Authorities

• People’s Court

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

1934/1945

The Volksgerichtshof was a treason trial court for ‘enemies of the Reich’. From 1942 until 1945-02, the court was headed by Dr. Roland Freisler. The judicial panel contained two professional judges, five individuals selected by the Nazi Party, SS, and armed forces. Its proceedings were ideological and swift. From 1934 to 1945, the People’s Court condemned 12,000 civilians to death in concentration camps.

• EG VI

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

When Hitler invaded Poland in 1939-09, a special Einsatzgruppe was attached to each of the five German armies of the invasion force, with a sixth based in Posen. Each Einsatzgruppe was subdivided into Einsatzkommandos of 100 men. SS units, specially trained assassins, assigned terror tasks for the political administration in the Soviet Union and other eastern territories. The Einsatzgruppen worked behind the lines and murdered political opposition. The Einsatzgruppen murdered between 1.25-2 million Jews and tens of thousands of Soviet citizens and Soviet POWs.

• Office of Social Services for foreigners
• SSE

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Founded in 1942-01-01

Service Social des Etrangers was a Vichy government agency connected with both the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Labor and charged with the delivery of social services to foreigners in France.

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

The police of the Ministry of the Interior.

• HIAS

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

1880/present

The primary mission of the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society is to help Jews whose lives and freedom are endangered. Since 1880, HIAS has been the worldwide arm of the American Jewish community for rescue, relocation, family reunification, and resettlement of refugees and other migrants.

• EK 2/IV

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Einsatzkommando 2/IV, Einsatzkommando 2 of Einsatzgruppe IV, participated during the invasion of Poland in 1939-09. During the invasion of the Soviet Union the Einsatzgruppen were not labeled with the number I, II, III, IV or V but with the character A, B, C or D.

• Service for the Victory of Poland
• SZP

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

The Służba Zwycięstwu Polski was the first large organization of the Polish anti-German resistance. Michał Tokarzewski-Karaszewicz became the Commander-in-Chief of the SZP.

• SD Leitabschnitt Posen

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

The Sicherheitsdienst was an intelligence and surveillance organization, established in 1931 under Reinhard Heydrich. Among its major tasks were monitoring real or imagined enemies of national socialism and reporting on the state of opinion among the German public. The SD was widely represented, for example with an office in Posen.

• ZLOS

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

• Federation of Hungarian Jewish Communities
• MAZSIHISZ

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Magyarországi Zsidó Hitközségek Szövetsége is the representative organ of the local Jewry. Its highest level is the council, with 121 members from all around the Hungarian synagogues, and the rabbis. The MAZSIHISZ’s role is not only to keep up the Judaism, but to provide social services and to conserve the Jewish heritage and improve the traditional Jewish education.

• EK 2/III

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Einsatzkommando 2/III, Einsatzkommando 2 of Einsatzgruppe III, participated during the invasion of Poland in 1939-09. During the invasion of the Soviet Union the Einsatzgruppen were not labeled with the number I, II, III, IV or V but with the character A, B, C or D.

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

• Jewish Social Welfare Association
• ŻTOS

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

1940-10/1941-11

Żydowskie Towarzystwo Opieki Społecznej was set up in 1940-10 to replace the independent Żydowska Samopomoc Społeczna Komisja Koordynacyjna (Jewish Social Self-Help-Coordinating Commission) representing the social sector of the welfare institutions. The new organization was made subordinate to the Jewish Welfare Committee of the City of Warsaw (ZKOM), the institution licensed by the Germans. In 1941-11 ZTOS lost its autonomy and under a new name – Żydowska Opieka Społeczna (Jewish Social Welfare) – became a section of the ŻKOM.

• Jehovah's Witnesses

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 2 months ago

1870s/present

Founded in the United States in the 1870s, the Jehovah's Witnesses organization sent missionaries to Germany to seek converts in the 1890s. By the early 1930s, only 20,000 (of a total population of 65 million) Germans were Jehovah's Witnesses, usually known at the time as "International Bible Students". Even before 1933, despite their small numbers, door-to-door preaching and the identification of Jehovah's Witnesses as heretics by the mainstream Protestant and Catholic churches made them few friends. Individual German states and local authorities periodically sought to limit the group's pr...

• Hitler Youth
• HJ

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

1926-07-27/1945-05-07

Hitler approved officially the establishment of the Hitler-Jugend on 1926-07-27 and placed under the Sturmabteilung (Storm Division). Between 1933 and 1945 that vast majority of German’s children were members of the HJ, the junior branch of the Nazi Party. Boys were taught the beliefs of National Socialism and trained for military service. Determining that by age ten children’s minds could be turned from play to politics, the regime inducted nearly all German juveniles between ages of ten and eighteen into its state-run organization. The result was a potent tool for the will of Adolf Hitler...

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

George Garel was the owner of a small electrical appliance shop in Lyons. Garel established contact with Abbé Glasberg and decided to try his hand at smuggling out a group of children at a camp at Vénissieux near Lyons, who were on the point of being carried of to Drancy and Poland. On 1942-08-26, Garel and a few others cut the fence of the camp and took 108 children away on trucks to be dispersed among Christian homes and institutions. The Circuit Garel, as it was called, was swiftly organized. By mid-1943, Garel had four sub regions with their own commands, with at least twenty-nine full-...

• PPF

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Founded in 1936

A openly fascist party, the Parti Populaire Française, was founded in 1936 by Jacques Doriot. The PPF soon claimed a membership of about 100,000 drawn, in spite of a program that favored big business, from the lower middle and working classes, from some young intellectuals, and from a significant number of militants who came to it from parties of the left. Though Doriot tried to restrain his more exuberant followers, the PFF, became more overtly anti-Semitic and fascist. The PPF worked closely with the Gestapo.

• EG IV

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

When Hitler invaded Poland in 1939-09, a special Einsatzgruppe was attached to each of the five German armies of the invasion force, with a sixth based in Posen. Einsatzgruppe IV was attached to the 4th Army. Each Einsatzgruppe was subdivided into Einsatzkommandos of 100 men. SS units, specially trained assassins, assigned terror tasks for the political administration in the Soviet Union and other eastern territories. The Einsatzgruppen worked behind the lines and murdered political opposition. The Einsatzgruppen murdered between 1.25-2 million Jews and tens of thousands of Soviet citizens ...

• Radical Nationalist Party
• ONR

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Obóz Narodowo Radykalny was an ultra right-wing Polish underground group. ONR opposed the Polish Government-in-Exile and was rabidly anti-Semitic. Its newspaper, Ramparts, approved of the German genocide of Polish Jews. ONR units attacked Jewish partisans and Jews in hiding.

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Founded in 1921

Organizacja Rozwoju Twórczości Przemysłowej Rzemieślniczej i Rolniczej wśród Ludności Żydowskiej w Polsce promoted and developed skilled craft and agriculture. It ran a school for youths and they provided courses for adults.