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Displaying items 6,101 to 6,120 of 6,679
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Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. Star of David badge with Jude for Jew worn by a young woman assigned to forced labor

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Yellow cloth Star of David badge worn by Ruth Kittel, her sister, Hannelore, or their Jewish mother, Marie, while living with their Catholic father Josef under the Nazi dictatorship in Berlin, Germany. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked up government mandated Judenstern from the Office of the Jewish Organization because she, Hannelore, 17, and Maria had to wear one at all times to identify themselves as Jewish. In spring 1942, her Jewish school closed, and Ruth had to register as a forced laborer with the Work Office for Jews. In November, Ruth was assigned to the Osram light bu...

  2. Unused Star of David badge with Jude for Jew owned by a young woman assigned to forced labor

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Yellow cloth Star of David badge, not yet cut from square, received but not used by Ruth Kittel, her sister, Hannelore, or their Jewish mother, Marie, while living with their Catholic father Josef under the Nazi dictatorship in Berlin, Germany. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked up government mandated Judenstern from the Office of the Jewish Organization because she, Hannelore, 17, and Maria had to wear one at all times to identify themselves as Jewish. In spring 1942, her Jewish school closed, and Ruth had to register as a forced laborer with the Work Office for Jews. In Novemb...

  3. Star of David badge with Jude for Jew worn by a young woman assigned to forced labor

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Yellow cloth Star of David badge worn by Ruth Kittel, her sister, Hannelore, or their Jewish mother, Marie, while living with their Catholic father Josef under the Nazi dictatorship in Berlin, Germany. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked up government mandated Judenstern from the Office of the Jewish Organization because she, Hannelore, 17, and Maria had to wear one at all times to identify themselves as Jewish. In spring 1942, her Jewish school closed, and Ruth had to register as a forced laborer with the Work Office for Jews. In November, Ruth was assigned to the Osram light bu...

  4. Allied Military Authority currency, German ½ mark, acquired by a female forced laborer

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Allied military currency, 1/2 mark, acquired by Ruth Kittel while she and her sister, Hannelore, were living with their Jewish mother, Marie (Maria), and Catholic father, Josef, in Berlin, Germany, during the Holocaust. Military currency or occupation money was produced for use by military personnel in occupied territories. The notes for different currencies: lire, francs, kroner, marks, schillings, and yen, had similar designs for ease of production. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked-up government mandated Judenstern or Star of David badges from the Office of the Jewish Organi...

  5. Allied Military Authority currency, German 1 mark, acquired by a female forced laborer

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Allied military currency, 1 mark, acquired by Ruth Kittel while she and her sister, Hannelore, were living with their Jewish mother, Marie (Maria), and Catholic father, Josef, in Berlin, Germany, during the Holocaust. Military currency or occupation money was produced for use by military personnel in occupied territories. The notes for different currencies: lire, francs, kroner, marks, schillings, and yen, had similar designs for ease of production. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked-up government mandated Judenstern or Star of David badges from the Office of the Jewish Organiza...

  6. Waiting to pass the visit Pencil sketch of a seated man created by Boris Taslitzky in Buchenwald concentration camp

    1. Boris Taslitzky collection

    Drawing created by Boris Taslitzky in 1945 while he was a prisoner in Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany. It depicts a man in an overcoat, sitting on a bench. It was personally inscribed to a close friend in Paris after the war. Taslitzky joined the French military in August 1939 and served with the 101st Infantry Battalion. He was captured by the Germans in June 1940, but escaped and worked for the Resistance until recaptured in November 1941. He was sentenced to prison by a military tribunal for creating Communist propaganda. In 1944, he was deported to Buchenwald. Taslitzky recorde...

  7. Tremolo style Opera harmonica owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Salomon and Berg families collection

    Opera brand harmonica acquired by Alfred Berg as a child in Vienna, Austria before his emigration in 1939. The harmonica was made by the Max Spranger Company based in Brunndöbra, Germany. Alfred was a teenage boy living in Vienna with his parents and younger sister Charlotte when Germany annexed Austria in the Anschluss on March 13, 1938. German authorities quickly created new legislation that restricted Jewish life. Alfred was targeted by bullies because of his Jewish heritage and on November 9-10 during the Kristallnacht pogrom, his father was arrested and later released by local police. ...

