Appenzeller and Dukes families collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn594238
• English
• overall: Height: 5.125 inches (13.018 cm) | Width: 7.500 inches (19.05 cm)
• Updated 7 months ago

Kronen banknote owned by the Appenzeller family in Vienna, Austria before their emigration in 1939. The kronen was the official currency of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1892 until its dissolution in 1918. The banknotes were printed on the front in Hungarian and in German on the reverse, and the value was written out in eight additional languages. After the breakup of Austria-Hungary, the banknotes remained in circulation among the various countries, but were overstamped for use in individual countries. This kronen is printed in German on both sides and has an overstamp that indicates th...

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn594246
• English
• folders oversize folder 5 1
• Updated 7 months ago

The Dukes and Appenzeller families papers include a 1945 autobiographical essay by Erna Appenzeller; birth certificates, a marriage certificate, a tax document, passports, and naturalization papers for William, Irma, and Erna Appenzeller; photographs of the Dukes and Appenzeller families and their friends; a 1940 postcard from Irma’s sister Frieda Grün and her husband Rudolf; and restitution files documenting William Appenzeller, Irma Dukes Appenzeller, and Erna Appenzeller (Ernie Kent) from Vienna, their immigration to the United States, and their efforts to receive restitution for losses ...

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn594248
• English
• overall: Height: 11.875 inches (30.163 cm) | Width: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm)
• Updated 7 months ago

Metric, wooden ruler used by Erna Appenzeller in her Montessori school in Vienna, Austria, while in fourth grade. Erna was a young girl living with her parents in Austria, when the country was annexed by Germany on March 13, 1938. German authorities quickly created new legislation that restricted Jewish life. The school that Erna attended was shut down, members of the Jewish community were arrested, and her father’s business was taken and Arayanized. In August 1939, Erna’s parents acquired visas and were able to go to Milan, Italy. On June 10, 1940, Italy entered World War II as a German al...