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Displaying items 2,541 to 2,560 of 3,431
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  1. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, acquired by Czech refugee

    1. Raul Hilberg collection

    50 (funfzig) mark Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp note given to Raul Hilberg by Frank Petschek, who, with his wife, as well as the extended Petschek family, had to flee Czechoslovakia after its annexation by Nazi Germany in fall 1938. After the war, the confiscation of the Petschek family's vast business and land holdings by the Nazi regime were used for a major case in the War Criminals trials at Nuremberg. Hilberg and his parents fled Vienna, Austria, after its annexation by Germany in March 1938. It was Petschek's generosity that made possible the publication of Hilberg's landmark work,...

  2. White bead rosary on a chain with a cross

  3. Concentration camp uniform jacket worn by a Polish Jewish inmate

    1. Henry Carter collection

    Striped concentration camp uniform jacket worn by Henryk Karter while a prisoner in Auschwitz I, II, and III concentration camps from December 1942-January 1945. Henryk, wife Edith, and children Jurek, 3, and Halina, 5 months, fled Bielsko, Poland, for Krakow during the German invasion in September 1939. In June 1941, the family was forced into the Krakow ghetto. In late 1941, Henryk was arrested for resistance activity by the Gestapo. In December 1942, he was sent to Auschwitz-Birkenau as a political prisoner and tattooed with the number 90065. In February 1943, he was sent to Auschwitz II...

  4. Concentration camp uniform pants worn by a Polish Jewish inmate

    1. Henry Carter collection

    Striped concentration camp uniform pants worn by Henryk Karter while a prisoner in Auschwitz I, II, and III concentration camps from December 1942-January 1945. Henryk, wife Edith, and children Jurek, 3, and Halina, 5 months, fled Bielsko, Poland, for Krakow during the German invasion in September 1939. In June 1941, the family was forced into the Krakow ghetto. In late 1941, Henryk was arrested for resistance activity by the Gestapo. In December 1942, he was sent to Auschwitz-Birkenau as a political prisoner and tattooed with the number 90065. In February 1943, he was sent to Auschwitz III...

  5. Concentration camp uniform cap with 90065 worn by a Polish Jewish inmate

    1. Henry Carter collection

    Striped concentration camp uniform cap worn by Henryk Karter while a prisoner in Auschwitz I, II, and III concentration camps from December 1942-January 1945. It has his prisoner number 90065 embroidered on the front. Armband with a red cross worn by Henryk Karter while a prisoner and nurse in Block 19, the hospital, in Auschwitz I concentration camp, from ca. 1943 until his liberation in January 1945. Henryk, wife Edith, and children Jurek, 3, and Halina, 5 months, fled Bielsko, Poland, for Krakow during the German invasion in September 1939. In June 1941, the family was forced into the Kr...

  6. Star of David membership pin owned by a former concentration camp inmate

    1. Henry Carter collection

    Star of David lapel pin owned by Henryk Karter identifying him as a member of an association of former Nazi prisoners based in Israel. Henryk, wife Edith, and children Jurek, 3, and Halina, 5 months, fled Bielsko, Poland, for Krakow during the German invasion in September 1939. In June 1941, the family was forced into the Krakow ghetto. In late 1941, Henryk was arrested for resistance activity by the Gestapo. In December 1942, he was sent to Auschwitz-Birkenau as a political prisoner and tattooed with the number 90065. In February 1943, he was sent to Auschwitz III-Monowitz (Buna). After si...

  7. White armband with a red cross worn by a concentration camp inmate

    1. Henry Carter collection

    Armband with a red cross worn by Henryk Karter while a prisoner and nurse in Block 19, the hospital, in Auschwitz I concentration camp, from ca. 1943 until his liberation in January 1945. Henryk, wife Edith, and children Jurek, 3, and Halina, 5 months, fled Bielsko, Poland, for Krakow during the German invasion in September 1939. In June 1941, the family was forced into the Krakow ghetto. In late 1941, Henryk was arrested for resistance activity by the Gestapo. In December 1942, he was sent to Auschwitz-Birkenau as a political prisoner and tattooed with the number 90065. In February 1943, h...

  8. Great Rebirth of Germany Book with stereoscopic glasses and photos celebrating the Anschluss

    1. Abraham Saifer collection

    Propaganda book containing stereo-optic glasses and 120 double imaged photographs to be viewed with the glasses. The book and photographs deal with Hitler's conquest of Austria; text written by Karl Bartz, forward by Hermann Goerring and photographs taken by Heinrich Hoffman; published by the NSDAP.

