, the eldest child. She recounts not being able to attend school because she had to cook and care for younger siblings starting at age eight; her mother refusing to give her food resulting in her having to beg; working with builders from age nine; a German soldier dying from a gunshot near her home; having to billet seven or eight Romanian soldiers in their house; pervasive fear during the war; marriage at age seventeen to escape her mother's abuse; her husband's abuse; building ...

  7. Pearl K. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Pearl K., who was born in Zwierzyniec, Poland in 1922 to a family of eight children. She recounts moving to Warsaw around 1925; their poverty; attending Jewish labor movement schools; the deaths of her mother, sister, and sister's child in the German bombardment; ghettoization; starvation, lice, lack of sanitation, and frequent deaths; working outside of Warsaw in a sanatorium for Jewish children; support from the Bund; obtaining false papers; hiding when the sanitorium was liquidated; returning to Warsaw with assistance from a Pole; acting as a courier for the underg...

  8. Sidonia B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Sidona B., who was born in 1924 in Ca?ra?s?eu, Romania, one of eight children. She recounts her family was Hasidic; her father serving as a shoh?et; attending public school; working on the family farm; delivering kosher butter to Satu Mare; her sister's marriage in 1937; Hungarian occupation; her brother's draft into a Hungarian slave labor battalion; round-up, then transfer to the Satu Mare ghetto in April 1944; deportation to Auschwitz in May; remaining with two sisters after selection (she never saw the rest of her family again); slave labor with two Czech women; d...

  9. Morris R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Morris R., who was born in Krosno, Poland in 1930. He recounts living in a village near Krosno; attending public school; antisemitic harassment; German invasion; his brother fleeing to Russia; deportation to the Krosno ghetto; his father's death from a beating; transfer to Rzeszo?w labor camp; escaping with his mother back to the Krosno ghetto; deportation to P?aszo?w (he never saw his mother again); slave labor in a shoe factory; transfer to Mauthausen, then Melk one month later; slave labor digging tunnels; a death march to Ebensee in 1945; Allied bombings; liberati...

  10. Fenya B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Fenya B., who was born in Odesa, Ukraine in 1932. She describes hiding from bombardments in catacombs during the German invasion; evacuation with her mother, brother, and aunt to Novorossii?sk; living for a month in Krasnodarskii? krai?; renting an apartment in Makhachkala; traveling to Tajikistan; living for six months near the Afghanistan border; traveling to live with her grandparents in Krasnoarme?isk; and returning to Odesa in 1944. Mrs. B. recalls attending school; marriage; the birth of her sons; and emigration to the United States.

  11. Ferdinand B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Ferdinand B., who was born in Sec̆ovce, Czechoslovakia (presently Slovakia) in 1921, one of six children. He recounts his family's orthodoxy; attending the local school; cordial relations with non-Jews; receiving religious instruction with his brother from a tutor; the whole town attending his bar mitzvah; anti-Jewish restrictions after Slovak independence; pervasive presence of Hlinka Guards; draft into the forced labor Sixth Battalion; working in tunnels in several locations, including Sabinov; being moved to Humenné, then Svätý Jur; remaining with a group from S...

  12. Sally K. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Sally K., who was born in Poland in 1927 and grew up in ?o?dz?. She recalls her happy youth as the eldest of six children; German invasion; a public hanging; transport with her father and siblings to Krako?w; smuggling themselves back to ?o?dz? to rejoin Mrs. K.'s mother; ghettoization; hiding during deportations; deportation with her family to Auschwitz in August 1944; separation from her mother and youngest siblings; hearing her father was alive; transfer twelve days later with two sister to Stutthof; frequent deaths including one sister's; a death march in February...

