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Displaying items 10,741 to 10,760 of 10,849
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  1. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 25 and 26 -- Testimony of Z. Lubetkin, Y. Zuckerman, A. Berman, R. Kuper

    Sessions 25 and 26. Eichmann sitting in his booth. The Judges open Session 25 and present Decision 14. This decision notes the appeal of witness interrogation abroad as certain witnesses would be arrested under the Nazi Collaborators Punishment Law of 1950, should they appear in Israel. Presiding Judge, Moshe Landau refers to Decision 11, which states that foreign courts may acquire testimony from restricted witnesses for the purpose of the Eichmann trial. There is a blip at 00:07:08. Hausner questions Zivia Lubetkin Zuckerman, a resistance fighter in the Warsaw Ghetto about the conditions ...

  2. Rosh Hashanah card with their photo made by newlyweds in Neu Freimann dp camp

    1. Beryl and Marian Miklin collection

    Shana Tova (New Year's) card with their photo made by Ber and Mirka Miklin in 1946 while they were living in Neu Freimann displaced persons camp in Germany. Ber and Mirka married in the DP camp on September 14, 1946. Rosh Hashanah was on September 26. Ber and his family lived in Latvia which was annexed by the Soviet Union in June 1940. After the German invasion of Latvia in June 1941, Ber and his family were imprisoned in the Jewish ghetto in Riga. In summer 1943, his father Motel and two married sisters, Lena and Zippora, were sent to nearby Kaiserwald concentration camp and killed. Ber a...

  3. Rosh Hashanah card with a photo of an Italian seaport received by newlyweds in Neu Freimann dp camp

    1. Beryl and Marian Miklin collection

    New Year's card received by Ber and Mirka Miklin in 1946 while they were living in Neu Freimann displaced persons camp in Germany. The card is from Mirka's sister Syma and her husband Heniek Gutsztejn and has an image of the seaside village, S. Maria di Bagni. Sima and Heniek, both concnetration camp survivors, had met and married in Janaury 1946 in a DP camp in Italy. Ber and Mirka met and married in the DP camp on September 14, 1946. Rosh Hashanah was on September 26. Ber and his family lived in Latvia which was annexed by the Soviet Union in June 1940. After the German invasion of Latvia...

  4. Rosh Hashanah card with a photo of a young couple received by a Jewish couple in Neu Freimann dp camp

    1. Beryl and Marian Miklin collection

    Shana Tova (New Year's) card received by Ber and Mirka Miklin in 1947 from Ber's friend Zsi Nisan and his wife while they were living in Neu Freimann displaced persons camp in Germany. The card has a photograph of a young, smiling couple. Ber and Mirka married in the DP camp on September 14, 1946. Ber and his family lived in Latvia which was annexed by the Soviet Union in June 1940. After the German invasion of Latvia in June 1941, Ber and his family were imprisoned in the Jewish ghetto in Riga. In summer 1943, his father Motel and two married sisters, Lena and Zippora, were sent to nearby ...

  5. The Pope Gives His Blessing to One of the Worst Nazi Murderers Two sided drawing by Leo Haas: Pope Pius XII blessing Himmler; Camp inmates at roll call

    1. Leo Haas collection

    Double-sided drawing created by Leo Haas with a satiric cartoon of Pope Pius XII blessing SS Chief Himmler on one side and a prisoner roll call at Mauthausen concentration camp where he was an inmate in spring 1945 on the other. For another version of this drawing see 2002.490.8. Haas, 38, a Czech Jew and a professional artist, was arrested in 1939 in Ostrava in German occupied Czechoslovakia for being a Communist. He was deported to Nisko labor camp in Poland, then shipped back to Ostrava to do forced labor. In September 1942, he was sent to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp, where he becam...

  6. Enameled Dutch oven used by a Jewish family in a displaced persons camp

    1. Helen and Joseph Matlow family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn513683
    • English
    • a: Height: 4.125 inches (10.478 cm) | Width: 9.250 inches (23.495 cm) | Depth: 6.750 inches (17.145 cm) b: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Diameter: 7.125 inches (18.098 cm)

    Red and brown enameled metal Dutch oven used by Chana and Josef Matlowsky (later Helen and Joseph Matlow) while living at Eggenfelden displaced persons camp in Germany, from 1947 to 1949. In September 1939, Germany invaded Poland and gave the Soviet Union the eastern half, where Chana’s family lived in Zdzieciol (Dziatlava, Belarus). In summer 1941, Germany invaded eastern Poland. In December, Chana’s brother was sent to work in a forced labor camp in Dworzec (Dvarėts (Hrodzenskaia voblasts', Belarus).) In 1942, German authorities ordered all Jews to move into a ghetto in Zdzieciol, killed ...