  9. Henry Kalmus papers

    The Henry Kalmus papers consist chiefly of correspondence received by Kalmus from Vilmos Forgács, and from other friends and professional colleagues that he knew from his time in Budapest, when he worked as an engineer at Orion Radio (Hungarian Tungsten Lamp Works). Most of the correspondence dates from 1938 - 1948, beginning in the year that Kalmus left Hungary to immigrate to the United States. Initial letters inquire after Kalmus’ life abroad as well as report on day to day events in Budapest. In a few letters, references are made to attempts to emigrate from Hungary, both on the efforts...

  10. Looped metal whip that may have been used at Auschwitz given to a Ukrainian journalist covering the Nuremberg Trials

    1. Miroslav Hrijoriev Gregory collection

    Hand crafted metal whip given to Miroslav Hrijoriev Gregory, a Ukrainian journalist, in Nuremberg, Germany, in early 1947 while he was covering the proceedings of the Nuremberg Trials. The whip was supposedly used by an Auschwitz concentration camp guard, nicknamed Chocolata, and presented as evidence during trial proceedings. Miroslav was a Ukrainian journalist and illustrator, as well as a socialist who opposed the Soviet-style communist government of Ukraine during the early 1930s. Miroslav fled to Prague, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-1930s. He was married to a doctor, Eugenia, and in 1940...

  11. Stephan H. Lewy papers

    1. Stephan H. Lewy collection

    Consists of two pieces of written testimony entitled, "The year 1938....A year in my life I would like to forget," and "Return to Berlin, Germany After 58 Years," both written by Stephan Lewy. "The Year 1938" includes information about acquiring a prayer book and camera, along with images of each item (also part of the donation). Also includes a photograph of boys living in the Auerbach orphanage in Berlin, circa 1905; the train tickets and insurance his father and stepmother purchased to escape from Germany to France in 1939; a 1942 ORT certificate for training undertaken by Stephan in the...

  12. Agfa Box 44 camera carried with a German Jewish boy on a Kindertransport to France

    1. Stephan H. Lewy collection

    Agfa 44 box camera, or Preisbox, given to Heinz Stephan Lewy for his bar mitzvah in March 1938 in Berlin, Germany. He took it with him in July 1939 when he left on a Kindertransport to France. When Hitler came to power in Germany in January 1933, Heinz was in an orphanage in Berlin, because his father Arthur was unable to care for Heinz by himself. In late 1933, Arthur was arrested because he was a Socialist and sent to Oranienburg concentration camp. He was beaten severely and had a heart attack, but was soon released. On March 11, 1938, Heinz became a bar mitzvah. Arthur was arrested for ...

  13. Prayer book

    1. Stephan H. Lewy collection

    Prayer book given to Heinz Stephan Lewy for his 14th birthday by his friend Gerhard Rosenzweig (later Gerry Gerhard) when both youths were living in Quincy, France. They had arrived there on July 4, 1939, Kindertransport from Berlin, Germany, organized to save Jewish children from persecution by the Nazi dictatorship. They had previously lived in the Auerbach orphanage in Berlin. After Germany invaded France in May 1940, the boys and the other refugees fled south, but returned to Quincy after encountering German soldiers. In fall 1940, Quaker aid workers took them to Chateau de Chabannes in...

  14. British Army paratrooper's jacket worn in combat by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Manfred and Anita Lamm Gans family collection

    British Airborne paratrooper's Denison jacket with a camouflage pattern worn by 22 year old Manfred Gans, a Jewish refugee from Germany, while serving as a Marine Commando for the British Army from May 1944 to May 1945. The Denison smock was designed with an adjustable tail flap, and worn over standard battle dress to keep gear secured when a paratrooper deployed his parachute. In January 1933, Adolf Hitler became the chancellor of Germany and implemented anti-Jewish laws. In July 1938, Manfred went to England. On September 3, 1939, Great Britain declared war against Germany, and Manfred wa...

