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Displaying items 1,741 to 1,760 of 3,431
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  1. Looped metal whip that may have been used at Auschwitz given to a Ukrainian journalist covering the Nuremberg Trials

    1. Miroslav Hrijoriev Gregory collection

    Hand crafted metal whip given to Miroslav Hrijoriev Gregory, a Ukrainian journalist, in Nuremberg, Germany, in early 1947 while he was covering the proceedings of the Nuremberg Trials. The whip was supposedly used by an Auschwitz concentration camp guard, nicknamed Chocolata, and presented as evidence during trial proceedings. Miroslav was a Ukrainian journalist and illustrator, as well as a socialist who opposed the Soviet-style communist government of Ukraine during the early 1930s. Miroslav fled to Prague, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-1930s. He was married to a doctor, Eugenia, and in 1940...

  2. Concentration camp uniform jacket worn by a non-Jewish doctor/resistance member

    1. Julius de Clercq Zubli collection

    Striped concentration camp uniform jacket worn by Dr. Julius de Clercq Zubli in Sachenhausen concentration camp in Germany from September 1944-April 1945. Zubli was a non-Jewish Dutch physician in Amsterdam who aided Jews and the Dutch resistance in German-occupied Netherlands, 1940-1945. Zubli issued papers to Jews falsely stating that they had a contagious disease which delayed their deportation. He helped Jews go into hiding and delivered false food ration cards for the underground. In May 1944, Julius was arrested while caring for resistance leader, Gerrit van der Veen, shot during an a...

  3. Prisoner ID bracelet worn by a non-Jewish doctor imprisoned for resistance activity

    1. Julius de Clercq Zubli collection

    Prisoner identification bracelet worn by Dr. Julius de Clercq Zubli in Sachenhausen concentration camp in Germany from September 1944-April 1945. Zubli was a non-Jewish Dutch physician in Amsterdam who aided Jews and the Dutch resistance in German-occupied Netherlands, 1940-1945. Zubli issued papers to Jews falsely stating that they had a contagious disease which delayed their deportation. He helped Jews go into hiding and delivered false food ration cards for the underground. In May 1944, Julius was arrested while caring for resistance leader, Gerrit van der Veen, shot during an armed raid...

  4. Wedding of Red Orchestra resistance members

    January 25, 1941 wedding of Günther Weisenborn and Margarethe (Joy) Schnable in Berlin. Günther and Joy belonged to the important German resistance group labeled "Rote Kapelle" [Red Orchestra] by the Gestapo. Both were later arrested and survived only with great fortune. Resistance members pictured in the film include Harro Schulze-Boysen and his wife Libertas, the actress Marta Husemann, and famous publisher Ernst Rowohlt. The film opens with a hand-drawn title: “Hochzeit in Schoeneberg”. Horse-drawn carriage with driver. Günther and Joy seated. Berlin street scenes - street cars, tall bui...

  5. Kazimierz Smoleń letters

    1. Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum collection

    Consists of censored letters written by Kazimierz Smoleń to his mother, Helene Smolen, from the Auschwitz concentration camp. Smoleń was one of the earliest Polish political prisoners to arrive at Auschwitz, where he was given prisoner number 1327; he was later a co-founder and director of the Auschwitz State Museum.

  6. Green metal Werk Kratzau labor camp badge worn by an inmate

    Green painted identification pin impressed Werk Kratzau issued to Helen Waterford at Kratzau-Chrastava labor camp, a satellite camp of Gross Rosen concentration camp, where she was interned from October 1944 until May 1945.

  7. Erna Ketchie collection

    1. Erna Ketchie Collection

    The collection primarily consists of correspondence, documents, and photographs related to the Engelbrecht family of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Included are letters exchanged among the family while Johann (Hans) was imprisoned in Buchenwald and his wife Frieda was imprisoned in Frankfurt prior to her deportation to Auschwitz where she perished. Included is the last letter Hans received from Frieda in 1941. Photographs include depictions of Frieda and Hans, and Frieda’s sisters Kathi, Rosa, and Gutta Schwed.

  8. Franz Sobotka papers

    The Franz Sobotka papers consist primarily of letters Franz wrote to his family while imprisoned at Buchenwald. The letters relate how Sobotka misses his family, include instructions for sending him packages, and inquire about news of relatives and friends. The collection also includes letters to him from his wife and son, many with draft replies from him on the versos, as well as a 1944 map of the Weimar SS garrison command (Standortbereich), stamped "SS-Kraftfahr Ausbildungs und Ersatz regiment!"

  9. Jordan family collection

    Collection of photographs relating to the Jordan family from Miskolc, Hungary. Gyula Itzhak Jordan (b. Nov. 30, 1895) and his wife Aranka Zeisler Jordan (b. January 29, 1904), parents of Judit, (b. June 13, 1929). The Jordan family moved to Budapest in 1932, where Judit attended Scottish missionary Burgerschule, but in September 1943 she was transferred to a Jewish Gymnasium. In March 1944, with German invasion of Hungary, Jewish children were not allowed to attend school. The Jordan family had to move to a building marked with a Star of David. Gyula worked in the basement of the building, ...

  10. Hadamar; POWs raid for food; Breendonck torture devices

    Inquests are held at Hadamar with Dr. Wahlmann and Karl Muller (male nurse, morphine). At Meppene, soldiers delousing liberated Russian POWs. Amputees walk by. Prisoners search garbage cans for food. Crowd of disabled prisoners walk by camera in group. Survivors lying down outside, boy passes by in cart/wheelchair. Various shots of wounded/disabled prisoners eating soup, sleeping. Stretcher goes by with naked corpses. CUs, corpses. Three stretchers carried by four men at shoulder height pass in front of barbed wire fence. In Paderborn, Russian soldier argues with person off camera. Liberate...

