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Displaying items 6,661 to 6,679 of 6,679
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Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. Tremolo style Opera harmonica owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Salomon and Berg families collection

    Opera brand harmonica acquired by Alfred Berg as a child in Vienna, Austria before his emigration in 1939. The harmonica was made by the Max Spranger Company based in Brunndöbra, Germany. Alfred was a teenage boy living in Vienna with his parents and younger sister Charlotte when Germany annexed Austria in the Anschluss on March 13, 1938. German authorities quickly created new legislation that restricted Jewish life. Alfred was targeted by bullies because of his Jewish heritage and on November 9-10 during the Kristallnacht pogrom, his father was arrested and later released by local police. ...

  2. George Birman papers

    1. George Birman collection

    The George Birman papers consist of an admission ticket to the International Military Tribunal, eight pocket size daily agenda planners, biographical materials, photographic materials, and printed materials documenting George Birman’s childhood in Lithuania, his confinement with his father, Abel Birman, in the Kovno (Kaunas) ghetto, his work at the Kedahnen (Kedainiai) labor camp, and his postwar education and work with displaced persons in Vienna. The admission ticket permitted entrance to the visitor’s gallery of the International Military Tribunal during session 116. Eight pocket size da...

  3. Leather belt with 2 sets of holes worn postwar by Lithuanian labor camp inmate / aid worker

    1. George Birman collection

    Leather belt worn by 22 year old Hirsch Birman following his escape from Kedhanen labor camp in 1944. Hirsch was living in Kovno, (Kaunas) Lithuania, with his father Abel, when Germany occupied the city on June 22, 1941. On August 15, they were forced into a sealed ghetto. Hirsch was sent to labor camp Kedahnen in September 1942, and Abel arrived in spring 1943. During the camp's evacuation on July 9, 1944, due to approaching Russian forces, they escaped through holes that Hirsch cut with pliers in the barbed wire fences. They hid in the forest until local farmers told them it was safe to c...

  4. Pliers used by Lithuanian labor camp inmate to escape

    1. George Birman collection

    Cutting combination pliers used by 22 year old Hirsch Birman to escape the German labor camp, Kedahnen on July 9, 1944. Hirsch was living in Kovno, (Kaunas) Lithuania, with his father Abel, when Germany occupied the city on June 22, 1941. On August 15, they were forced into a sealed ghetto. Hirsch was sent to labor camp Kedahnen in September 1942, and Abel arrived in spring 1943. During the camp's evacuation on July 9, 1944, due to approaching Russian forces, they escaped through holes that Hirsch cut with pliers in the barbed wire fences. They hid in the forest until local farmers told the...

  5. Brown strap wrist watch worn postwar by a former labor camp inmate and aid worker

    1. George Birman collection

    Dark brown leather wrist watch worn by Hirsch Birman after the war as a refugee in Vienna, Austria. Hirsch and his father Abel lived in Kovno, (Kaunas) Lithuania, which was occupied by Germany on June 22, 1941. They fled, but were caught and brought back. On August 15, they were forced into a sealed ghetto. Hirsch was sent to Kedahnen concentration/labor camp in September, and Abel arrived in spring 1943. When the camp was being evacuated on July 9, 1944, due to approaching Soviet forces, they escaped through holes that Hirsch cut with pliers in the barbed wire fences. They hid in the fores...

  6. Hunting knife with leather sheath used by Lithuanian labor camp inmate

    1. George Birman collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn13556
    • English
    • a: Height: 8.125 inches (20.638 cm) | Width: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Depth: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) b: Height: 8.375 inches (21.273 cm) | Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Depth: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm)

    Survival knife with a leather sheath worn by Hirsch Birman, who called it a Boy Scout knife, following his escape from Kedhanen concentration/labor camp in July 1944. Hirsch and his father Abel lived in Kovno, (Kaunas) Lithuania, which was occupied by Germany on June 22, 1941. They fled, but were caught and brought back. On August 15, they were forced into a sealed ghetto. Hirsch was sent to Kedahnen concentration/labor camp in September, and Abel arrived in spring 1943. When the camp was being evacuated on July 9, 1944, due to approaching Soviet forces, they escaped through holes that Hirs...

