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Displaying items 81 to 100 of 1,698
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Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. Back to camp Print 12 from a set of reproduced sketches by a French artist and concentration camp prisoner

    Print reproduction of a sketch, from a set of fifteen, depicting exhausted prisoners being marched uphill while guards hit or shoot them as they return to Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp in France, and published in 1946. The sketches were originally created in secret in the camp by Henri Gayot and the published set includes an introduction by Roger LaPorte: both members of the French resistance and prisoners in Natzweiler. Both men were marked “Nacht and Nebel”, individuals presenting a threat to German security that had been abducted in the middle of the night and were meant to be “...

  2. Back to work Print 7 from a set of reproduced sketches by a French artist and concentration camp prisoner

    Print reproduction of a sketch, from a set of fifteen, depicting prisoners carrying exhausted, injured, or dead prisoners so that the same number of men are present at the end of the day as at the beginning at Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp in France, and published in 1946. A few of the prisoners are identified with NN (Nacht und Nebel [night and fog]) on their uniforms. The sketches were originally created in secret in the camp by Henri Gayot and the published set includes an introduction by Roger LaPorte: both members of the French resistance and prisoners in Natzweiler. Both men ...

  3. Bagriansky-Zerner family collection

    1. Bagriansky-Zerner family collection and Edwin Geist collection

    The collection consists of immigration and personal identification documents, photographs, writings, correspondence and related materials that document the experiences of Paul and Gerta (nee Chason) Bagriansky, their daughter, Rosian Bagriansky Zerner, and their extended family. Included is information about their pre-war life in Lithuania, their life under Soviet and German occupation, including internment in the Kaunas ghetto and their escape from it, the hiding of Rosian with various Lithuanian acquaintances for the duration of the war, Paul Bagriansky’s experiences as a partisan during ...

  4. Baksztanska and Sierpinski families papers

    The Baksztanska and Sierpinski families papers include biographical material and photographs relating to the pre-war and wartime experiences of Wiera Baksztanska, Stanisław Sierpinski, and their families in Poland and Russia. The collection includes false identity papers and documents Wiera obtained while living in the Warsaw ghetto and in hiding as well as correspondence and writings relating to Stanisław’s work as a physician in the Polish underground. Biographical material includes a false identity card (Kennkarte) for Wiera under the name of Zofia Weronika Wojtuńska, certificates statin...

  5. Bar of soap from Stutthof labor-concentration camp given to a Polish Holocaust survivor

    1. Foterek Sperling collection

    Bar of soap issued to Czeslaw Foterek while imprisoned in Stutthof labor-concentration camp, later given to Helen Sperling (Hinda Kacenelenbogen) by a friend. The soap was used in the concentration camp and the inmates believed that it was made from human fat, although this was not true. Czeslaw Foterek was a Roman Catholic living in Gdynia, Poland. After the Germans invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, he was arrested by the Gestapo on September 19, and taken to Stutthof on November 9. There he worked as a slave laborer for the German Equipment Works until his release on March 28, 1945. Hi...

  6. Bar of soap from Stutthof labor-concentration camp given to a Polish Holocaust survivor

    1. Foterek Sperling collection

    Bar of soap issued to Czeslaw Foterek while imprisoned in Stutthof labor-concentration camp, later given to Helen Sperling (Hinda Kacenelenbogen) by a friend. The soap was used in the concentration camp and the inmates believed that it was made from human fat, although this was not true. Czeslaw Foterek was a Roman Catholic living in Gdynia, Poland. After the Germans invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, he was arrested by the Gestapo on September 19, and taken to Stutthof on November 9. There he worked as a slave laborer for the German Equipment Works until his release on March 28, 1945. Hi...

  7. Bar of soap owned by an American internee

    1. Leonie Roualet collection

    Bar of soap acquired by Leonie Roualet while she was interned in Vittel internment camp in German-occupied France from September 1942 through September 1944. Leonie was born in New York to Leonie Calmesse and Henry Charles Roualet, French champagne vintners who had immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. In the 1930s, Leonie’s mother returned to France to take care of her ailing brother. While caring for her brother, she too became sick, and in 1939 Leonie traveled to France to take care of her mother and her uncle. In May 1940, Germany invaded France and occupied the northern half of...

