Archival Descriptions

Advanced query tips

There are several ways to be more specific in your search query:

"Phrase"
Search an exact match of your query, e.g. "Member lists"
+Phrase
Given word has to be in the result, e.g. +Gestapo
-Phrase
Exclude given word from search, e.g. -Gestapo

Use the following syntax to restrict the search to specific fields:

field:"phrase"
For instance, you can find all descriptions that have the phrase "Auschwitz Birkenau" in their titles by searching for title:"Auschwitz Birkenau".

The following fields are currently available:

  • identifier
  • title
  • creator
  • person
  • place
  • subject
  • address
Displaying items 9,921 to 9,940 of 10,133
Search result ordering

  1. Tablespoon with scratched initials used by a German Jewish concentration camp inmate

    Stainless steel tablespoon with scratched initials used by Hans Finke while imprisoned in Auschwitz and several subcamps: Gleiwitz, Sachsenhausen, Flossenbürg, and Bergen Belsen. Hans carried the spoon, a crucial piece of property, in his shoe during transfers, including a death march, from March 1943 until liberation in Bergen-Belsen in April 1945. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship from 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, an electrician, was a slave laborer for Siemens when he was hospital...

  2. Initialed, cream-colored underskirt with a diamond pattern owned by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection

    Monogrammed petticoat brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. The underskirt was likely part of her mother Pauline’s (née Flesch) trousseau, created prior to her marriage to Arthur Schwarzbart in 1900. Herta lived in Vienna with her parents, who ran their own lingerie manufacturing business, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. In August 1914, Arthur was selected to fight in World War I, and three months later, he died of tetanus. As a result, Pauline closed the business, and sent Fritz, Ella, Herta, and...

  3. Cream-colored, underskirt with a diamond pattern and an eyelet ruffle owned by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection

    Petticoat with an eyelet ruffle brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. The underskirt was created in the early 1900s by her parents, Arthur and Pauline, who ran their own lingerie manufacturing business. Herta lived in Vienna with her parents, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. In August 1914, Arthur was selected to fight in World War I, and three months later, he died of tetanus. As a result, Pauline closed the business, and sent Fritz, Ella, Herta, and Hansi to an orphanage. Hilda and Pauline ran a ...

  4. Short, white eyelet lace jacket owned by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection

    Short, eyelet-lace jacket brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. Herta lived in Vienna with her parents, Arthur and Pauline Schwarzbart, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. In August 1914, Arthur was selected to fight in World War I, and three months later, he died of tetanus. As a result, Pauline had to close the lingerie business they ran together before the war. Her daughter, Hilda began making and selling children’s clothing. Pauline’s younger children, Fritz, Ella, Herta, and Hansi, were sent to a...

  5. Opera glasses and case owned by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn612079
    • English
    • a: Height: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Width: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm) | Depth: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) b: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Width: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) c: Height: 2.875 inches (7.303 cm) | Width: 4.375 inches (11.113 cm) | Depth: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm)

    Opera glasses with mother-of-pearl panels brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. Herta lived in Vienna with her parents, Arthur and Pauline Schwarzbart, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. In August 1914, Arthur was selected to fight in World War I, and three months later, he died of tetanus. As a result, Pauline had to close the lingerie business they ran together before the war. Her daughter, Hilda began making and selling children’s clothing. Pauline’s younger children, Fritz, Ella, Herta, and Hansi...

  6. Card with 46 Dorset-style buttons owned by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn616387
    • English
    • a: Height: 7.625 inches (19.368 cm) | Width: 5.875 inches (14.923 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) b: Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Diameter: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) c: Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Diameter: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) d: Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Diameter: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) e: Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Diameter: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm)

    Partial set of handwoven buttons brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. The buttons were likely from one of Herta’s family member’s clothing businesses: either lingerie made by her parents, Arthur and Pauline, or children’s clothing made by her sister, Hilda. Herta lived in Vienna with her parents, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. In August 1914, Arthur was selected to fight in World War I, and three months later, he died of tetanus. As a result, Pauline closed the business, Hilda began making child...

  7. Cream-colored underskirt with a diamond pattern owned by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection

    Diamond-patterned petticoat brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. The underskirt was created in the early 1900s by her parents, Arthur and Pauline, who ran their own lingerie manufacturing business. Herta lived in Vienna with her parents, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. In August 1914, Arthur was selected to fight in World War I, and three months later, he died of tetanus. As a result, Pauline closed the business, and sent Fritz, Ella, Herta, and Hansi to an orphanage. Hilda and Pauline ran a smal...

  8. Partial card with 16 Dorset-style buttons owned by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection

    Partial set of handwoven buttons brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. The buttons were likely from one of Herta’s family member’s clothing businesses: either lingerie made by her parents, Arthur and Pauline, or children’s clothing made by her sister, Hilda. Herta lived in Vienna with her parents, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. In August 1914, Arthur was selected to fight in World War I, and three months later, he died of tetanus. As a result, Pauline closed the business, Hilda began making child...

  9. Card with 48 Dorset-style buttons owned by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection

    Unused set of handwoven buttons brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. The buttons were likely from one of Herta’s family member’s clothing businesses: either lingerie made by her parents, Arthur and Pauline, or children’s clothing made by her sister, Hilda. Herta lived in Vienna with her parents, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. In August 1914, Arthur was selected to fight in World War I, and three months later, he died of tetanus. As a result, Pauline closed the business, Hilda began making childr...

