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Displaying items 12,081 to 12,100 of 55,824
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  1. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 6, 7 and 8 -- Hausner's opening statement

    Sessions 6, 7 and 8. Attorney General Gideon Hausner discusses Adolf Hitler and his use of the Jews as scapegoats: "The Jew was the eternal scapegoat." Hausner notes the anti-Nazi movements in Germany, and German assistance to the Jews: "But after all is said and done, these were a small minority." The Prosecution describes Nazi tactics for the promotion of anti-Semitism such as economic boycotts, the Nuremberg Laws, and the yellow arm badges. Hausner starts Section 2 of his opening speech: "II - The SS, the SD and the Gestapo," which addresses the different groups of the Reich. Upon the co...

  2. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 6, 7 and 8 -- Hausner's opening statement

    Sessions 6, 7 and 8. Begins during Attorney General Hausner's opening speech. He describes the terrible conditions inflicted upon the Jews in concentration camps. There is a blip at 00:04:42 and then Hausner continues his description by quoting eyewitness accounts of Nazi violence. There is another blip at 00:08:50 and the prosecutor refers to the extermination of Galician Jewry; he states, "The accused, as head of the Gestapo Department for Jewish Affairs, as Special Commissioner for the extermination of the Jews, bears direct responsibility as the initiator and implementer of this blood b...

  3. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 6, 7 and 8 -- Hausner's opening statement

    Sessions 6, 7 and 8. Footage of an empty courtroom. It is before session 8; the camera focuses on the audience members as they take their seats. Attorney General Gideon Hausner sits at his desk readying himself for the next session. The Judges enter the courtroom and open the trial. Hausner continues his opening statement with Section 7 - "The Extermination in Northern, Western, and Southern Europe." He details the anti-Jewish campaign in Western Europe, instigated by Eichmann's department: "...anti-Jewish legislation, depriving the Jews of human and civil rights; identification of Jews by ...

  4. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 6, 7 and 8 -- Opening speech of Attorney General

    Sessions 6, 7 and 8. The beginning of this tape repeats the contents of Tape 2009 (at 00:33:51) where the Court is in recess. Eichmann enters the glass booth, and passes paper to his attorneys. The Judges enter the courtroom, and Judge Landau opens the sixth session of the trial. Judge Landau announces Decision 3, in which he addresses Dr. Servatius's two preliminary concerns. There is a blip during Landau's opening comments at 00:04:36. Regarding the validity and objectivity of the court, the Judges find: "While on the bench a judge does not cease to be flesh and blood, possessed of emotio...

  5. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 6, 7 and 8 -- Opening speech of Attorney General

    Sessions 6, 7 and 8. Begins during Attorney General Gideon Hausner's opening statement. He discusses the death of children during the Holocaust: "But no part of all this bloody work is so shocking and terrible as that of the million Jewish children whose blood was spilt like water throughout Europe." Hausner compares the suffering of Jews who died to Jews who lived. He asserts no one can determine "... who suffered the more terrible fat: those who died or those who concealed themselves in every conceivable hiding place and crevice, who lived in perpetual terror of expulsion..." There is a b...

  6. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 6, 7, 8 and 9 -- Hausner's opening statement and the first witnesses, R. Bar-Shalom and A. Less

    Sessions 6, 7, 8 and 9. The bulk of this tape is a compilation of points within the prosecution's speech. Attorney General Gideon Hausner's opening statement as he discusses concentration camps, specifically Majdanek: "...in one day, 18,000 Jews were shot." There is a blip at 00:06:54 and the story skips from examination of Majdanek to Auschwitz: "...this camp was established with the sure knowledge that it was to be a slaughter house." Hausner continues to describe conditions and methods of punishment at Auschwitz. There is another blip at 00:17:14, where the prosecution begins Section X: ...

  7. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 -- Testimony of A. Less

    Sessions 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. Attorney General Gideon Hausner questions Avner Less on his interrogation of Adolf Eichmann. In between three blips, the prosecution presents the audio reel tapes of Eichmann's interrogation. The recordings are in German; therefore, the excerpts are translated into Hebrew and English after each excerpt is played. Following the blip at 00:18:00, Eichmann's statement is translated into Hebrew/English. Eichmann discusses his inability to view injuries: "I am often told that I could never have been a doctor." During the recording, Eichmann makes excuses for his fault...

