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Displaying items 21 to 40 of 82
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Language of Description: English
Language of Description: Multiple
Holding Institution: Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára

  1. Darányi Kálmán miniszterelnök iratai

    • Personal Files of Prime Ministers and other governmental officials: Kálmán Darányi

    Kálmán Darányi (1886-1939) was a politician who served as Minister of Agriculture and later as Prime Minister of Hungary (1936-1938), replacing the deceased Gyula Gömbös. In March 1938, the program of Győr, a massive program of military and infrastructural development, was initiated under his premiership. The program was conceived by Béla Imrédy, Minister of Economic Coordination who was to become his immediate successor. At first pursuing balancing acts, Darányi clearly shifted to the right in the latter parts of his premiership. He was to initiate the First Anti-Jewish Law that was eventu...

  2. Elhagyott Javak Kormánybiztosságának iratai

    • Records of the Government Commissariat for Abandoned Possessions

    The Government Commissariat for Abandoned Possessions was established by decree on March 11, 1945. Its aims were to aid those who were personally impacted by the destruction wrought by the war and the German occupation and lost their homes, wealth and basis of existence as well as to aid those who were deported and help their return. The Commissariat was also responsible for the supervision and maintainance of abandoned houses, landholdings, firms, flats and furniture. The possessions that were left behind without legal inheritors were used to compensate those who were deported. The Commiss...

  3. Földművelődésügyi Minisztérium, Általános iratok (1889-1944)

    • General Records of the Ministry of Agriculture (1889-1944)

    Besides the anti-Semitic laws introduced in Hungary in the late 1930s and early 1940s that were of a more general scope, there was also a more specific initiative to reduce the involvement of Jews in the sphere of agriculture with the aim of excluding them from the Hungarian soil. This drive found its major legal expression in law XV. of 1942, also called the fourth Jewish law. The collection titled General Records of the Ministry of Agriculture (1889-1944) contain the papers that were created during the operation of the chief departments of the Ministry of Agriculture. The papers have been...

  4. Földművelődésügyi Minisztérium, Elnöki iratok (1889-1944)

    • Presidential Records of the Ministry of Agriculture (1889-1944)

    Besides the anti-Semitic laws introduced in Hungary in the late 1930s and early 1940s that were of a more general scope, there was also a more specific initiative to reduce the involvement of Jews in the sphere of agriculture with the aim of excluding them from the Hungarian soil. This drive found its major legal expression in law XV. of 1942, also called the fourth Jewish law. The collection titled Presidential Records of the Ministry of Agriculture (1889-1944) contain the papers that were created at the Presidential Department (Elnöki Osztály) during these years. The subject of the papers...

  5. Gömbös Gyula miniszterelnöki iratai

    • Personal Files of Prime Ministers and other governmental officials: Gyula Gömbös

    Gyula Gömbös (1886-1936) was a politician and soldier, member of the Hungarian Parliament, Minister of Defense (1929-1932) and eventually Prime Minister of Hungary (1932-1936). During the 1920s, Gömbös oscillated between the governing party led by Prime Minister István Bethlen and a more radical race protectionist platform. Upon becoming Prime Minister, Gömbös announced a wideranging plan of reorganization with the aim of establishing a more modern and rightist authoritarian state, opposing the more liberally oriented conservative elite in particular. He reformed the army by giving posts to...

  6. Grazi konzulátus iratai, 1928-1945

    • Records of the Hungarian Consulate in Graz, 1928-1945

    Records of the Hungarian Consulate in Graz, the capital of the federal Austrian state of Styria contain considerable material concerning Hungarian Jews, especially from the months following the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany in March 1938. The bulk of the material documents the efforts of Hungarian authorities to secure the assets of the Hungarian Jews living in Nazi-occupied Austria. These records include various registries and reports concerning the property of the Hungarian Jews in Styria, documents on German-Hungarian negotiations on the wealth of Hungarian Jews and other anti-Je...

  7. Halla Aurél államtitkár iratai

    • Records of State Secretary Aurél Halla

    The overwhelming majority of the records of the Ministry of Trade and Transportation were destroyed during the siege of Budapest in 1944-45, when the main building of the ministry was destroyed by bomb attack. Therefore, the records of the ministry survived in other collections have special relevance for the study of the economic anti-Jewish policies in Hungary. State Secretary Aurél Halla was one of the key persons in the Ministry of Trade and Transportation responsible for the planning and implementation anti-Jewish legislation. Halla also worked for various companies, and he was an activ...