  7. Langenscheidt's pocket dictionary Dictionary

    1. Salomon and Berg families collection

    Alfred Berg was a teenage boy living in Vienna with his parents and younger sister Charlotte when Germany annexed Austria in the Anschluss on March 13, 1938. German authorities quickly created new legislation that restricted Jewish life. Alfred was targeted by bullies because of his Jewish heritage and on November 9-10 during the Kristallnacht pogrom, his father was arrested and later released by local police. In May 1939, Charlotte was one of fifty Jewish children from Vienna selected by Americans Gilbert and Eleanor Krauss to be rescued from the Nazis and taken to the United States. Days ...

  8. Prayer Book for the Holidays Prayer Book for the New Year (Rosh Hashanah) New Year prayer book inscribed by the brother of a German Kindertransport refugee

    1. Baer family collection

    Prayer book for the first and second day of Rosh Hashanah that belonged to Lore Baer’s brother Max and is inscribed with his name. Lore was living with her father, Hellmuth, and mother, Hedwig, in Mannheim, Germany, when on November 10, 1938, during the Kristallnacht pogrom, German SS officers entered the family’s apartment, destroyed their belongings, arrested Hellmuth, and sent him to Dachau concentration camp. Lore’s mother secured his release in December 1938, and got him passage to Shanghai. In May 1939, Lore was sent to England on a Kindertransport. Lore’s brother Max was studying in ...

  9. Prayers of the Israelites Yom Kippur prayer book given to a German Kindertransport refugee by her father

    1. Baer family collection

    Prayer book for the first evening and second day of Yom Kippur inscribed with a message to Lore Baer for her 13th birthday by her father, Hellmuth Baer, while he was in Shanghai, China. Lore was living with her father and mother, Hedwig in Mannheim, Germany, when on November 10, 1938, during the Kristallnacht pogrom, German SS officers entered the family’s apartment, destroyed their belongings, arrested Hellmuth, and sent him to Dachau concentration camp. Lore’s mother secured his release in December 1938, and got him passage to Shanghai. In May 1939, Lore was sent to England on a Kindertra...

  10. Prayer Book for the Holidays Prayer Book for Passover Passover prayer book inscribed by the brother of a German Kindertransport refugee

    1. Baer family collection

    Prayer book for the first and second day of Passover that belonged to Lore Baer’s brother Max and is inscribed with his name. Lore was living with her father, Hellmuth, and mother, Hedwig in Mannheim, Germany, when on November 10, 1938, during the Kristallnacht pogrom, German SS officers entered the family’s apartment, destroyed their belongings, arrested Hellmuth, and sent him to Dachau concentration camp. Lore’s mother secured his release in December 1938, and got him passage to Shanghai. In May 1939, Lore was sent to England on a Kindertransport. Lore’s brother Max was studying in Italy,...

  11. Prayer Book for the Holidays Prayer Book for the Evening of Reconciliation (Maariv Yom Kippur) Prayer Book for the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) Gebetbuch für den Versöhnungstag Evening of Reconciliation prayer book inscribed by the brother of a German Kindertransport refugee

    1. Baer family collection

    Prayer book for Yom Kippur that belonged to Lore Baer’s brother Max and is inscribed with his name. Lore was living with her father, Hellmuth, and mother, Hedwig in Mannheim, Germany, when on November 10, 1938, during the Kristallnacht pogrom, German SS officers entered the family’s apartment, destroyed their belongings, arrested Hellmuth, and sent him to Dachau concentration camp. Lore’s mother secured his release in December 1938, and got him passage to Shanghai. In May 1939, Lore was sent to England on a Kindertransport. Lore’s brother Max was studying in Italy, and came to visit her in ...

  12. Prayer Book for the Holidays Prayer Book for the Feast of Weeks Shavuot prayer book inscribed by the brother of a German Kindertransport refugee

    1. Baer family collection

    Prayer book for Shavuot that belonged to Lore Baer’s brother Max and is inscribed with his name. Lore was living with her father, Hellmuth, and mother, Hedwig in Mannheim, Germany, when on November 10, 1938, during the Kristallnacht pogrom, German SS officers entered the family’s apartment, destroyed their belongings, arrested Hellmuth, and sent him to Dachau concentration camp. Lore’s mother secured his release in December 1938, and got him passage to Shanghai. In May 1939, Lore was sent to England on a Kindertransport. Lore’s brother Max was studying in Italy, and came to visit her in Eng...