  11. Denmark during WWII: Copenhagen; refugees escape by boat; underground printing press; Yalta

    MS, EXT Christiansborg Castle. INT, room with ornate table and chairs, empty now because the Danish government resigned. Shops/businesses, including a clothing store and a shoe store, sign reading "...pige Kofektion." Pan up building, where the National Freedom Council held illegal meetings. Memorial wreaths, flowers, ribbons with Danish commemorating fallen soldiers who died on August 29, 1943. View up street [seen in Story 828, Film ID 511] where Danish civilians bring flowers to the King on his 73rd birthday on September 26, 1943. CU, boy with raincoat. 00:06:37 At night, Danish Jews fle...

  12. Robert Jackson, US Prosecutor, at Nuremberg Trial

    (Munich 16) War Crimes Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, February 28, 1946. MLS, front view, US Chief Prosecutor Robert H. Jackson speaking. Jackson states in part that the six criminal organizations to be tried in these proceedings were not selected without considerable study by the prosecution. They were the most vicious and membership within them was entirely voluntary. Those to be indicted are: the Reich Cabinet; the top policy makers of the German Nazi Army; the military police elements of the Gestapo and SD; the Nazi party leaders; and their staff officers on a high level. MSs, Justices Bid...

  13. SD-Section Szczecin SD-Abschnitt Stettin (Fond 1240)

    Correspondence and newspaper clippings relating to the Seventh-Day Adventists and Jehovah's Witnesses, the confiscation of their printed materials, and one item about Jewish influence on churches. Note: USHMM Archives holds only selected records.

  14. Records relating to the participation of Ignaz Riess in the case of Rudolf Bennewitz and Josef Schwammberger

    1. Ignac Reiss collection

    Contains information about testimony provided to West German authorities by Ignaz (or Ignatz) Riess concerning life in the Przemysl ghetto and alleged crimes committed there by Josef Schwammberger and Rudulf Bennewitz. (See NOTES field below for comments on questions concerning the correct spelling of Reiss's given name.).

  15. German concentration camp in Holzen; destruction in German town

    (LIB 5215) German Concentration Camp, Holzen, Germany, April 8, 1945. LSs, soldiers of 329th Regiment, 83rd Division, near German concentration camp. CUs, Russian, Polish, Czech and Jewish prisoners behind barbed-wire fence. VS, undernourished prisoners. MS, internee picking lice from body of another internee. Officers and soldiers speaking with internees. 02:11:58 The newly liberated prisoner, Adriaan Thomson, with his hands clasped together talks to an American officer. MSs, officers leaving cave where French and Italian slave labor was employed making V-1 buzz bombs. (LIB 5216) Pockets, ...

  16. Der Antifaschist Edgar André vom Tode bedroht

    1. Anti-Nazi resistance and opposition

    Edgar André was arrested on the day of the last election in Germany, March 5th, 1933. He was put in solitary confinement after being severely beaten. A short summary of his life is given, describing his social and political work among the poor, first as a socialist and from 1922 onwards as a communist. With the rise of the Nazi movement, he became a serious opponent who was under constant threat. On March 15th, 1931 Ernst Henning, who had replaced André at a worker gathering, was attacked on his way home in a bus by three members of the SA. He and another passenger were killed, several we...

  17. Holocaust survivor A mother writes to her children

    1. Rose De Liema collection

    Contains information about the peaceful life of Rose De Liema in the Netherlands before the Holocaust, the German invasion of the Netherlands, the deaths of most of her family members, her life in hiding, and her eventual capture and deportation to Auschwitz-Birkenau. Also included is information about De Liema's friendship with members of the Anne Frank family in Auschwitz.

  18. Dachau Lied Dachau Song

    1. "Music of the Holocaust" web exhibition

    Playwright Jura Soyfer and composer Herbert Zipper, active in Viennese antifascist cabaret, were arrested by the Gestapo after the German-Austrian Anschluss of 1938. They met again at Dachau, where both toiled as “horses,” hauling cartloads of heavy stone throughout the camp. Soyfer and Zipper wrote Dachau Song in September 1938 as an ironic response to the motto “Arbeit Macht Frei” (Work Makes Freedom) inscribed on the gate at the entrance to the camp. Initially performed in secret, Dachau Song was eventually learned by many camp inmates. Both Soyfer and Zipper believed that exercising the...

  19. Erich K. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Erich K., who was born into an observant family in Moravia. Mr. K. describes his happy childhood; the German occupation in 1939; his arrest, three months later, by the Gestapo for helping people cross the border; and his work in the camps of Dachau (1940), Neuengamme (1941), and Auschwitz (1942-1944) as a locksmith and plumber. He relates witnessing medical experimentation and other atrocities and his gradual desensitization; explains how he managed to survive, and help others, including his wife and son, to survive, even though he was labelled a "Geheimnistra?ger", i...

  20. Gertrud K. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Gertrud K., who was born in Vienna, Austria in 1923. Mrs. K. recalls a comfortable life; strong Jewish identity; watching mass demonstrations when the Germans marched in; the plundering of her father's business two days later; ransacking of their home; and public humiliation of her father. She remembers Kristallnacht; her father and one brother's arrest; her other brother hiding; several weeks later her father's letter from Dachau; receiving permission to leave on a Kindertransport to Scotland; reluctance to leave with her father in prison; and begging a Gestapo offic...