  8. Morgenstern and Merkur families papers

    1. Morgenstern and Merkur families collection

    The collection documents the Holocaust experiences of the Morgenstern family of Barycz, Poland and Vienna, Austria, and the Merkur family of Vienna. The Morgenstern family materials include identification papers of Regina Morgenstern, who took a Kindertransport from Vienna to England in 1938; letters from her parents Taube and Mendel Morgenstern to her in London; and her diary from 1945. Also included are photographs of the Morgenstern family, including a photograph of Regina, Bernhard, and Helli Morgenstern reunited in Vienna after the war. The Merkur family materials include a book and lo...

  9. Rothstern family papers

    Correspondence, identification and citizenship documents, school report cards, letters of reference, photographs, and other items, that primarily document the lives of Irma Rothstern and her son Heinz, of Hamburg, Germany, during the 1910s to 1930s, and then following their forced emigration due to Nazi persecution, in Shanghai, China from 1939 to 1955. Included is a document about the citizenship of Irma's husband, Isidor; and of Heinz's wife, Julia, as well as unidentified family photographs from approximately the 1910s. The bulk of the documents in this collection were used to establish ...

  10. Dorothy Isaacsohn papers

    The Dorothy Isaacsohn papers consist of photographs of Dorothy Isaacsohn while she was living as a displaced person in Germany and of her parents and their Isaacsohn and Koh relatives before and during the war as well as six pre-printed blank dress forms. One photograph depicts Dorit Isaacsohn four days before her immigration to the United Sates wearing the white blouse her mother handmade for her. Two others show Isaacsohn with a group of men and women outside a castle in the Berlin suburbs. The dress form depicts a drawn image of a woman facing forwards and backwards wearing a long dress ...

  11. Berg and Hermanns families papers

    1. Berg and Hermanns families collection

    The Berg and Hermanns families papers consist of biographical materials, correspondence, and photographs documenting the Berg family and their escape to Kenya and the Hermanns family and Julius Hermanns’ journey aboard the MS St. Louis, return to Europe, and internment. The Berg family papers consist primarily of biographical materials, correspondence, and photographs documenting the Berg family from Germany and their escape to Kenya. Biographical materials include birth certificates, a military passbook, a marriage certificate, two family registers, certificates of good conduct, a letter o...

  12. Dina Pickholz Ostrower photographs

    1. Dina Ostrower collection

    Photographs of the the Pickholz family in Synowodzko Nizne and in Stryj, Poland before the war; photographs of Donia during the war in Bolechow, when she worked in a German beerhouse pretending to be an illiterate Ukrainian girl; photographs of Donia with the Jewish couple Malka and Shlomo Reinharz, whose lives she saved during the Holocaust; and photographs of Josef Ostrower and his bride Donia after the war, in Cyprus and later in Israel.

  13. Roswell and Marjorie McClelland papers

    1. Roswell and Marjorie McClelland collection

    The Roswell and Marjorie McClelland papers contains a unique set of correspondence and documents related to the American Friends Service Committee’s work in Rome, Marseilles, and Geneva during World War II, and the work of the War Refugee Board in Switzerland from 1944-1945. The collection includes photographs and copies of photographs of Roswell and Marjorie McClelland after their 1938 wedding; in Rome in 1940; of AFSC workers in France in 1941-1942; of the Gurs and Les Milles camps; of Roswell with their sons Barre and Kirk in 1945; and of the entire family in Switzerland ca. 1949. Copies...

  14. Ruth Danzig Rauch papers

    1. Ruth Danzig Rauch collection

    The Ruth Danzig Rauch papers primarily contain biographical materials, correspondence, and emigration and immigration materials related to Ruth Danzig’s escape from Munich, Germany to Great Britain on the Kindertransport in 1939, her immigration to the United States in 1944, and the Danzig and Frank family’s life in Munich from 1939-1942. The biographical materials include documents from the International Tracing Service about Emanuel and Gerda Danzig, archival research on the fates of members of the Bravmann, Winter, and Danzig families in Germany, and school records for Ruth Danzig Rauch....