  8. Barbie Trial -- Day 10 -- A victim testifies

    15:47 Mrs. Ennat Vitte, a civil party, continues to testify regarding her experience in Ravensbrück 15:48 President Cerdini asks the witness to describe the circumstances under which she lost her eyesight in Ravensbrück, and whether her inability to walk is a consequence of her time there; the witness has difficulty answering the questions posed 15:52 Prosecutor Vuillard asks the witness to confirm a particular threat leveled at her by Barbie 15:54 President Cerdini calls forward the next witness, Mrs. Simone Lagrange née Kadosche, a civil party in the suit against Barbie 15:55 Mrs. Langran...

  9. Barbie Trial -- Day 10 -- Two former members of the Resistance testify

    13:37 President Cerdini calls the session to order; asks that the accused present himself; Barbie refuses to appear; Cerdini calls on the bailiff to compel the accused to appear 13:38 The bailiff reads the names of the witnesses scheduled to give testimony in the session; one witness who was scheduled to appear will not be able to appear in Lyon before June 5, 1987 13:40 Cerdini suspends the session while the bailiff goes to Barbie to compel him to appear 14:04 Cerdini calls the session to order; the bailiff reads Barbie's statement that he refuses to appear 14:07 Cerdini calls witness Irèn...

  10. Barbie Trial -- Day 10 -- Two victims testify

    17:03 President Cerdini resumes the hearing 17:05 Cerdini deposits into the record a magazine article written by Vergès in 1987, presented to the court by the prosecution 17:05 Cerdini calls another witness, Srul Kaplon, to testify, and he presents himself to the court; Mr. Kaplon is a civil party in the suit against Barbie 17:06 On March 23, 1943, the witness was taken by two Gestapo agents to the Hotel Terminus, along with his parents, brother, and sister; there, he was beaten and interrogated by Barbie; he told Barbie that he did not speak German, and Barbie replied that 'all Jews speak ...

  11. Barbie Trial -- Day 10 -- Two witnesses testify

    17:57 The witness, Mr. Stourdze, describes the evacuation of Auschwitz in January 1945 on foot to Gleiwitz, and then by coal train to Mauthausen and Oranienburg; the witness was then sent to Flossenburg, where there were inmates of several concentration camps; they were forced under scalding water for 20 minutes, and then made to stand outside naked in the bitter cold for three hours; the witness stayed for two weeks before being transferred again, to Regensburg, where he worked constructing a runway for a jet engine factory; Hermann Göring arrived and inspected the facility, which was ridd...

  12. Barbie Trial -- Day 10 -- Victims testify

    Lise Lesevre: Resistance member. She was arrested by the Gestapo on March 13, 1943 while she carried a letter addressed to Didier, the false name of a Resistance leader. She was then interrogated and tortured by Barbie: hung by hand cuffs with spikes, forced under freezing water in a bathtub, and beaten with a spiked ball against her back which broke a vertebrae. She was condemned to death by a German military tribunal for "terrorism" but was placed in the wrong cell and deported to Ravensbruck instead. Her husband died at Dachau and her son was killed in a detention center in Neuengamme at...

  13. Barbie Trial -- Day 12 -- A witness and a civil party testify

    16:07 The next witness, Mrs. Raymonde Guyon, presents herself to the court and is sworn in; the witness describes her participation in the dissemination of clandestine Resistance newspapers during the war, while in high school and then university; her fiancé at that time met law professors who were involved in the Resistance and they both became formally involved through these professors; she describes creating false papers, with which entire families of Jews were able to escape to Switzerland, and outlines the challenges involved in writing, printing, and distributing the newspaper 'Témoig...

  14. Barbie Trial -- Day 12 -- Bailiff introduces witnesses; lawyers demand Barbie's presence in court; recess; Lanfranchi testifies

    Bailiff introduces witnesses who will testify on Day 12 (May 26, 1987); they stand before the court. The trial is suspended for ten minutes at 13:53:23; tape recording stops and skips to real time 14:03:12 where judges re-enter court. Lawyers plead for Klaus Barbie's presence in the courtroom. Jacques Verges, Barbie's attorney, demands that Barbie remain in prison which is his legal right. The judges recess to make a decision at 14:14:22 [14:24:05 real time]; tape recording stops again and skips to real time 14:48:52. The judges return to the courtroom and report that Barbie will be forced ...

