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Displaying items 1 to 20 of 72
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Item type: Authorities

  1. 16-я 'Литовская' стрелковая дивизия

    • 16th Lithuanian Rifle Division (Soviet Union)
    • Lietuviškoji 16-oji Raudonosios Armijos divizija

    The 16th Rifle Division was a formation in the Red Army created during the Second World War. The division was formed twice, and was given the title 'Lithuanian' during its second formation. It was originally established at Novgorod in October 1939. In the end of 1941 reformed and given the title 'Lithuanian', the division participated in several battles against Nazi Germany, including Kursk, Belarus, and the Baltic. It was disbanded at the end of the war, although it was briefly revived in 1955 before being disbanded once more. When the 16th Division was reformed after its destruction, it w...

  2. Abraham Asscher

    19 September 1880 – 2 May 1950

    a Dutch Jewish businessman and politician from Amsterdam. In the 1930s, he became a leader and spokesmen of the Dutch Jewish community. He served as the President of the nation’s central Jewish organization, the Nederlandsch-Israëlitsch Kerkgenootschap (Dutch Jewish Congregation). When Jewish refugees began to flee in numbers to the Netherlands from the Nazi regime in Germany, it was Asscher, along with Professor David Cohen, who established (with government support) two organizations to deal with the situation. The Comité voor Bijzondere Joodse Belangen (Committee for Special Jewish Intere...

  3. Abraham Silberschein

    Born in 1882, in Lwow, Poland, Dr. Abraham Silberschein was an attorney who dedicated himself to public service. He was one of the outstanding leaders of the Labor Zionist movement in Poland, and in 1922, he was elected by the movement to serve in the Polish Sejm as the Labor Zionist representative . In 1930 he arrived in Geneva as a representative to the Zionist Congress. Due to the outbreak of World War II, Dr. Silberschein did not return to Poland, but he remained in Switzerland from where he tried to organize relief activities for the persecuted Jews in Poland and Germany. He was the fo...

  5. Bibelforscher

    • Jehovah's Witnesses

    1870s/present

    Founded in the United States in the 1870s, the Jehovah's Witnesses organization sent missionaries to Germany to seek converts in the 1890s. By the early 1930s, only 20,000 (of a total population of 65 million) Germans were Jehovah's Witnesses, usually known at the time as "International Bible Students". Even before 1933, despite their small numbers, door-to-door preaching and the identification of Jehovah's Witnesses as heretics by the mainstream Protestant and Catholic churches made them few friends. Individual German states and local authorities periodically sought to limit the group's pr...

  6. Blobel Paul

    • Blobel, Paul 1894-1951
    • Blobel, Paul

    13/08/1894

    07/06/1951

    SS-Standartenführer (1941), head of Sonderkommando 4a, Leiter (head ) of the massacre of 33 771 Jews in the ravine of Babi Jar near Kiev. Later head of Sonderkommando 1005. Sentenced to death in Einsatzgruppen Trial and executed.

  7. Brand Joël

    • Brand, Joe͏̈l, 1907-1964
    • Brand, Joël 1906-1964
    • ברנד, יואל, 1906-1964
    • ברנד, יואל, ־1906
    • בראנד, יואל, 1906־
    • ...

    1907

    13/07/1964

    Member of the Relief and Rescue Committee of Budapest; organised rescue and relief for refugees from Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland and smuggled Jews into Hungary in 1943. After the German invasion of Hungary in 1944, Brand was approached by Eichmann for "Blood for Goods" deal to negotiate between Jewish leaders and Nazis regarding the sparing of 1 million Jews for 10 000 trucks and other goods. In 1961 Brand testified at Adolf Eichmann’s trial in Jerusalem.

  8. Central Location Index

    • CLI

    The Central Location Index (CLI) was established by various relief organizations in May 1944. The goal of the CLI was to concentrate data regarding refugees and those missing.

  9. Centralna Komisja Uchodźców

    • Central Commission for Refugees
    • CKU

    The Area Associations set up the Centralna Komisja Uchodźców with sections for welfare work, provisioning, kitchens, craft production, clothing, housing, individual assistance, sanitation, and finance. One of the tasks of CKU was to help deportees find work and income. The CKU also acted as an arbitration tribunal.

