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Displaying items 81 to 100 of 855
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Country: Israel

  1. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of a rabbi from a town in Galicia, b. 1910. He tells of the entry of the Germans into his city. At first they seemed well-intentioned, but soon started taking Jews, including women and girls, for forced hard labor. Jewish shops were robbed while Christian shops and businesses were untouched. The rabbi received a summons from the city military governor, and was ordered that the city must be free of Jews within several hours; any Jew remaining in the city will be shot. The soldiers drove the Jews out of their homes toward the Russian border and photographed the struggling crowd. The...

  2. [DALJEWCIB Correspondence regarding the situation in Shanghai, advice for refugees, living conditions and numerous information]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    DALJEWCIB Correspondence regarding the living situation of Jewish refugees and emigrees in China, including Shanghai,Japanese occupied Dairen and Harbin in Mandchukuo. The correspondence is detailing living conditions, the overall political situation and many more aspects in reports and personal correspondence with potential emigrees and people who have already arrived in China and have sent word of their current state of affairs.

  3. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of Moshe D., 55 year old, from Warsaw. He and all his family were in Brok for the High Holidays at the beginning of the war. Returning to Warsaw, they found much of the city destroyed by German bombardment. The author provides a detailed list of streets and areas destroyed, showing the massive scale of the damage and notes that human casualties numbered in the hundreds. He notes the prominence of Warsaw Jews in civilian relief efforts and defense effort, and their all-round contribution. After the Germans entered Warsaw, the author describes them providing food t the population by...

  4. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of Chaim Leib D., 21 year old weaver from Pabianice. He describes leaving Pabianice for Warsaw at the beginning of the war with most ale-bodied men, leaving behind only the weak and elderly. In Warsaw he was involved in the civilian effort against the German invasion in building barricades in the streets. He describes the deprivation and lack of products and supplies during the later days of the way, and the expulsion of refugees from Warsaw by edict. Returning to Pabianice he encountered severe antagonism from the Polish population, who refused to sell him food even for money, an...

  5. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of Israel I., a yeshiva student from Lida, left October 22, 1939 with his yeshiva which relocated communally from Kleck to Vilnius. He describes German bombardment of the city, which resulted in over 60 casualties, Jews and Christians. The Polish military left the city, leaving it to a local militia, which consisted of both Jews and Poles, led by a local Polish dignitary. There were rumors that the Polish population was planning a pogrom, but nothing happened. The Soviets entered the city in mid-September and were generally well-inclined to the Jewish population. Life in the city ...

  6. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    In his statement, 46 year old Zalman Pudlowski, a textile worker and member of the Algemeyner Yidisher Arbeter Bund in Lite, Poyln un Rusland (General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Poland and Russia) describes his escape from Bełcható to Łódź. He depicts a shift in the Polish Christian - Jewish relations from friendly to violent and how he was arrested in Błonie and forced to work. He furthemore gives details about the life in Warsaw, bombings by the Nazis, the panic among the Polish citizens and the arrest of the leadership of the Bund. Protocol No. 15 is an extract from a volume of pro...

  7. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of Lucian Teitelboim, 22 year old radio electrician from Warsaw, a soldier in the 13th Wilno Uhlan regiment. He describes the military's uncertainty as information was concealed for fear of spies, and general fear. Though casualties from bombardment were not large among the military, civilians were killed, including women and children. No actions were taken against the German airplanes. He describes the disorganization and lack of discipline in the ranks after bombardments as well as possible desertions by officers. He describes how after the routing of the regiment and its surren...

  8. [Visas for Shanghai refugees for entry into Mandchukuo via Japanese occupied Dairen]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    The response of DALJEWCIB office in Harbin concerning a request for entry visas for Jewish refugees from Shanghai willing to relocate to Harbin, Manchoukuo, and transit visas for Japanese occupied Dairen in Northern China.

  9. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland: Statement No 114]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of David M., a 24 year old journalist from Brok. He tells how on Saturday, September 9, Brok was lit on fire by the Germans who poured gasoline on the houses and burned down 110 Jewish homes. That same night the Germans shot or stabbed 38 Jews. They ordered all Jews to gather in the church, and shot anyone who remained outside, or did not go fast enough. The Jews were deported to the detainee-camp at Ostrow Mazowiecka where they were put to work without food for three days. Eventually they were freed, and most of the Jewish population of Brok left for Zambrow. Protocol No. 114 is ...

  10. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of P. L., 24 year old from Krakow. He tells how in the first few days of the war the city government and police evacuated, and he left on a train with other evacuees to Tarnów and then to Jarosław and to Wyszkow where he remained for three weeks until the Russians left. Protocol No. 154 is an extract from a volume of protocols /statements provided by a group of Polish-Jewish refugee writers and journalists who fled to Vilnius, Lithuania. In 1939 they formed a committee to collect evidence on the condition of the Jews in Poland.