  7. Sam and Regina Spiegel photograph albums

    1. Regina and Samuel Spiegel collection

    The collection consists of two photograph albums of Sam and Regina Spiegel, both of whom were survivors of Auschwitz and other concentration camps. One albums depicts the family from the 1940s-1960s. The other album depicts Sam and Regina's wedding in the Föhrenwald displaced persons camp in 1946.

  8. Brown leather work boots worn by a Hungarian Jewish man for forced labor and in hiding

    1. George Pick family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn514722
    • English
    • a: Height: 11.250 inches (28.575 cm) | Width: 4.250 inches (10.795 cm) | Depth: 6.375 inches (16.192 cm) b: Height: 11.875 inches (30.163 cm) | Width: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) | Depth: 6.500 inches (16.51 cm)

    Leather work boots bought by Istvan Pick in Budapest, Hungary, in spring 1943 when he received a summons to report for forced labor. He wore them in two forced labor battalions, and when he went into hiding in Budapest. Istvan, his wife Margit, and their ten year old son Gyorgy lived in hiding in Budapest from November 1944-January 1945. Hungary was an ally of Nazi Germany and adopted similar anti-Jewish laws in the 1930s. Istvan, an engineer, lost his job in May 1939 because he was Jewish. He was conscripted into Hungarian labor battalions in 1940, 1943, and 1944. After German setbacks in ...

  9. Dark blue paper covered suitcase used by a Jewish refugee

    1. Ernest and Ruth Chambre collection

    Dark blue suitcase used by Ernest Chambre, a Jewish refugee from Nazi Germany. In 1933, Ernest, originally from Belgium, was a law student in Berlin when Hitler was appointed Chancellor. The persecution of Jews by the Nazi government caused him to flee to Belgium and then, in 1934/1935, to Palestine. Ernest left for Spain, presumably to get to the US, but was imprisoned in Miranda de Ebro internment camp. After his release, he returned to Palestine and married Ruth Elsoffer, a fellow refugee, in 1937. Ruth emigrated to the United States in 1946; Ernest arrived in October 1947.

  10. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 10 kronen note, acquired by a former inmate

    1. Gisela E. Zamora collection

    Theresienstadt scrip for 10 kronen given to Gisela Eckstein, a former inmate of the camp by another former inmate. Currency was confiscated upon entry and scrip was distributed per a 5-tier rating based on status or employment or received for conscript labor while in camp. Gisela, age 14, her parents, Berthold and Bertha, and her brother Norbert, age 12, were deported from Battenberg, Germany, to Ghetto Theresienstadt in September 1942. The family was transported in August 1944 to Auschwitz concentration camp where Gisela was separated from them and sent to Birkenau concentration camp. In O...

  11. Julian and Frieda Noga photograph collection

    The collection consists of photographs depicting Frieda Noga (née Greinegger), originally from Michaelnbach, Austria, with her family; holding a bouquet of flowers; and with her husband Julian Noga, originally from Skrzynka, Poland, as a young couple.

  12. Adler family papers

    1. Denes and Janos Adler family collection

    The Adler family papers document the Holocaust experiences of brothers Denis and János Adler, originally of Szeged, Hungary, and members of their extended families. The collection contains correspondence, biographical materials, immigration documents, restitution claims, and photographs regarding pre-war family lives; Denis’s emigration from Szeged in 1939; János’s conscription into the Hungarian Labor Service that accompanied German troops during the invasion of the Soviet Union, and his subsequent wounding and imprisonment in the field hospital in Alexajewka-Nikolajewka; the imprisonment ...

  13. William Begell papers

    1. William Begell collection

    The William Begell papers consist of a military ID certificate, death announcements, and forty-nine photographs relating to the experiences of William Begell (born Wilhelm Beigel) and his family, namely his father Ferdinand Beigel, before and during the Holocaust. There are eighteen photographs in the collection that depict the donor and his family’s pre-war experiences, including photos of William’s parents and some uncles and aunts, eleven photographs taken in the Vilna ghetto, eleven post-war photographs of the donor in Gailingen, six photos of the Marine Marlin and some of its passenger...

  14. Star of David badge printed Juif worn by a Jew in France

    1. Witek and Wiera Sierpinska collection

    Star of David badge given to Dr. Witek Sierpinski after June 1942 by a Jewish friend who had worn it in France. After the German occupation of Poland in 1939, Witek worked in a psychiatric hospital in Lvov, Poland (Lʹviv, Ukraine). In November 1941, he moved to the Warsaw ghetto and joined the Towarzystwo Ochrony Zdrowia Ludnosci Zydowskiej w Polsce (TOZ), a ghetto health organization that helped the sick and starving. A former co-worker got him out of the ghetto. By 1942, he was active in various Polish resistance groups, particularly the Armia Ludowa [People’s Guard] (AL). He recruited me...