  10. Československý červený kříž, Londýn

    • Czechoslovak Red Cross, London

    After the forced dissolution of the Czechoslovak Red Cross on 5th of August 1940 by the German occupiers the Czechoslovak government in Exile founded the Czechoslovak Red Cross in London and its delegations in Egypt, Iran, Italy, Palestine, USA. After the liberation of Czechoslovakia, the London office moved to Prague. During the war, the main task of the Czechoslovak Red Cross was to provide medical care for the military, the medical care for Czechoslovak refugees and for Czechoslovak citizens in the territory of Nazi Germany.

  11. Chaim Pazner

    • חיים פזנר
    • Chaim Pozner

    1899-1981

    Chaim Pazner was born in Kowal, Poland, 04 January 1899. In his youth he was active in the Hechalutz movement in the Wloclawek area in Poland, and he served as Vice-Principal of the Hebrew High School in Wloclawek. He was the director of the Committee of Assistance to Polish Refugees in Danzig, 1920-1922. He also served as the representative of the Jewish Telegraphic Association (JTA) in Danzig, 1921-1923. He was one of the leaders of the League for Working Eretz Israel in Wloclawek, and he was elected as a representative to the 12th Zionist Congress in Karlsbad and to other Zionist convent...

  13. Comité d’Assistance aux Refugiés

    • Committee for Assistance to Refugees
    • CAR

    With the moderation of French policy toward the refugees as a result of the election of the Popular Front government in the spring of 1936, French Jewish refugee relief revived. At the initiative of the Joint Distribution Committee, a new committee, Comité d’Assistance aux Refugiés, was established with Raymond-Raoul Lambert as its general secretary. Under Lambert’s leadership, CAR focused on providing assistance, including vocational retraining, that would enable the refugees to finds a niche in France. From the fall of 1938 until the outbreak of the war in 1939-09 the staff of CAR worked ...

  15. Commission des Camps des Oeuvres Israélites d’Assistance aux Réfugiés

    • Commission des Camps

    Founded in 1941-01

    Dr. Joseph Weill took part in the creation of the Commission des Camps des Oeuvres Israélites d’Assistance aux Réfugiés in 1941-01. He tried to made immediate improvements in the atrocious internment conditions in close conjunction with the Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants.

  16. Council for German Jewry

    • CFGJ

    Founded in 1936

    The Council for German Jewry was a British Jewish organization established in 1936 to help German Jews leave Germany. British Jewish leaders instituted the Council for German Jewry in response to the racial Nuremberg Laws of 1935; they designed an emigration plan whereby 100,000 German Jews aged 17-35 could leave Germany in an organized manner. Half were to move to Palestine, and half to other countries. The CFGJ also hoped that another 100,000 German Jews would emigrate without their help. The American Joint Distribution Committee formally joined the council in 1936-08. The CFGJ was never ...

  17. Delegazione per l’Assistenza agli ebrei Emigranti

    • DELASEM

    1939-12/1943-09-08

    Delegazione per l’Assistenza agli ebrei Emigranti was Jewish welfare agency, founded in 1939-12 to help Jewish refugees in Italy. It operated until 1943-09-08.

  18. Eidgenössisches Justiz- und Polizeidepartement

    • Division of the Federal Department of Justice and Police
    • EJPD

    After Hitler seized power in Germany in early 1933, the Eidgenössisches Justiz- und Polizeidepartement issued regulations, approved by the Federal Counsil (the head of the Swiss executive branch), under which the borders were to be kept open, but refugees in most cases were to be granted only temporary residence.

  19. ESRA

    • Israelitische Zentrale für soziale Fürsorge „ESRA"

    Help organisation for Jewish refugees founded by the Luxembourg Jewish Communities. ESRA helped Jewish refugees from Germany and from German occupied territories.

  20. Fleischmann Gisi

    • Fleischmannová, Gizi, 1892-1944
    • Fleischmannová, Gisela, 1892-1944
    • Fleischmann, Gisi, 1892-1944
    • Fleischmann, Gisi
    • פלישמן, גישי
    • ...

    21/01/1892

    1944

    President of the Slovak WIZO, and representative of the Joint in Slovakia. Gisi Fleischmann was one of the few female Jewish leaders in Europe during World War II. She helped Jews in Slovakia to find refuge in other countries before the war and in the midst of the war. As a member of the Bratislava underground Working Group, she was involved with the Europa Plan and the Children’s Rescue Plan, which attempted to save Jews through bribery and negotiations with the Nazis. Fleischmann was arrested by the SS in 1944 and deported to Auschwitz. She was murdered on arrival in Auschwitz in October ...