  15. Striped tallit katan worn by a prewar German Jewish emigre to the US

    1. Arthur Cohn and Leo Nast collection

    Striped tallit katan used by Dr. Leo Nast, a chemical engineer who left Hamburg, Germany, for the United States in July 1934. A tallit katan is a religious garment worn by Jewish men with their daily dress. Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933. Leo had long opposed the politics of Hitler and the Nazi Party and Leo and his wife Bertha decided to leave Germany. Their immigration was sponsored by the Catalin Corporation, a plastics company that employed Leo after his arrival in the US. The Nazi dictatorship enacted anti-Jewish laws and the persecution of Jews grew increasingly ha...

  16. Atarah with a gold metallic thread floral pattern owned by a prewar German Jewish emigre to the US

    1. Arthur Cohn and Leo Nast collection

    Metallic embroidered atarah, or neckband, owned by Dr. Leo Nast, a chemical engineer who left Hamburg, Germany, for the United States in July 1934. The atarah would be attached to the interior top center of the tallit, a prayer shawl worn by Jewish males during morning prayers, to be nearest the head when the shawl is draped over it. Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933. Leo had long opposed the politics of Hitler and the Nazi Party and Leo and his wife Bertha decided to leave Germany. Their immigration was sponsored by the Catalin Corporation, a plastics company that employed...

  17. Painted mezuzah used by a prewar German Jewish emigre to the US

    1. Arthur Cohn and Leo Nast collection

    Brown painted mezuzah used by Dr. Leo Nast, a chemical engineer who left Hamburg, Germany, for the United States in July 1934. According to the Torah, every doorpost in a Jewish home should display a mezuzah klaf, a small parchment scroll inscribed with two prayers. The scroll is enclosed in a case so that it can be affixed to the right doorpost. It serves as a reminder of the covenant of faith and a notice that this is an observant Jewish home. Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933. Leo had long opposed the politics of Hitler and the Nazi Party and Leo and his wife Bertha deci...

  18. Richard Rubenstein

    Richard Rubenstein, an American professor, relates his position on stateless people, bureaucracy, and the role of churches during the Holocaust. FILM ID 3871 -- Camera Rolls TALA 1-5 Allies CR1 Professor Rubenstein begins the interview by describing the beauty of Wakulla Springs, near Tallahassee, Florida, where the interview will take place. Lanzmann asks if it is a fitting place to talk about the Holocaust, to which Rubenstein answers it is as fitting as any other place, as the Holocaust was so unnatural and destructive. 01:02:22 CR2 He implies the similarities of the sanctuary in which t...

  19. Twelve numbered tiles and box for a game brought with a young German Jewish refugee

    1. Anneliese Centawer Marx family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn90819
    • English
    • a-l: Height: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm) | Width: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm) | Depth: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) m: Height: 4.125 inches (10.477 cm) | Width: 4.125 inches (10.477 cm) | Depth: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) n: Height: 4.125 inches (10.477 cm) | Width: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm) | Depth: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm)

    Game box with twelve numbered wooden tiles brought with 8 year old Anneliese Centawer when she and her parents James and Recha fled Nazi Germany in July 1938. The tile numbers range from 1 to 15, but there is no number 2, 7, or 11. It is similar in appearance to some versions of a game called fifteen puzzle, but there is no board or platform to contain the loose tiles and the box base seems too high to use for this purpose. After Hitler and the Nazi regime's seizure of power in 1933, the Jewish population was subjected to increasingly harsh persecution. In 1936, Anneliese's family was force...

  20. Handmade traffic board game and instructions brought with a young German Jewish refugee

    1. Anneliese Centawer Marx family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn90820
    • English
    • a: Height: 12.500 inches (31.75 cm) | Width: 27.625 inches (70.168 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) b: Height: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm) | Width: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) c: Height: 8.750 inches (22.225 cm) | Width: 6.875 inches (17.463 cm)

    Board game made from brightly colored cut construction paper brought with 8 year old Anneliese Centawer when she and her parents James and Recha fled Nazi Germany in July 1938. It includes several pages of instructions handwritten in English and German. After Hitler and the Nazi regime's seizure of power in 1933, the Jewish population was subjected to increasingly harsh persecution. In 1936, Anneliese's family was forced to move from their home in Nuremberg when their block was declared Judenfrei (Free of Jews.) Anneliese was beaten up on the street by a Hitler Youth who accused the freckle...