  15. German State criminal police and a Gestapo warrant badge on a chain acquired by a US soldier

    1. Harold B. Goldberg collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn84939
    • English
    • a: Height: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Width: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) b: Height: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Width: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) c: Height: 8.875 inches (22.543 cm)

    Two warrant discs [Dienstmarken], silver for the Gestapo [Geheime Staatspolizei], the secret state police, and bronze for the State criminal police [Kriminalpolizei] in Nazi Germany brought back from the war by Harold Goldberg, an American soldier who served in Europe, circa 1945-1946, during and after World War II. After Himmler centralized the police forces in the German Reich in the mid-1930s, these became the official identification badges for the Gestapo and the state criminal police. They are stamped with individual officer's numbers and were generally suspended from a chain. They had...

  16. Dr. Willy Katz papers

    1. Dr. Willy Katz collection

    The Dr. Willy Katz papers consist of biographical materials, correspondence, photographs, printed materials, and subject files documenting Dr. Katz’s medical service during World War I; his first wife, their child, and his second wife; and his work as the head of the Jewish health care center in Dresden during World War II. Biographical materials include certificates, military records, questionnaires, medical records, and a memorial service description documenting Dr. Katz’s service in World War I, his marriage to Helene Katz, his medical practice during World War II, his illness, and death...

  17. Plastic doll with handmade clothes received by girl in DP camp

    1. Paul and Sally Comins Edelsberg family and Kurt Clark collection

    Small plastic doll with blonde hair and handmade clothes received by Zelda Kamieniecki as a child in Neu Ulm displaced persons camp in Germany in 1947. Zelda was an infant in August 1941 when German troops occupied her birthplace, Rovno, Poland (Rivne (Rivnensʹka oblastʹ, Ukraine). Zelda and her mother Chana Bebczuk Wachs were relocated to a labor camp. Chana worked digging ditches in the nearby forest. In 1943, the Gestapo came to the camp with orders to transport 5000 people, including Zelda and Chana, to a different camp. Everyone was loaded into wagons and taken toward the woods where t...

  18. Pair of child's brown leather ankle boots received by girl in DP camp

    1. Paul and Sally Comins Edelsberg family and Kurt Clark collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn85148
    • English
    • a: Height: 8.375 inches (21.273 cm) | Depth: 5.125 inches (13.017 cm) b: Height: 8.375 inches (21.273 cm) | Width: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) | Depth: 5.125 inches (13.017 cm)

    Brown leather ankle boots received by Zelda Kamieniecki as a child in Neu Ulm displaced persons camp in Germany in 1947. Zelda was an infant in August 1941 when German troops occupied her birthplace, Rovno, Poland (Rivne (Rivnensʹka oblastʹ, Ukraine). Zelda and her mother Chana Bebczuk Wachs were relocated to a labor camp. Chana worked digging ditches in the nearby forest. In 1943, the Gestapo came to the camp with orders to transport 5000 people, including Zelda and Chana, to a different camp. Everyone was loaded into wagons and taken toward the woods where the ditches had been dug. Chana ...

  19. Child's flowered blue dress received by girl in DP camp

    1. Paul and Sally Comins Edelsberg family and Kurt Clark collection

    Blue flowered dress received by Zelda Kamieniecki as a child in Neu Ulm displaced persons camp in Germany in 1947. Zelda was an infant in August 1941 when German troops occupied her birthplace, Rovno, Poland (Rivne (Rivnensʹka oblastʹ, Ukraine). Zelda and her mother Chana Bebczuk Wachs were relocated to a labor camp. Chana worked digging ditches in the nearby forest. In 1943, the Gestapo came to the camp with orders to transport 5000 people, including Zelda and Chana, to a different camp. Everyone was loaded into wagons and taken toward the woods where the ditches had been dug. Chana convin...

  20. Otto Pankok woodcut of a Sinti man in a hat

    1. Otto Pankok collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn8526
    • English
    • 1948
    • overall: Height: 19.000 inches (48.26 cm) | Width: 25.125 inches (63.818 cm) pictorial area: Height: 11.375 inches (28.893 cm) | Width: 12.125 inches (30.798 cm)

    Woodcut portrait of a Sinti man, Papelon, created by Otto Pankok, a German artist persecuted by the Nazi regime. In the 1920s, he was part of the avant garde Junge Rheinland group with Otto Dix, Gert Wollheim, Karl Schwesig, and Adolf Uzarski. Around 1930, Pankok became fascinated by the itinerant life led by Roma and Sinti, and exhibited his first series of portraits in 1932 at the Dusseldorf Kunsthalle. Under the Nazi regime which came to power in 1933, art and culture had to serve to promote national socialist ideology. Modern art was denounced as a tool of the international Jewish consp...