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Displaying items 8,201 to 8,220 of 10,181
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  1. Soviet Union, 1 chervonets note, kept by a Polish Jewish refugee

    1. Harold Minuskin family collection

    Soviet bank note for 1 chervonet acquired by 8 year old Henikel (Harold) Minuskin before he and his family left Germany for the US in 1946. Henikel lived in Zhetel (Zdieciol) Poland (Dziatlava, Belarus), with his parents Shlamke and Shanke, and his younger brother Kalmanke. In June 1941, when he was three years old, Zhekel was occupied by Nazi Germany. The Jews of the town were violently persecuted and over 120 prominent community members, including Henikel's uncle Leib, were shot. On February 22, 1942, all Jews were forcibly relocated to a ghetto. That August, the Germans began preparation...

  2. Soviet Union, 10 chervonets note, kept by a Polish Jewish refugee to the US

    1. Harold Minuskin family collection

    Soviet bank note for 10 chervonets acquired by 8 year old Henikel (Harold) Minuskin before he and his family left Germany for the US in 1946. Henikel lived in Zhetel (Zdieciol) Poland (Dziatlava, Belarus), with his parents Shlamke and Shanke, and his younger brother Kalmanke. In June 1941, when he was three years old, Zhekel was occupied by Nazi Germany. The Jews of the town were violently persecuted and over 120 prominent community members, including Henikel's uncle Leib, were shot. On February 22, 1942, all Jews were forcibly relocated to a ghetto. That August, the Germans began preparati...

  3. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 1000 marks, kept by a Polish Jewish refugee

    1. Harold Minuskin family collection

    German bank note for 1000 marks acquired by 8 year old Henikel (Harold) Minuskin before he and his family left Germany for the US in 1946. It was issued during the Weimar Republic in 1923. Henikel lived in Zhetel (Zdieciol) Poland (Dziatlava, Belarus), with his parents Shlamke and Shanke, and his younger brother Kalmanke. In June 1941, Zhekel was occupied by Nazi Germany. The Jews of the town were violently persecuted and over 120 prominent community members, including Henikel's uncle Leib, were shot. On February 22, 1942, all Jews were relocated to a ghetto. That August, the Germans began ...

  4. Imperial Germany Reichsbanknote, 100 marks, kept by a Polish Jewish refugee

    1. Harold Minuskin family collection

    Imperial German bank note for 100 marks acquired by 8 year old Henikel (Harold) Minuskin before he and his family left Germany for the US in 1946. The note was issued in Imperial Germany in 1908. This note has a green seal which indicates it was printed post World War I (1914-1918.) Henikel lived in Zhetel (Zdieciol) Poland (Dziatlava, Belarus), with his parents Shlamke and Shanke, and his younger brother Kalmanke. In June 1941, when he was three years old, Zhekel was occupied by Nazi Germany. The Jews of the town were violently persecuted and over 120 prominent community members, including...

  5. Oberhausen, Germany, emergency currency, 5 million marks, kept by a Polish Jewish refugee

    1. Harold Minuskin family collection

    City of Oberhausen emergency currency note [notgeld] for 5 million marks acquired by 8 year old Henikel (Harold) Minuskin before he and his family left Germany for the US in 1946. The currency was issued in 1923 due to the period of hyperinflation during the Weimar Republic. Henikel lived in Zhetel (Zdieciol) Poland (Dziatlava, Belarus), with his parents Shlamke and Shanke, and his younger brother Kalmanke. In June 1941, when he was three years old, Zhekel was occupied by Nazi Germany. The Jews of the town were violently persecuted and over 120 prominent community members, including Henikel...

  6. Ehrentheil family papers

    Consists of documents, correspondence, memoirs, and research notes related to Dr. Otto Ehrentheil’s attempts to assist family and friends to escape Nazi-occupied Europe. After his family arrived in the United States from Vienna, Austria, in November 1938, Dr. Ehrentheil worked to provide financial assistance and affidavits for numerous family and friends. Includes correspondence, financial documentation, memoirs and additional information about those he assisted, and research notes related to the writing and publication of “Dear Otto,” written by Dr. Ehrentheil’s daughter, Susanne Learmonth...

  7. Bruno and Jetka (Jessie) Korn papers

    1. Bruno and Jessie Korn collection

    Collection of documents, photographs, correspondence, identification cards, and restitution material relating to Bruno Korn (b. 1911 in Breslau) and his wife Jetka Bloch Korn. The couple survived in internment camps in Italy.

  8. Selected records of the Polish Red Cross Polski Czerwony Krzyż (Sygn. 284)

    Correspondence, reports, registers, bulletin, and photographs relating to the repatriation of Polish citizens, repatriation of Polish children, search for missing persons, and a return of files related to victims of crime in Katyń forest.

  9. Annemarie Warschauer papers

    The Annemarie Warschauer papers document the pre-war lives of the Israelski, Munter, and Warschauer families in Berlin, Germany and as refugees in Shanghai, China during the Holocaust. The collection includes biographical material, immigration papers, a small amount of correspondence, restitution papers, and photographs. Materials include passports, birth and marriage certificates, Yahrzeit memorial books, forced labor documents, restitution paperwork, dental profession papers, immigration and naturalization papers, and family photographs. The biographical material includes passports, drive...