  8. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 61 and 62 -- Testimonies of A. Breslauer, A. Fleischmann, L. Gordon

    Session 61 (beginning). State Attorney Bach describes two statements by Eichmann admitting his plan to deport all Jews from Budapest. Coughing and sneezing from interpreter. 00:07:17 Cuts out. Witness Arye Zvi Breszlauer describes leaving Hungary. What he saw at Hegyeshalom - thousand of Jews locked in a courtyard and barn having been forced to march 220 km; to be handed over to the Germans. 00:15:35 describes people he saw on his way back to Budapest, on arrival told his passport had expired. 00:17:12 Cuts out. Witness Aviva Fleischmann from Budapest. Describes being rounded up and taken t...

  9. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 64 and 65 -- Testimonies of J. Reznik; Y. Friedman; D. Friedberg; Y. Biskowitz; M. Podchlebnik

    This tape contains a summary of Sessions 64 and 65. Session 64. Witness Joseph Reznik, Pole in Majdanek. 00:02:15 Describes people being killed, band playing to disguise gun shots. 00:04:06 Describes digging pits - opening mass graves. Rolfinger shouting at him. Removed bodies and burnt them. 00:09:03 Witness Ya'akov Friedman, in Majdanek. Talks about people being hung and flogged. 00:12:30 Identifies Eichmann, describes seeing him in camp. 00:15:10 Continues explaining how/when he was released - as a Christian in spring 1944. 00:16:57 Witness Dov Frieberg. Camp dogs. 00:18:37 Attorney Gene...

  10. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 66 and 67 -- Evidence on Auschwitz, Belzec, Chelmno

    Session 66: Witness Simon Srebnik. Speaks about dismantling the camp of Chelmno. He was shot, he shows his wound to court and describes how he pretended to be dead in order to escape. 00:04:02 Describes the Russians arriving and being liberated. 00:05:30 Asked about his mother. 00:06:34 Cuts out. Witness Ya'akov Wiernik. Discussing photograph, sketch and a model of Treblinka. 00:07:49 Using pointer he explains what the photograph of the model shows - the geography of the camps. 00:09:46 Discusses where the men and women went. 00:11:26 Shows where the gas chambers were. 00:12:43 Cuts out. Wi...

  11. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 66, 67 and 68 -- Testimonies of S. Srebnik, A. Lindwasser, D. Wdowinski, A. Oppenheimer

    Session 66. Witness Simon Srebrnik talks about dismantling the camp of Chelmno. He was shot, shows wound to court. He describes how he pretended to be dead and then escaped. 00:04:07 Describes the Russians arriving and being liberated. 00:05:51 Asked about his mother, explains that he cannot sleep at night. 00:06:59 Cuts out. 00:07:00 Witness Avraham Lindwasser. Worked as a dentist in Treblinka - pulling out teeth. Until he came across the body of his sister. 00:10:06 describes how he then told Dr. Zimmerman, a Jewish Kapo, he could not carry on anymore. Talks of amount of gold collected. 0...

  12. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 68 and 69 -- Testimonies of Y. Dinur, Y. Bakon, A. Oppenheimer, A. Beilin

    Session 68. Witness Yehiel Dinur is sworn in. He identifies himself as a man born in Poland, and as a writer. 00:02:14 He is asked about his pseudonym K. Zetnik. He explains the meaning of his books, particularly the Auschwitz chronicle, he explains how in the camps time passed on a different scale, the inhabitants of the planet breathed and lived under different laws and nature - "their name was the number 'Kazetnik'". That's why he uses this name. He talks about the uniform, and the "Auschwitz planet." 00:09:20 The witness asked to listen to questions, as he continues to speak about what ...

  13. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 70 and 71 -- Witnesses R. Kagan, E. Goldstein, V. Alexander; film screenings

    Footage begins with testimony from witness Raya Kagan, who describes a meeting with Untersturmbannführer Maximilian Grabner, in which she was told that she was forbidden to talk about the office work she performed (registration of supposed causes of deaths among prisoners), on pain of death. She also provides an account of her contact with the women of the Aussenkommando and the female Slovakian intelligentsia, as well as a description of the kapos and block elders. The remainder of Kagan's testimony is missing from the tape and the footage begins again with a witness account from Esther Go...