  13. Martin B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Martin B., who was born in Za?luzs, Czechoslovakia (presently Ukraine) in 1928. He describes his family farm; their orthodoxy; cordial relations with non-Jews; Hungarian occupation; deportation to the Munka?cs ghetto, then Auschwitz; briefly staying with his father; transfer as a slave laborer to coal mines; the death march to Gliwice; assistance from a prisoner when he could not walk; train transport to Nordhausen; forced labor in a V2 factory; transfer to Bergen-Belsen; liberation by British troops; some prisoners taking revenge; leaving with friends; replacing thei...

  14. Charles B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Charles B., who was drafted into the United States military in 1941. He recalls attending officer's training school; fighting in Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany; liberating Ohrdruf as part of the 89th Division; total lack of preparation for encountering a concentration camp; smelling it for two days prior to arrival; stacks of corpses; his strong physical response; liberating Weimar and Zwickau; former prisoners and U.S. troops killing German guards; assisting emaciated prisoners; and later interrogating German POWs.

  15. Albert M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Albert M., a well-known writer, who was born in Tunisia in 1920 to a family of eight children. He recounts the influence of his father's rigor and his mother's laughter, dancing, and singing; speaking Judeo-Arabic; his diverse neighborhood; joining a Marxist youth group that included Arabs and Jews at age twelve; attending a Jewish school which exposed him to French culture; German occupation in November 1942; his uncle being taken hostage; executions and rapes; a German officer forcing his father to make a bag from a piece of Torah scroll; forced labor in concentrati...

  16. Erika J. and Marvina E. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Marvina E. and her daughter, Erika J., who were born in Miskolc, Hungary in 1901 and 1928. They recall their sense of Hungarian identity; faith in the Horthy regime; disbelief that events in Germany and Poland would affect them; and German invasion in March 1944. Mrs. J. describes prewar antisemitic incidents; her uncles' draft into Hungarian labor battalions; German occupation; her brother's draft; ghettoization; confinement with her parents in a brick factory; her revulsion at the lack of sanitation; her grandfather's arrival; helping sick people and children; separ...

  17. Sarah M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Sarah M., who was born in Dereczyn, Poland (now Derechin, Belarus) in 1926, the fifth of eight children. She recounts her father's emigration to Paris in 1932; the family joining him in 1937; their poverty; difficulties as foreigners; German invasion; being harassed when wearing the required yellow star; her mother's arrest, imprisonment in Drancy, and release; and her mother separately hiding her children, hoping some would survive. Mrs. M. recalls working in a village until 1942 (everyone knew she was Jewish and assisted her); returning to her parents who were hidin...

  18. David R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of David R., who was born in Krako?w, Poland in 1925, the youngest of thirteen children. He recalls antisemitic violence; two siblings emigrating to the United States; German invasion; his father obtaining false papers for him; obtaining food for his family; the family's move to Szyd?owiec; smuggling goods to the Krako?w ghetto; traveling to Warsaw; briefly staying in a monastery; a failed bribery attempt to obtain one brother's release from a labor camp; escaping the liquidation of Szyd?owiec (he never saw his family again); witnessing deportation trains; traveling to t...

  19. Erich L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Erich L., who was born in Ostrava, Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (presently Czech Republic) in 1911, one of four children. He recounts attending German school; his father's death when he was nine; studying to be a window decorator, then working in 1930 as a decorative painter in Hamburg; experiencing antisemitism there; returning to Ostrava; working as a poster painter; participating in Tehelet-Lavan; military service; his uncle's emigration to Palestine; meeting his wife in 1934; marriage in Andrychów (her hometown) in 1937; his mother's deportation to Poland in 1938; m...

  20. Regina F. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Regina F., who was born in Warsaw, Poland in 1926. She recalls the family move to Aleksandro?w Kujawski; the successful family business; their affluent and happy life; antisemitic harassment; German invasion; returning to Warsaw; ghettoization in 1940; her father's and sister's deportation; her mother's and brother's deportation; going to Mila 18 in 1942 and discovering her grandmother and siblings, who had been hiding; hiding in a bunker; discovery and deportation to Majdanek with her sister; their transfer to Auschwitz; a guard allowing her sister to remain with her...