  11. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of K. G., who left Warsaw on November 7th, 1939. K. G. describes his return to Warsaw with the evacuee-trains from Łomża, the bombing of trains and the destruction of train-stations along the way. In Warsaw, K. G. formed part of the Jewish Citizen's committee, a body that was responsible for the Jewish population of Warsaw and the upcoming war. The committee conducted several meetings, all under fire, and coordinated with other organizations in Warsaw both receiving and giving philanthropic aid. The heavy bombardments and destruction of buildings city-wide have, however, disrupted...

  12. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of Pierazky, Binyamin-Eliyahu, a 27 year old metal-worker and factory engineer from Warsaw. He describes how he fled from Poland with his six brothers, and lost them along the way. He describes train bombardments and fires that burned through the night, and the abandonment of the wounded by Polish military in retreat, despite the attempt of a Jewish doctor to force them to take the wounded. Some of the refugees were killed along the way as the group made its way by train to Lublin. Eventually the author arrived alone to Vilnius where he was helped by kind people, and was attemptin...

  13. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of S. L., a yeshiva student from Goworowo, who studied in yeshivas in Bialystok and Ostrow Mazowieck, b. April 28, 1918. He tells of how he returned to Goworowo to be with his parents the day before the war. When the Germans entered town they took upward of 500 young men, Jews and Poles, first to Ostrow Mazowiecki, and from there by train to Germany, to Hohenstein in Ostpreußen where the prisoners were put to work in a camp situated near the WWI memorial. He describes the difficult conditions in the camp, the lack of food and water while they were in transport, and the brutal shoo...

  14. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of Abraham R., 20 year old from Lomza. He tells of the German bombardments of Lomza and noted a single Jewish casualty, then tells of his own deportation to a detainee-camp in Rastenburg, Germany (now Ketrzyn, Poland), where about 1300 Jews were held without food. Each night the prisoners received a loaf of bread per 4 men, and no more. He describes how on arrival of Polish prisoners, the Germans and Poles took the Jews' clothes, and how three men died because they couldn't handle the cold, hunger and disease. he was in the camp for three weeks, and was freed eventually together w...

  15. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of J. K. a 30 year old trader from Przemyśl who returned there from Warsaw at the beginning of October. He describes how the city was initially taken over by the Germans who bombarded it; many people were left homeless. During the first days of the German occupation all Jewish stores were looted, with the Germans recording a film claiming the Christian population of the city looted them. Additionally, the author describes mass arrests of the Jewish intelligentsia of the city, and their mass execution. The Jews were required to pay large sums to free the arrestees but received only...

  16. [Memorandum for the conference of the High Commission for German refugees]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    The file contains a memorandum regarding a conference for the High Commissionar for German refugees, which took place on the 2nd. of June 1936 is Geneva. The 'National Committee for German refugees' tried to present their views and proposals for the conference. Topics of the memorandum were questions of German emigration to Czechoslovakia. Specifically the legal standing of the German emigrants in Czechoslovakia and the right of asylum. But the right of asylum is not just a matter of legal arrangement, also the social problems of emigration were demonstrated in the memorandum. Furthermore t...

  17. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of Lejzer-Isaac Gottlieb, a yeshiva student from Mir. He left Opatów two days before the Germans entered it, for Bialystok. He describes the German aerial bombardment, and a flood of refugees into Bialystok, as well as the burning of Torah scrolls by the Germans. He fled on through Vawkavysk, and eventually found the Soviets in Navahrudak, where he notes Polish resistance and shots fired by partisans. He mentions the rumours f the burning of several Jewish communities by the germans' bombardment or soldier actions, but cannot confirm these rumors. Protocol No. 28 is an extract fro...

  18. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of J. L., 18 year old yeshiva student from Koden, a small town by Biala Podlaska of 100 Jewish families. He tells how most of the Jewish population left Koden for Brisk before the Germans entered it, while the Christian population remained. He continued his studies in the Brisk yeshiva. Protocol No. 151 is an extract from a volume of protocols /statements provided by a group of Polish-Jewish refugee writers and journalists who fled to Vilnius, Lithuania. In 1939 they formed a committee to collect evidence on the condition of the Jews in Poland under Nazi occupation.

  19. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland: Statement No 86]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of Marcus Z., 23 years old compositor from Warsaw. He left Warsaw with some of his young friends and was caught in a refugee camp in Mińsk Mazowiecki, where he describes thousands of refugees living in difficult conditions. He returned to Warsaw where he heard German artillery, and severe bombardment that resulted in fires that killed many and spread for several days due to lack of water. Protocol No. 86 is an extract from a volume of protocols /statements provided by a group of Polish-Jewish refugee writers and journalists who fled to Vilnius, Lithuania. In 1939 they formed a com...

  20. [Testimonies given in Vilnius by Jewish refugees from German occupied Poland]

    1. The Alfred Wiener documents collection

    Testimony of G., a woman from Kutno. She describes the bombings and the ruin of the town, which was burnt completely leaving not a single house whole. The casualties were so numerous the hospitals and public buildings were packed with them. Gąbin and Plock, the neighboring towns, were also destroyed. She describes how after the occupation of Kutno by the Germans the local Jewish intelligentsia was arrested and conscripted to forced labor with the assistance of the local Poles, and Yom Kippur services were forbidden. She and her 2-year-old child left Kutno to find her husband who was in the ...