  10. Itzkowic-Goldberg family. Collection

    This collection contains: a pre-war photo of Salomon Itzkowic posing with friends in a car ; one postcard and four letters sent by Esther Goldberg and her children Achim Itzkowic, Berthold Siegmund Itzkowic and Arthur Itzkowic in Antwerp to their husband and father Salomon Itzkowic in the Saint-Cyprien and Argelès-sur-Mer internment camps in France (August to December 1940) ; Salomon Itzkowic's certificate of registration in the United Kingdom, 1946 ; a post-war statement by Salomon Itzkowic on his family history.

  11. Red leather purse used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

    1. Ruth Danzig Rauch collection

    Red leather shoulder bag given to 6 year old Franziska (Ruth) Danzig by her mother Gerda before she was sent from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pastern...

  12. Brown leather luggage tag used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

    1. Ruth Danzig Rauch collection

    Leather luggage tag used by 6 year old Franziska (Ruth) Danzig when her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pastern...

  13. Brown leather luggage tag used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

    1. Ruth Danzig Rauch collection

    Leather luggage tag used by 6 year old Franziska (Ruth) Danzig when her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pastern...

  14. Leather luggage tag used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

    1. Ruth Danzig Rauch collection

    Leather luggage tag used by 6 year old Franziska (Ruth) Danzig when her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Pastern...

  15. Circumcision knife with a glass and metal handle with a black wooden case used by a mohel

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn7120
    • English
    • 1938
    • a: Height: 7.500 inches (19.05 cm) | Width: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Depth: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) b: Height: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Width: 8.500 inches (21.59 cm) | Depth: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm)

    Ritual circumcision [milah] knife and case used by Isaac Ossowski, a highly respected mohel who left Berlin because of the targeted persecution of Jews by the government of Nazi Germany. A mohel is a person qualified to perform the brit (bris) milah, the ritual circumcision of a male, Jewish child. The training includes both the medical procedures and extensive knowledge of Jewish laws and traditions. Rabbi Ossowski was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin. He was head shochet [ritual slaughterer], mohel [practioner of ritual circumcision], sofer [scribe], and hazan [cantor ...

  16. Pair of Sabbath candlesticks with wax reservoirs owned by a Jewish refugee

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn7118
    • English
    • 1938
    • a: Height: 12.750 inches (32.385 cm) | Width: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Depth: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) b: Height: 1.120 inches (2.845 cm) | Width: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Depth: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) c: Height: 12.750 inches (32.385 cm) | Width: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Depth: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) d: Height: 1.120 inches (2.845 cm) | Width: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Depth: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm)

    Pair of Shabbat candleholders that belonged to Isaac Ossowski, a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin who left Germany because of the targeted persecution of Jews by the Nazi government. Rabbi Ossowski was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin. He was head shochet [ritual slaughterer], mohel [practioner of ritual circumcision], sofer [scribe], and hazan [cantor or musical prayer leader] at the Alte Shul [Old Synagogue]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor in 1933, increasingly severe sanctions were enacted against Jews. The Ossowski family was repeatedly quest...

  17. Pocket knife with leather case carried by a Jewish refugee

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn7119
    • English
    • 1910-1938
    • a: Height: 3.620 inches (9.195 cm) | Width: 0.870 inches (2.21 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) b: Height: 4.880 inches (12.395 cm) | Width: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm)

    Folding knife and case that belonged to Isaac Ossowski, a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin who left Germany because of the targeted persecution of Jews by the Nazi government. Rabbi Ossowski was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin. He was head shochet [ritual slaughterer], mohel [practioner of ritual circumcision], sofer [scribe], and hazan [cantor or musical prayer leader] at the Alte Shul [Old Synagogue]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor in 1933, increasingly severe sanctions were enacted against Jews. The Ossowski family was repeatedly questioned b...

  18. Electric Ner tamid [Eternal light] with a table mount issued by Yad Vashem

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn7124
    • English
    • 1939
    • a: Height: 5.620 inches (14.275 cm) | Width: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Depth: 2.370 inches (6.02 cm) b: Height: 2.620 inches (6.655 cm) | Width: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Depth: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)

    Eternal light lamp issued by Yad Vashem and acquired by Sol Oster around the time the Hall of Remembrance, the first commemorative site at Yad Vashem, was built in 1961. Sol lived in Berlin, Germany, with his family during the establishment of the Nazi dictatorship following the appointment of Hitler as Chancellor in 1933. Sol’s father, Isaac Ossowski, was a prominent member of the Jewish community and the family was repeatedly questioned by the SS (Schutzstaffel; Protection Squadrons) who gathered intelligence on opponents of the Nazi state and policed racial purity. Fourteen year old Sol ...

  19. Calligraphy of a graveside Kaddish created by a sofer [scribe]

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection

    Calligraphy with the text of a graveside prayer created by Isaac Ossowski, which was originally framed and displayed in his home. A Kaddish prayer comes in many forms, but all praise God and sanctify his name. This is a more expressive version of the Kaddish than that which is commonly used today. Mourners would stand near the grave and face Jerusalem while reciting the graveside or burial Kaddish. Rabbi Ossowski was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin. He was head shochet [ritual slaughterer], mohel [practioner of ritual circumcision], sofer [scribe], and hazan [cantor, mu...

  20. Prayer book

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection

    Siddur with special prayers for Shavout and Hashanoh Rabah from the library of Isaac Ossowski, a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin, Germany, who emigrated in 1938 to avoid the increasing persecution of Jews by the government of Nazi Germany. It is a narrative of the culture, history, and traditions of the Hasidic movement. Rabbi Ossowski was head shochet [ritual slaughterer], mohel [practioner of ritual circumcision], sofer [scribe], and hazan [cantor or musical prayer leader] at the Alte Shul [Old Synagogue]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor in 1933, increasingly seve...