  13. Prayers of the Israelites Rosh Hashanah Rosh Hashanah prayer book given to a German Kindertransport refugee by her father

    1. Baer family collection

    Prayer book for the first and second day of Rosh Hashanah inscribed with a message to Lore Baer for her 13th birthday by her father, Hellmuth Baer, while he was in Shanghai, China. Lore was living with her father and mother, Hedwig in Mannheim, Germany, when on November 10, 1938, during the Kristallnacht pogrom, German SS officers entered the family’s apartment, destroyed their belongings, arrested Hellmuth, and sent him to Dachau concentration camp. Lore’s mother secured his release in December 1938, and got him passage to Shanghai. In May 1939, Lore was sent to England on a Kindertranspor...

  14. Prayer Book for the Holidays Prayer book for Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot) Prayer book for the Closing and Joy Celebration (Shemini Atzeret and Simchat Torah) Gebetbuch für das Schlusz- und Freudenfest Feast of Tabernacles prayer book inscribed by the brother of a German Kindertransport refugee

    1. Baer family collection

    Prayer book for Sukkot and Shemini Atzeret and Simchat Torah that belonged to Lore Baer’s brother Max and is inscribed with his name. Lore was living with her father, Hellmuth, and mother, Hedwig in Mannheim, Germany, when on November 10, 1938, during the Kristallnacht pogrom, German SS officers entered the family’s apartment, destroyed their belongings, arrested Hellmuth, and sent him to Dachau concentration camp. Lore’s mother secured his release in December 1938, and got him passage to Shanghai. In May 1939, Lore was sent to England on a Kindertransport. Lore’s brother Max was studying i...

  15. "We Jewish Refugees in Italy" "Enquiry Results February 1946"

    1. Douglas Smith collection

    Consists of a copy of a book entitled "We Jewish Refugees in Italy: Enquiry Results, February 1946," published by the Organization of Jewish Refugees in Italy, Central Committee" in 1946, based on a survey of more than 12,000 Jewish refugees in post-war Italy. The text includes information about individual experiences, charts, and survey results.

  16. Reports of the Detachment F1E2, 2nd ECAR of the Seventh U.S. Army in Mannheim, Germany, concerning displaced persons

    1. Albert Hutler collection

    Consists of copies of military documents (approximately 72 pages), principally weekly functional reports sent by Albert Hutler (then a First Lieutenant with U.S. Army occupation forces in the vicinity of Mannheim, Germany) to his commanding officer, then on to Seventh U.S. Army headquarters. Includes information concerning displaced persons camp population statistics, movements of displaced persons by railroad, rationing of food in the displaced persons camps, organization of labor in displaced persons camps, training programs for UNRRA personnel working in the camps, and the repatriation o...

  17. Articles and U.S. military records relating to displaced persons in postwar Europe

    1. Albert Hutler collection

    Includes copies of military documents and other materials from various U.S. Army authorities (e.g., 7th U.S. Army, Headquarters USFET, SHAEF) in postwar Europe concerning the management, care, living conditions, and repatriation of displaced persons. Also included are two copies of the report written by Earl G. Harrison to President Truman in 1945 concerning conditions for displaced persons in Europe, together with a condensed version of the same report that appeared in the "National Jewish monthly," November 1945 issue.

  18. Albert Hutler letters relating to displaced persons in the American Zone of occupied Germany

    1. Albert Hutler collection

    Relates to U.S. Army's military government postwar management and care of displaced persons and their repatriation, particularly in the American Zone of occupied Germany.

  19. Nuremberg: War Crimes Trial (IMT) - Soviet compilation

    Russian film produced by the Central Studio of Documentary Films in Moscow about the War Crimes Trial (IMT) in Nuremberg. Reel 4 begins with archival footage of Warsaw bombardment: Goering pointing to a map, quickly cutting to an aerial LS of a descending German plane cuts to an aerial shot depicting bombs dropping past lens. CU Goering in courtroom. Montage of archival footage depicting German soldiers entering Paris, often smiling at the camera intercut with MS of French prosecutor addressing court. MS British Prosecutor Hartley Shawcross. Montage of footage of German U-boats under Doenit...