  15. Green striped sateen tefillin pouch hidden and recovered postwar by a Czech Jewish family

    1. Iris Avni-Menzer family collection

    Green sateen bag used to store tefillin by Eduard Menzer, hidden and then recovered after the war by his wife, Aurelia. Tefillin are small boxes with leather straps used by Orthodox Jewish males during morning prayers. The family was living in hiding in the Tatra mountains when, on December 13, 1944, German soldiers burst into the hut where Eduard was saying morning prayers. They yanked off his tallit and tefillin, threw them to the ground, and arrested Eduard. His wife, Aurelia, and daughters had run off, but later returned for the tefillin and pouch. They moved to another hiding place whe...

  16. Tefillin set hidden and recovered postwar by a Czech Jewish family

    1. Iris Avni-Menzer family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn522161
    • English
    • a: Height: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Width: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) | Depth: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) b: Height: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm) | Width: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Depth: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm)

    Set of tefillin used by Eduard Menzer, hidden and then recovered after the war by his wife, Aurelia. Tefillin are small boxes with leather straps used by Orthodox Jewish males during morning prayers. The family was living in hiding in the Tatra mountains when, on December 13, 1944, German soldiers burst into the hut where Eduard was saying morning prayers. They yanked off his tallit and tefillin, threw them to the ground, and arrested Eduard. His wife, Aurelia, and daughters had run off, but later returned for the tefillin and pouch. They moved to another hiding place where Aurelia hid the ...

  17. Continental typewriter with a green wooden cover used by Martin Niemoeller

    1. Martin Niemoeller collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn522540
    • English
    • a: Height: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) | Width: 12.200 inches (30.988 cm) | Depth: 12.250 inches (31.115 cm) b: Height: 6.625 inches (16.827 cm) | Width: 13.625 inches (34.608 cm) | Depth: 16.500 inches (41.91 cm)

    Continental typewriter with wooden cover used by Pastor Martin Niemoeller to prepare his sermons before and after World War II. When the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, Niemoeller was a Lutheran pastor in Berlin-Dahlem. In September 1933, Niemoeller helped found the Pastor's Emergency League to protest Nazi interference in church affairs and the attacks on Christians of Jewish origin. In May 1934, he helped found a new Protestant church in Germany, the Bekennende Kirche (the Confessing Church) and was barred from preaching by the government. Recognizing that the new government was a dicta...

  18. Czech Air Force pilot badge issued to a Jewish veteran

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    Czech Air Force pilot badge issued to Frank Meissner for his service in the Czech Air Force from 1944-1945 for the Czech government in exile in Great Britain. It may be an observers badge. At the age of 16, Frank left Trest, Czechoslovakia, in 1939 to avoid the increasingly harsh Nazi persecutions of Jews. He went to Denmark with Youth Aliyah to attend agricultural school. In fall 1943, when the Germans decided to deport all Jews from Denmark, Frank was smuggled on a fishing boat to Sweden. During his exile, he received weekly letters from his family, even after their deportation to Theresi...

  19. Wreath shaped badge owned by a Jewish veteran of the Air Force for the Czech government in exile

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    Wreath shaped pin with a fish owned by Frank Meissner who served in the Czech Air Force from 1944-1945 for the Czech government in exile. At the age of 16, Frank left Trest, Czechoslovakia, in 1939 to avoid the increasingly harsh Nazi persecutions of Jews. He went to Denmark with Youth Aliyah to attend agricultural school. In fall 1943, when the Germans decided to deport all Jews from Denmark, Frank was smuggled on a fishing boat to Sweden. During his exile, he received weekly letters from his family, even after their deportation to Theresienstadt ghetto. The letters stopped in 1943. In the...

  20. Czech lion coat of arms cap badge owned by a Jewish veteran of the Czech Air Force in exile

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    Tinnie, or pressed tin pincap badge owned by Frank Meissner, who served in the Czech Air Force from 1944-1945 for the Czech government in exile. It features the Czech coat-of-arms with the rampant split-tailed lion of Bohemia. At the age of 16, Frank left Trest, Czechoslovakia, in 1939 to avoid the increasingly harsh Nazi persecutions of Jews. He went to Denmark with Youth Aliyah to attend agricultural school. In fall 1943, when the Germans decided to deport all Jews from Denmark, Frank was smuggled on a fishing boat to Sweden. During his exile, he received weekly letters from his family, e...