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Displaying items 2,261 to 2,280 of 5,124
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Authority Type: Corporate Body

  1. UN - United Nations

    • UN
    • United Nations - UN

    From 24/10/1945 until the present.

  3. YIVO Institute for Jewish Research

    • YIVO

    From 1925 to the present

    In 1925, the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research was founded in Vilna (Wilno, Poland; now Vilnius, Lithuania), by key European intellectuals, including Albert Einstein and Sigmund Freud, to record the history and pioneer in the critical study of the language, literature and culture of the Jews of Eastern Europe. From its inception, YIVO was deeply concerned that the language and culture of East European Jewry were undergoing radical change in a rapidly modernizing world. YIVO's founders were tireless in collecting the documents and archival records of Jewish communities across Eastern Europe...

  4. Жандармскии легион и посты Тигинского уезда

    • Zhandarmskii leghion i posty Tiginskogo uezda

    După 1918, pe teritoriul Basarabiei au fost deschize diviziunele de jandarmerie, care aveau funcţii de poliţie rurală. Diviziunele de jandarmerie din Basarabia se subordonau Jandarmeriei Române, cu sediul la Bucureşti. Ministrul Afacerilor Interne, prefecţii judeţului şi administratorii localităţilor aveau dreptul să folosească regimentele de jandarmi şi batalioanele pentru a înăbuşi revoltele maselor. Potrivit Legii din 24 ianuarie 1929 despre reorganizarea jandarmeriei rurale confirmată de Regulamentul şi Codul din 16 martie 1931 jandarmeria a fost demilitarizată şi se subordona Ministeru...

  5. World Zionist Congress

    • הקונגרס הציוני העולמי

    From 1897 until the present.

    The Zionist Congress is the supreme institution and legislature of the World Zionist Organization (WZO). The WZO was founded at the First Zionist Congress (1897) as part of the first approved Zionist program, known as the Basel Program.

  6. Consistoire Central des Israelites de France

    • Central Consistory of the Jews of France

    Founded in 1808

    Representative body of French Jewry, established in 1808, which was historically responsible for Jewish religious life in France. At first, the Consistoire leadership counseled French Jewry to cooperate with the anti-Jewish restrictions set in place by the Vichy government, in order to preserve their dignity. At the same time, the Consistoire protested against the racial laws, and opposed the establishment of the Union of French Jews, an organization set up by the Vichy government to represent French Jewry. The Consistoire was not dissolved by the Vichy authorities; throughout the war it ke...

  7. War Refugee Board

    • WRB

    Founded in 1944-01-22

    The War Refugee Board was an ad hoc agency created on 1944-01-22 by Executive Order 9417. Its purpose was to circumvent obstruction by the U.S. State Department and rescue Jews. The impetus for the Board came from Josiah DuBois, John Pehle and Randolph Paul. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt had been lobbied by Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morganthau Jr. to create the Board. This proposal was opposed by Secretary of war Henry Louis Stimson and secretary of State Cordell Hull. In addition, rescue legislation was pending in the Senate, crafted by the Bergson Group. The Board was funded l...

  8. Auswärtiges Amt

    • Foreign Office of the German Empire
    • AA

    1870/present

    The term "Auswärtiges Amt" was first used to designate the Foreign Office established in 1870 by the North German Confederation, which became the Foreign Office of the German Empire in 1871. This is still the name by which the German foreign ministry is known today. In Bismarck's time the Auswärtiges Amt had only two directorates: the Political Directorate and a second Directorate responsible for foreign trade and other issues as well as legal and consular matters. During the Weimar Republic the AA was reorganized along modern lines. Under the Third Reich the AA was part of the apparatus of...

  9. Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees

    • IGCR

    Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees was a rescue organization set up as a result of the Evian Conference to search for new areas of large-scale Jewish settlements, find ways of pressuring the German government to release Jews, and prompt Evian nations (thirty-two) to accept Jews. The IGCR’s lukewarm rescue efforts were ineffective and did not lower immigration barriers. Its very existence, a mere token, frustrated other rescue plans.

  10. Union Générale des Israélites de France

    • General Union of the Israelites of France
    • UGIF

    Founded in 1941-11-29

    In 1941-11-29 a Vichy Law established the Union Générale des Israélites de France, a national Jewish representation, with separate branches in the northern and southern zones. Among the various reasons given by Vichy for the establishment of this representation was the increased poverty resulting from diverse anti-Jewish measurements. At any rate this was advanced as one of the reasons by those Jews who chose to lead this Vichy creation. Indeed the problem was serious. The suffering Jewish population could only call on the network of immigrant organizations, operating semi-legally or illega...

  11. General Zionists

    • Zionist Organization in Poland

    Founded in 1916

    The General Zionists, founded in 1916 under the umbrella of the World Zionist Organization, was aiming to establish a homeland for the Jews in Palestine. In Poland, Zionists strove for national and cultural autonomy, protected Jewish economic rights and interests, strengthened national identity, and organized emigration to Palestine. General Zionists were divided into three factions: Et Liwnot (A time to build), the moderate group; Al Hamishmar (On guard), which had a leftist social program; and the New Zionist Organization (Revisionists), the radical right wing.

  12. Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle

    • Ethnic Germans Welfare Office
    • VoMi

    The Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle was a SS welfare and repatriation office for ethnic Germans headed by Werner Lorenz. It organized the large-scale looting of Jewish property in occupied areas.

  13. Central Location Index

    • CLI

    The Central Location Index (CLI) was established by various relief organizations in May 1944. The goal of the CLI was to concentrate data regarding refugees and those missing.

  14. Alliance Israélite Universelle

    • AIU

    1860/present

    The Alliance Israélite Universelle was set up by Adolphe Crémieux in 1860, originally to ‘reconcile Judaism with the modern world’, to combine Jewish identity for those ‘attached with [their] heart to the ancient religion of [their]fathers’ with French culture. The Alliance was created for the greater emancipation and moral progress of Jews and for relief of those who suffered, for civic equality and for strengthening self-improvement. Yet, through its influential school system it became a potent force for instilling French culture inside and outside the country, for furthering French inter...

  15. Generální velitel četnictva, Praha

    • Generalkommandant der Gendarmerie, Prag
    • General Commander of Gendarmerie, Prague

    The Gendarmerie as armed police forces under the command of the Ministry of Defense existed in the Bohemian lands since the time of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire. With the founding of Czechoslovakia 1918 the Gendarmerie was subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior and took over the main police duties in the state from local crime investigations until police air patrols against German and Hungarian spy overflights after 1933. The Gendarmerie was also responsible for the border control and sent illegal emigrants from Nazi-Germany, under them also Jews, back. After the establishment of the...

  16. Polska Partia Socjalistyczna

    • Polish Socialist Party
    • PPS

    Founded in 1892

    The Polska Partia Socjalistyczna was established in 1892 by descendants of the Polish nobility and Polonized Jews from Warsaw. PPS combined the ideology of socialism with the Polish insurrectionary tradition.

  17. Československa liga proti bolševismu

    • Czechoslovak League against Bolshevism

    Czechoslovak anti-Soviet Pre-war organisation was founded 1937.

  18. Ministerstvo veřejných práci

    • Ministerium für öffentliche Arbeiten
    • Ministry of public works

    The Ministry of Public Works was founded on 2nd November 1918 shortly after the declaration of Independence of Czechoslovakia from the Austrian-Hungarian Empire. Its portfolios was mainly the improvement of infrastructure of the country and it existed untill 15th of January 1942. It´s agenda was taken over the newly established Ministry of Economy and Work (Ministerstvo hospodářství a práce/Ministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit).

  19. Ortskommandantur