  15. Barbie Trial -- Day 13 -- Victims testify

    17:15:00 Judges enter the courtroom to begin Day 13 of the trial. 17:17:30 Rene Wucher gives his account of the raid at Izieu. 17:26:24 Andre Wucher, Rene's brother, supports his brother's account of the children at Izieu. 17:30:51 Gabrielle Tardy testifies and speaks directly about the yellow star. 17:40 Court lawyers and judges examine Izieu document. Intense exchange between Verges and prosecuting attorney Rappaport at 17:45. 17:52 Perticoz - absent, deposition is read by bailiff regarding the Izieu raid. 18:07 Court examines photographs presented under testimony of Favet.

  16. Barbie Trial -- Day 14 -- Witnesses testify

    13:42 President Cerdini calls the session to order; asks that the accused present himself; Barbie refuses to appear; Cerdini calls on the bailiff to compel the accused to appear 13:43 The bailiff reads the names of the witnesses scheduled to give testimony in the session 13:45 Cerdini suspends the session while the bailiff goes to Barbie to compel him to appear 14:12 Cerdini calls the session to order; the bailiff reads Barbie's statement, explaining that he refuses to appear; one of the witnesses scheduled to appear has not responded to contact attempts, and is not present 14:16 President ...

  17. Barbie Trial -- Day 15 -- Elie Wiesel and two other witnesses testify

    15:02 Witness Elie Wiesel testifies, describing the particular emotional challenges of life in the camps as a child; Prosecutor Jakubowicz asks the witness to give his opinion on the definition of a crime against humanity 15:09 Mr. Wiesel describes genocide as, "a philosophy, more than a war strategy." He describes the uniqueness of the Nazi genocide, and explains his opinion that we should never compare it to other genocidal acts, because "to compare is to minimize." He comments on France's complicity in the Holocaust, saying that France's actions should be put to trial, but not in conjunc...

  18. Barbie Trial -- Day 15 -- Two civil parties testify

    15:57 Prosecutor Libman asks that photographs of the monument to the children of Izieu near Brégnier-Cordon, to which the witness, Mr. Robert Meriaudeau, had referred, be circulated to the jurors 16:00 President Cerdini calls a civil party, Alexandre Halaunbrenner, to testify; the civil party presents himself to the court 16:02 The witness recounts his family's arrest and internment at the Nexon, Rivesaltes, and Gurs camps; his father was separated from the family in a separate work camp; the family was liberated under surveillance in the region of Lyon, and Gestapo members came to the fami...

  19. Barbie Trial -- Day 16 -- A written deposition is presented; a witness testifies

    13:44 President Cerdini calls the session to order; asks that the accused present himself; Barbie refuses to appear; Cerdini calls on the bailiff to compel the accused to appear 13:45 The bailiff reads the names of the witnesses scheduled to give testimony in the session 13:48 Cerdini suspends the session while the bailiff goes to Barbie to compel him to appear 14:08 Cerdini calls the session to order; the bailiff reads Barbie's statement that he refuses to appear 14:10 Prosecutor Nogueres presents new information to the court, following a deposition made by the widow of a victim of Barbie'...

  20. Barbie Trial -- Day 16 -- Three civil parties testify

    15:51 President Cerdini calls a civil party, Mrs. Alice Arnault, née Zohar, to the stand; the civil party presents herself to the court 15:52 Mrs. Arnault describes her arrest in July 1944, by a member of the Gestapo; he explained to her that she had been denominated by someone called 'Le Boiteux,' and that there was a 5,000 franc prize on her head; she was quickly transferred to Montluc, and then sent on the August 11 transport to Drancy and then to Auschwitz; the witness was then transfered to a forced labor camp in Kratszau, where she worked in a factory 15:58 President Cerdini comments ...