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Displaying items 1,021 to 1,040 of 1,278
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Language of Description: English

  1. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note, acquired by a Polish Jewish refugee and activist

    1. Emanuel Scherer collection

    Scrip, valued at 5 kronen, distributed in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp, and acquired post-war by Emanuel Scherer, a Jewish refugee and activist from Krakow, Poland. In Theresienstadt, currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp, and had no real monetary value. As a law student at Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Emanuel joined the Jewish Labor Bund. It was a social-democratic organization devoted to strengthening Yiddish culture and socialist values through their network of schools and cultural and fraternal institution...

  2. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 10 kronen note, acquired by a Polish Jewish refugee and activist

    1. Emanuel Scherer collection

    Scrip, valued at 10 kronen, distributed in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp, and acquired post-war by Emanuel Scherer, a Jewish refugee and activist from Krakow, Poland. In Theresienstadt, currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp, and had no real monetary value. As a law student at Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Emanuel joined the Jewish Labor Bund. It was a social-democratic organization devoted to strengthening Yiddish culture and socialist values through their network of schools and cultural and fraternal institutio...

  3. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note, acquired by a Polish Jewish refugee and activist

    1. Emanuel Scherer collection

    Scrip, valued at 20 kronen, distributed in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp, and acquired post-war by Emanuel Scherer, a Jewish refugee and activist from Krakow, Poland. In Theresienstadt, currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp, and had no real monetary value. As a law student at Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Emanuel joined the Jewish Labor Bund. It was a social-democratic organization devoted to strengthening Yiddish culture and socialist values through their network of schools and cultural and fraternal institutio...

  4. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, acquired by a Polish Jewish refugee and activist

    1. Emanuel Scherer collection

    Scrip, valued at 50 kronen, distributed in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp, and acquired post-war by Emanuel Scherer, a Jewish refugee and activist from Krakow, Poland. In Theresienstadt, currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp, and had no real monetary value. As a law student at Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Emanuel joined the Jewish Labor Bund. It was a social-democratic organization devoted to strengthening Yiddish culture and socialist values through their network of schools and cultural and fraternal institutio...

  5. Leonie Roualet papers

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    The collection consists of documents and correspondence regarding the Holocaust-era experiences of Leonie Roualet, an American imprisoned in the Vittel internment camp in France. Included is corresondence of Leonie's sister Henriette Roualet with various U.S. government agencies trying to locate Leonie and her mother, two wartime letters exchanged between Leonie and Henriette, Leonie's DP card, and documents related to her post-war involvement with the Red Cross.

  6. Plastic rosary used by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Rosary used by Leonie Roualet while she was interned in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France from September 1942 through September 1944. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded France and occupied the northern half of the coun...

  7. Metal and plastic rosary used by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Rosary used by Leonie Roualet while she was interned in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France from September 1942 through September 1944. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded France and occupied the northern half of the coun...

  8. Metal and glass rosary used by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Rosary used by Leonie Roualet while she was interned in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France from September 1942 through September 1944. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded France and occupied the northern half of the coun...

  9. Bar of soap owned by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Bar of soap acquired by Leonie Roualet while she was interned in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France from September 1942 through September 1944. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded France and occupied the northern half of...

  10. Framed portrait of a woman owned by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn628039
    • English
    • a: Height: 4.250 inches (10.795 cm) | Width: 3.250 inches (8.255 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) b: Height: 4.375 inches (11.113 cm) | Width: 3.250 inches (8.255 cm) | Depth: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) c: Height: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm) | Width: 2.875 inches (7.303 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm)

    Framed portrait owned by Leonie Roualet while she was interned in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France from September 1942 through September 1944. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded France and occupied the northern half o...

  11. Pitcher made from an Eatonia Brand butter can and used by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Can of Eatonia Brand butter repurposed as a pitcher and used by Leonie Roualet, while she was interned in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France from September 1942 through September 1944. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded...

  12. Kettle made from a can of Klim powdered milk and used by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn628045
    • English
    • a: Height: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm) | Width: 9.000 inches (22.86 cm) | Depth: 4.250 inches (10.795 cm) b: Height: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Diameter: 4.250 inches (10.795 cm)

    Can of Klim powdered milk repurposed as a kettle and used by Leonie Roualet, while she was interned in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France from September 1942 through September 1944. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded Fr...

  13. Women’s blue cloth and wood sandals worn by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn628048
    • English
    • a: Height: 5.250 inches (13.335 cm) | Width: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) | Depth: 10.000 inches (25.4 cm) b: Height: 5.125 inches (13.018 cm) | Width: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) | Depth: 10.000 inches (25.4 cm)

    Pair of shoes worn by Leonie Roualet, while she was interned in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France from September 1942 through September 1944. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded France and occupied the northern half of ...

  14. Vichy France currency, 5 franc note, acquired by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Banque de France note, valued at 5 francs, distributed in Vichy France starting August 1943, and acquired by Leonie Roualet. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded France and occupied the northern half of the country. Leonie’s sister, He...

  15. Czechoslovakian postage stamp, 40 haléř, acquired by a former American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Commemorative postage stamp of Hungarian astronomer, Maximilian Hell, issued in Czechoslovakia in 1970 on the 250th anniversary of Hell’s birth and acquired by Leonie Roualet. The stamp depicts Hell on his scientific expedition in Norway to establish the distance between the earth and the sun. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 ...

  16. Czechoslovakian postage stamp, 1 koruna, acquired by a former American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Commemorative postage stamp of Czechoslovakian President, Ludvík Svoboda, issued in 1970 and acquired by Leonie Roualet. Svoboda served as president from 1968-1975, and was regarded as a national hero for his military service in both World Wars. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mot...

  17. Watercolor painting of a standing woman acquired by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Watercolor painting of a woman in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France, originally owned by Gertrude Hamilton and eventually given to Leonie Roualet. Gertrude and Leonie became friends while interned together in Vittel. Both women were from the United States, but were living in France when Germany invaded in May 1940. Leonie was taking care of ailing relatives, while Gertrude worked as an ambulance driver for the American Hospital in Paris. In July 1941, Gertrude started working for the bureau for civilians set up by the YMCA (Young Men’s Christian Association), where she took c...

  18. Watercolor painting of a line for wood and coal acquired by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Watercolor painting of the line for wood and coal at Hotel Central in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France, originally owned by Gertrude Hamilton and eventually given to Leonie Roualet. Gertrude and Leonie became friends while interned together in Vittel. Both women were from the United States, but were living in France when Germany invaded in May 1940. Leonie was taking care of ailing relatives, while Gertrude worked as an ambulance driver for the American Hospital in Paris. In July 1941, Gertrude started working for the bureau for civilians set up by the YMCA (Young Men’s Chri...

  19. Handmade birthday card given to an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Handmade birthday card given to Leonie Roualet by fellow internees, while she was interned in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France from September 1942 through September 1944. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded France and ...

  20. Watercolor painting of a crowd gathered in front of a decorative building in Vittel internment camp acquired by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Watercolor painting of the package line in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France, originally owned by Gertrude Hamilton and eventually given to Leonie Roualet. Gertrude and Leonie became friends while interned together in Vittel. Both women were from the United States, but were living in France when Germany invaded in May 1940. Leonie was taking care of ailing relatives, while Gertrude worked as an ambulance driver for the American Hospital in Paris. In July 1941, Gertrude started working for the bureau for civilians set up by the YMCA (Young Men’s Christian Association), where s...