  8. Hungarista napló, 1944-1945

    • The Hungarist Journal, 1944-1945

    The collection holds the records of the activities and ideas of Ferenc Szálasi and his Arrow Cross Party from the origins of the movement in the 1930s until October, 1944, when the party assumed power. The material includes the pamphlets, speeches and other writings of Szálasi and other leaders and ideologues of the party, including Gábor Vajna, Emil Kovarcz, Gábor Kemény, Sándor Csia and Jenő Szőllősi, and Vilmos Kőfaragó-Gyelnik, notes on the history of the party, minutes of political meetings, circulars, flyers and other propaganda material, interviews and reports, bibliography and vario...

  9. Igazságügyminisztériumi Levéltár

    • Records of the Ministry of Justice

    The collection contains the documents of the central organs of the Ministry of Justice from 1867 till 1944, however, a highly significant part of the collection was destroyed by fire in 1956. The Hungarian Ministry of Justice had the main supervisory role over Hungarian courts, prosecutors, notaries, chambers of lawyers and their personnel, prisons and cases related to youth. The Ministry also played an important part in the preparation of laws and inheritance cases. Due to the aforementioned fire, only fragments of the original materials remain and many topics would prove practically unres...

  10. Imrédy Béla miniszterelnök iratai

    • Personal Files of Prime Ministers and other governmental officials: Béla Imrédy

    Béla Imrédy (1890-1946), Director of the Hungarian National Bank, Minister of Finance, Minister of Economic Coordination and subsequently Prime Minister of Hungary between 1938 and 1939. The first anti-Jewish law was adopted during his premiership. He initiated the Second Anti-Jewish Law in late 1938 that was meant to further limit the socioeconomic opportunities of Hungarian Jews and aimed to reduce Jewish involvement to a mere 6%. The law was eventually to be adopted under his successor Pál Teleki. In 1940, Imrédy left the governing party to launch his radical rightist party Party of Hung...

  11. Iparügyi Minisztérium általános iratai (1935-1948)

    • Records of the Ministry of Industry (1935-1948)

    The Ministry of Industry (Iparügyi Minisztérium) was established in 1935 and partially replaced the Ministry of Trade (Kereskedelemügyi Minisztérium) that had just been abolished. The Ministry of Industry was in operation between August 1, 1935 and April 4, 1945. During the last months of the Second World War and Arrow Cross rule, it no longer functioned on a regular basis. Unfortunately, the actual materials of the Ministry of Industry were destroyed during the battle for Budapest in the winter of 1944-1945. The collection therefore contains papers that were preserved at other ministries o...

  12. Kállay Miklós miniszterelnök iratai

    • Personal Files of Prime Ministers and other governmental officials: Miklós Kállay

    Miklós Kállay (1887-1967), politician, Minister of Agriculture in the cabinet of Gyula Gömbös who then served as Prime Minister of Hungary between 1942 and 1944. Kállay belonged among the more moderate members of the establishment but largely kept the ministers who served under his predecessor Bárdossy in their positions. His premiership was characterized by a new Hungarian foreign policy aimed at the cautious distancing of the country from Nazi Germany and the initiation of negotiations with the Western Allies, especially Great Britain. Hungary refused to deport its large Jewish population...

  13. Kárpátaljai Kormányzói Biztos Hivatalának iratai (1939-1944)

    • Records of the Office of the Regent Commissioner for Carpatho-Ruthenia (1939-1944)

    One of the territories Hungary (re)acquired from Czechoslovakia around the time of the latter's destruction was Carpatho-Ruthenia (known also as Subcarpathian Rus′ or Kárpátalja in Hungarian). The largest part of this territory was not integrated into the Hungarian county system but acquired its own Regent Commissariat. The territory has special significance for the history of the Holocaust in Hungary. In 1941, when Carpatho-Ruthenia became a staging area of the Hungarian army during its attack on the Soviet Union, the region soon became the site of the first mass deportations from Hungary....

