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Displaying items 10,841 to 10,846 of 10,846
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  1. Bibelforscher

    • Jehovah's Witnesses

    1870s/present

    Founded in the United States in the 1870s, the Jehovah's Witnesses organization sent missionaries to Germany to seek converts in the 1890s. By the early 1930s, only 20,000 (of a total population of 65 million) Germans were Jehovah's Witnesses, usually known at the time as "International Bible Students". Even before 1933, despite their small numbers, door-to-door preaching and the identification of Jehovah's Witnesses as heretics by the mainstream Protestant and Catholic churches made them few friends. Individual German states and local authorities periodically sought to limit the group's pr...

  2. Hitler-Jugend

    • Hitler Youth
    • HJ

    1926-07-27/1945-05-07

    Hitler approved officially the establishment of the Hitler-Jugend on 1926-07-27 and placed under the Sturmabteilung (Storm Division). Between 1933 and 1945 that vast majority of German’s children were members of the HJ, the junior branch of the Nazi Party. Boys were taught the beliefs of National Socialism and trained for military service. Determining that by age ten children’s minds could be turned from play to politics, the regime inducted nearly all German juveniles between ages of ten and eighteen into its state-run organization. The result was a potent tool for the will of Adolf Hitler...

  3. Interessen Gemeinschaft Farbenindustrie Aktiengesellschaft

    • IG Farben

    1925-12-09/1945-11-30

    Interessen Gemeinschaft Farbenindustrie Aktiengesellschaft had been founded on 1925-12-09, with the recording of the merger contract between the German chemical companies Bayer, BASF, Agfa, Griesheim-Elektron, Weiler-ter Meer and Hoechst. IG Farben became the sinister symbol of the economic power of the Nazis during World War Two. The production included poison gases and foreign, often forced and sometimes enslaved, laborers made up one-half of the 333.000 personnel. Because of the company’s entanglement and active participation in the crimes of the Nazi regime the Allies ‘decartelized’ IG ...

  4. Les Chantiers de la Jeunesse

    • The Chantiers

    Founded in 1940-07

    Les Chantiers de la Jeunesse was founded in 1940-07 and headed by General Joseph de La Porte du Theil, who had been an active figure in the Boy Scout movement and who used the Boy Scout motto, ‘be prepared’. This organization was originally intended as an emergency measure to find work for six months for men who had been demobilized or were of draft age. Over 92,000 had been called up for military service in 1940-05, but the war ended before they were a part of a military unit. In a sense the Chantiers replaced conscription. The Chantiers became a mandatory body under the authority of the S...

  5. Militärbefehlshaber Serbien

    • Military Commander of Serbia

    Founded in 1941-04-21

    The German military government in Serbia was established by an order of the chief of the Oberkommando des Heeres, Field Marshal Walther von Brauchitsch, of 1941-04-21. This order, effective on 1941-04-22 and implemented by a series of others, established the Militaerbefehlshaber Serbien as the chief of the occupation regime.

  6. Otechestven Front

    • Fatherland Front
    • OF

    Founded in 1943-08

    After Germany attacked the Soviet Union the Bulgarian Communist Party took the initiative inside the country. Until the final stage of the war, resistance tactics emphasized sabotage and small-group operations. About 10,000 persons are estimated to have participated in or supported the resistance, making it the largest such movement among Germany’s allies. Politically, the communists sought the cooperation of other opposition groups, and in 1943-08 the Fatherland Front was formed, composed of communists, left-wing Agrarians, Zveno, socialists, and some independent political figures. The fro...