  14. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 73 and 74 -- Sassen document legality and value; Bergen-Belsen liberation; savior of the Arabs

    Sessions 73. Tape jumps often, but does not seem to lose any footage. Attorney General Hausner describes the Sassen memoirs, saying that he does not deny it, and thus it can be considered created by Eichmann. He says that the Defense says that the document is incomplete, but this does not affect the submission of the document, and it must be determined what value that missing portion has. He cites precedent, saying that the court must warn itself that this is not the entire document. The Judges discuss problems with the corrections to the document, the validity of the document, and other re...

  15. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 73, 81, 85, and 86 -- Sassen; Hungary; liberation of Bergen-Belsen; Stalingrad

    This tape contains parts of the following sessions: 73; 81; 85; 86. Session 73. Dr. Servatius reads the Sassen memoirs. He reads a section citing the inability to define Eichmann's role with the camps. He says that there are no examples of Eichmann acting in the camps without Mueller as an intermediary. He concludes with a quote saying that there were no reports of Eichmann disobeying the orders to stop the deportations of Jews. 00:07:22 The Attorney General Hausner submits passages, including a few that were already submitted by the Defense. He reads about Eichmann's proposal to trade Jews...

  16. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 74, 78, 79, 83, and 80 --- Sassen Document; Yugoslavia

    Session 74. Empty courtroom. Eichmann enters and people begin to enter. He and Dr. Servatius communicate on their private microphone line. We cannot hear what they are saying. Various shots of the crowd and Eichmann. 00:15:38 Judges enter. They open Session 74 and approve the Sassen documents, but none of the additional texts involved with it. It also accepts the testimony involved in the validating of Eichmann's handwriting. 00:18:50 Video image freezes. The audio skips, beginning an unknown amount of time later. Eichmann answers a question about a rejected application to go to another cou...

  17. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 75 and 76 -- Eichmann's testimony

    The video begins in the middle of Session 75, with defense attorney Dr. Robert Servatius presenting documents and questioning Eichmann about his attempts to learn Hebrew. This is duplicate footage also found on Tape 2097 (at 00:47:17). There are shots of the prosecutors listening to Eichmann's testimony and of people in the audience. Another document is presented and Eichmann testifies as to why he perceived the representatives of the World Service (an anti-Semitic news service) at a 1937 congress as "dubious" (00:07:49). Eichmann then talks about his opinions about Zionism (00:13:31). This...

  18. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 82, 73, 75, 70, 87 -- Eichmann's role in camps, first trip, Goldstein testimony, submission of documents

    Session 82. Dr. Servatius submits the second series of documents, this about Bohemia and Moravia. The first is a letter saying that Eichmann solved many problems within concentration camps. He asks Eichmann what those were, and if he really was involved. Eichmann says that he was not involved, this letter is not truthful. He says he had no role, no functions, no authority within the camps. The language of the original record is questioned; German is decided upon. 00:10:22 Session 73. Dr. Servatius submits another letter. This one concerns the search for Jews. Another concerns the Italian co...

  19. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 86, 81, 41, 51 and 53 -- Eichmann creating orders, ghetto visits, children

    Session 86. Eichmann says that he was in charge of organizing things insofar as he would write down the decisions made by his superiors. At the beginning, he says, he wrote down orders and passed them along to the Ministry of the Interior or other departments. He talks about his typist having nothing to do because of this, and he will return to this topic later. 00:14:38 Session 81. Dr. Servatius is submitting a document concerning visits to camps. Eichmann talks about visits from the Head Office of Reich Security happening whenever there were issues that could affect the entire Reich. Ther...

  20. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 91 and 92 -- excerpts -- Cross-examination of the Accused about Nisko, Sassen document, Final Solution

    The footage begins near the opening of Session 92. Attorney General Gideon Hausner cross-examines Eichmann, who tries to define the term "im Auftrage", which he used when he signed documents. This is duplicate footage also found on Tape 2135 (at 00:05:23). The footage on Tape 2135 is more complete. The video cuts out from 00:02:48 to 00:03:20 and resumes in the middle of Session 91. Hausner questions Eichmann about the extent of his authority in the Nisko Project, which was a plan to concentrate Jews into a "Jewish reservation" around the regions of Lublin and Nisko, Poland. Eichmann, under...