  14. Képviselőház és nemzetgyűlés, 1861-1944: Elnöki és általános iratok

    • Lower House of Parliament and National Assembly, 1861-1944: Presidential and General Records

    The Lower House of the Hungarian Parliament was a centrally important stage for debates about the political behaviour, socioeconomic position and legal status of Jews in the late 1930s and early 1940s. The Hungarian Parliament was responsible for worsening anti-Semitic legislation in these years that gradually withdrew Jewish emancipation. The opinion that gained the upper hand in the parliamentary debates viewed Jews as a group opposed to the interests Hungariandom and was to define Jewry as a racial entity. The laws enacted gravely restricted the opportunities of Jewish citizens and incre...

  15. Kormányzó félhivatalos iratai

    • Semi-official Records of the Regent

    The collection holds the semi-official diplomatic records as well as private and family documents of Miklós Horthy, the Regent of Hungary between 1919 and 1944. The collection is divided into two main thematic groups: Records related to Internal Affairs and Foreign Affairs (I-II.) Files with relevance to the history of Hungarian Jews and the Holocaust include the letters of Prime Ministers Bethlen, Gömbös, Teleki and Bárdossy to Horthy (I.B), memorandum of the policy of the Imrédy government (I.C), various pro memoriae and letters on political parties and problems (I.D) and letters and prop...

  16. Körrendeletek (1867-1942)

    • Circular Decress (1867-1942)

    This collection includes circular decrees (körrendeletek) of the Ministry of Finance for the years 1867 to 1942. The last four to five years covered by the collection, i.e. the late 1930s and early 1940s, is relevant for the study of anti-Semitic radicalization in Hungary since the anti-Semitic policies of the times were initated not only by numerous major anti-Semitic laws adopted in Parliament but were also implemented through hundreds of decrees and such circulars from ministries with the Ministry of Finance playing a notable role. Circular decrees from those years may have had explicit ...

  17. Külföldieket Ellenőrző Országos Központi Hatóság Elnöki iratok, 1936-1944

    • Records of the Central National Authority for Controlling Foreigners Presidential Records, 1936-1944

    KEOKH records are relevant for the study of anti-Semitic radicalization and the Holocaust in Hungary for two chief reasons: it typically suspected foreigners and its reports on the raid it held tend to list the number of Jews concerned and expelled. In certain cases, so called Ostjuden are mentioned separately in these reports. Second, in 1941, KEOKH initiated and implemented the deportation of Jews from Hungary who could not prove their citizenship to newly occupied Galicia. This Hungarian anti-Jewish action eventually led to the first Nazi mass murder with over 10 000 victims. The collect...

  18. Külföldieket Ellenőrző Országos Központi Hatóság Reservált iratok 1933-1944

    • Records of the National Central Authority for Controlling Foreigners Classified Records, 1933-1944

    KEOKH records are relevant for the study of anti-Semitic radicalization and the Holocaust in Hungary for two chief reasons: it typically suspected foreigners and its reports on the raid it held tend to list the number of Jews concerned and expelled. In certain cases, so called Ostjuden are mentioned separately in these reports. Second, in 1941, KEOKH initiated and implemented the deportation of Jews from Hungary who could not prove their citizenship to newly occupied Galicia. This Hungarian anti-Jewish action eventually led to the first Nazi mass murder with over 10 000 victims. The collect...

  19. Külföldieket Ellenőrző Országos Központi Hatóság, Általános iratok, 1931-1944

    • Records of the Central National Authority for Controlling Foreigners, General Records, 1931-1944

    KEOKH records are relevant for the study of anti-Semitic radicalization and the Holocaust in Hungary for two chief reasons: it typically suspected foreigners and its reports on the raid it held tend to list the number of Jews concerned and expelled. In certain cases, so called Ostjuden are mentioned separately in these reports. Second, in 1941, KEOKH initiated and implemented the deportation of Jews from Hungary who could not prove their citizenship to newly occupied Galicia. This Hungarian anti-Jewish action eventually led to the first Nazi mass murder with over 10 000 victims. The collect...

  20. Külügyminiszter Kabinetjének iratai (1918-1944)

    • Records of the Cabinet of the Foreign Minister (1918-1944)

    The Cabinet of the Hungarian Foreign Ministry was responsible for presenting matters of foreign policy to the Council of Ministers as well as addressing internal matters that concerned the Foreign Minister as a member of the government. The Cabinet also prepared laws proposed in Parliament that belonged to the realm of foreign policy, parliamentary inquiries and ministerial decisions. The Cabinet also arranged meetings of foreigners with the Regent who did not have diplomatic status in Budapest. Last but not least, the Cabinet served as the secretariat of the Ministry.