  10. Card with 48 Dorset-style buttons owned by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection

    Unused set of handwoven buttons brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. The buttons were likely from one of Herta’s family member’s clothing businesses: either lingerie made by her parents, Arthur and Pauline, or children’s clothing made by her sister, Hilda. Herta lived in Vienna with her parents, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. In August 1914, Arthur was selected to fight in World War I, and three months later, he died of tetanus. As a result, Pauline closed the business, Hilda began making childr...

  11. Card with 24 Dorset-style buttons owned by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection

    Unused set of handwoven buttons brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. The buttons were likely from one of Herta’s family member’s clothing businesses: either lingerie made by her parents, Arthur and Pauline, or children’s clothing made by her sister, Hilda. Herta lived in Vienna with her parents, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. In August 1914, Arthur was selected to fight in World War I, and three months later, he died of tetanus. As a result, Pauline closed the business, Hilda began making childr...

  12. Maurice Rossel - Red Cross

    As a representative of the Swiss Red Cross in 1944, Maurice Rossel was asked to inspect Theresienstadt. He admits that he gave Theresienstadt a clean bill of health and would probably do so again today. He was also given a tour of Auschwitz, which he did not realize was a death camp. Lanzmann's questioning points to the degree to which Rossel and others were manipulated by the Nazis and to what extent they were willing to be fooled because of their own politics and prejudices. This interview is the basis of Lanzmann's 1999 documentary "A Visitor from the Living" [Un vivant qui passe]. FILM ...

  13. Blue, white and yellow Jewish Relief Unit Star of David badge worn by a German Jewish nurse

    JRU [Jewish Relief Unit] Star of David shaped pin worn by 26 year old Alice Redlich while working as a nurse at Bergen Belsen displaced persons camp. The British Army liberated Bergen-Belsen concentration camp on April 15, 1945, and it then became a DP camp. Alice had left Germany in 1938 to study nursing in Great Britain. She volunteered with the Jewish Committee for Relief Abroad and, in September 1946, arrived with Team 110 in Bergen-Belsen. She cared for infants, children and young women, and taught hygiene. When Alice left Berlin, she left behind her parents Ella and Georg and younger ...

  14. Oil portrait of her grandmother by a Jewish teenager in hiding

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection

    Oil painting of her paternal grandmother, Hermina Hirschel, painted by Ava Hegedish in 1941, when she lived in hiding from spring 1941 to October 1944 near Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia.) Ava also did a oil portrait of her, 2007.521.4. In April 1941, Nazi Germany and its Axis partners partitioned Yugoslavia. Belgrade was under German control. Ava's father Leo decided the family's best chance of survival was to separate and go into hiding. He returned to Novy Sad; her mother and her sister Susanna remained in Belgrade. Susanna's Greek Orthodox husband had Serbian relatives with a farm nea...

  15. Drawing of her grandmother in profile created by Jewish teenage girl in hiding

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection

    Pencil drawing of her paternal grandmother, Hermina Hirschel, drawn by Ava Hegedish at the farm where she lived in hiding from spring 1941 to October 1944 near Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia.) Ava also did an oil painting of her, 2007.521.4. In April 1941, Nazi Germany and its Axis partners partitioned Yugoslavia. Belgrade was under German control. Ava's father Leo decided the family's best chance of survival was to separate and go into hiding. He returned to Novy Sad; her mother and her sister Susanna remained in Belgrade. Susanna's Greek Orthodox husband had Serbian relatives with a far...

  16. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 2 kronen note, acquired by an inmate

    1. Ellen Fass Zilka family collection

    Scrip, valued at 2 (zwei) kronen likely acquired by Marie Goerlich who was imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia from March 18, 1943, to May 9, 1945. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Marie later gave the scrip to her great niece, Ellen Ruth Fass, who was sent from Berlin to England on a Kindertran...

  17. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note, acquired by an inmate

    1. Ellen Fass Zilka family collection

    Scrip, valued at 5 [funf] kronen likely acquired by Marie Goerlich who was imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia from March 18, 1943, to May 9, 1945. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Marie later gave the scrip to her great niece, Ellen Ruth Fass, who was sent from Berlin to England on a Kindertran...

  18. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, acquired by an inmate

    1. Ellen Fass Zilka family collection

    Scrip, valued at 50 [funfzig] kronen likely acquired by Marie Goerlich who was imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia from March 18, 1943, to May 9, 1945. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Marie later gave the scrip to her great niece, Ellen Ruth Fass, who was sent from Berlin to England on a Kinder...

  19. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note, belonging to an Austrian Jewish woman

    1. Lucie Steinhagen collection

    Scrip, valued at 1 krone, distributed in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp, obtained by inmate Lucie Fried (Steinhagen). Currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. Lucie was deported to Theresienstadt from Vienna, Austria in August 1942, accompanied by her mother, Fanny Fried, and her grandmother, Jeanette Weiss. Lucie had a job in the Jewish-run reco...

  20. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 2 kronen note, belonging to an Austrian Jewish woman

    1. Lucie Steinhagen collection

    Scrip, valued at 2 kronen, distributed in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp, obtained by inmate Lucie Fried (Steinhagen). Currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. Lucie was deported to Theresienstadt from Vienna, Austria in August 1942, accompanied by her mother, Fanny Fried, and her grandmother, Jeanette Weiss. Lucie had a job in the Jewish-run rec...