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Displaying items 8,181 to 8,200 of 10,181
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  1. Silver purse with an engraved butterfly and a chain strap used by a hidden child

    1. Elizabeth Lusthaus Strassburger collection

    Silver purse decorated with a butterfly given to Elzbieta Lusthaus by her maternal grandmother, Sophie Lieberman Schiff, before they were moved into the ghetto in Tarnow in German-occupied Poland in 1941. The purse had been owned by her grandmother for many years. Elzbieta kept it always with her while in hiding, with the silver mesh coin purse, 2007.42.2. On June 11, 1942, the Germans came to the house searching for Jews to deport to the concentration camps. Four year old Elizabeth hid, but her grandmother was taken by the Germans and shipped to Belzec extermination camp, where she was kil...

  2. Silver mesh coin purse used by a hidden child

    1. Elizabeth Lusthaus Strassburger collection

    Silver mesh coin purse given to Elzbieta Lusthaus by her maternal grandmother, Sophie Lieberman Schiff, before they were moved into the ghetto in Tarnow in German-occupied Poland in 1941. The purse had been owned by her grandmother for many years. Elzbieta kept it always with her while in hiding, inside the engraved silver purse, 2007.42.1. On June 11, 1942, the Germans came to the house searching for Jews to deport to the concentration camps. Four year old Elizabeth hid, but her grandmother was taken by the Germans and shipped to Belzec extermination camp, where she was killed. Elzbieta an...

  3. Bar Kochba Jewish Sports Club (BKB) stickpin with blue enamel decoration owned by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Pin from the Bar Kochba Jewish sports club (BKB) , in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, received by Tom T. Kovary, prior to emigration. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in Bratislava. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where they obtained visa...

  4. Hakoah Sports Club stickpin with a Star of David owned by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Pin from the Hakoah sports club that belonged to Tom T. Kovary, prior to emigration from Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his 20 year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by some Nazi sympathizers in their hometown, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. They fought back and put their attackers in the hospital and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, wh...

  5. US Army Good Conduct lapel button awarded to a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Lapel button issued to Tom T. Kovary for service in the United States Army, from 1943-1946, during World War II. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in their hometown, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where the...

  6. US Army Honorable Service lapel button awarded to a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Lapel button issued to Tom T. Kovary for service in the United States Army, from 1943-1946, during World War II. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in their hometown, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where the...

  7. Bar Kochba Jewish Sports Club stickpin (BKB) with blue enamel decoration owned by a Czech Jewish refugee to the US

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Stickpin from the Bar Kochba Jewish sports club in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, received by Tom (Tibor) Kovary, prior to his emigration to the United States. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in Bratislava. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungar...

  8. World Congress of Esperanto medallion with an image of woman and a view of Budapest owned by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Commemorative medal from the World Congress of Esperanto in Budapest, Hungary, in 1929, attended by Tom (Tibor) Kovary with his family. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in Bratislava. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where they obtaine...

  9. Handkerchief embroidered with American flags given to an internee at a displaced persons camp by a US soldier

    1. Yaffa Eliach Shtetl collection

    Embroidered handkerchief given to Evelyn Kahn Landsman by an American soldier in 1946 when she was in a displaced persons camp in Germany.

  10. Bar Kochba Jewish Sports Club metal plaque with a Star of David owned by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Commemorative plaque from the Bar Kochba Jewish sports club awarded to Tom T. Kovary in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, on January 9, 1938. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in Bratislava. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where they obtaine...

  11. World Congress of Esperanto stickpin with an image of soldier upon a green star owned by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Commemorative pin from the World Congress of Esperanto in Vienna, Austria, in 1924, owned by Tom (Tibor) Kovary. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in their hometown, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where the...

  12. Red leather portfolio used by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Red leather notebook that belonged to Tom (Tibor) Kovary. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in their hometown, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (Slovakia). They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where they obtained visas for the US, arriving in New...

  13. Brown leather wallet with laced edges used by a Czech Jewish refugee during his service in the US Army

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Wallet and passport cover used by Tom T. Kovary while a soldier in the United States Army from 1943-1946. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in Bratislava. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where they obtained visas for the US, arriving i...

  14. Woman Interned in Gurs Watercolor of a gaunt, sickly woman in Gurs created by a German inmate

    1. Gert Wollheim collection

    Watercolor portrait of an emaciated and ill woman with reddened eyes in front of a barbed wire fence drawn by Gert Wollheim while a prisoner in Gurs internment camp in late 1940. The French established Gurs, the largest internment camp in France, in April 1939 to hold political refugees. In early 1940, about 4000 German Jewish refugees were interned as enemy aliens. Wolheim, who fled Nazi Germany for Paris in 1933, was arrested by the French in spring 1940 as an enemy alien. France surrendered to Germany in June 1940. Northern France was controlled by the Germans and southern France, where ...

  15. Barracks Interior Pencil drawing of people crowded inside a barrack in Gurs created by a German inmate

    1. Gert Wollheim collection

    Pencil drawing of several figures living in a cramped Gurs barrack drawn by Gert Wollheim while a prisoner in Gurs internment camp in late 1940. It shows raggedy clothing hanging from the rafters, with people and beds inches apart, portraying the lack of privacy and squalor. The French established Gurs, the largest internment camp in France, in April 1939 to hold political refugees. In early 1940, about 4000 German Jewish refugees were interned as enemy aliens. Wolheim, who fled Nazi Germany for Paris in 1933, was arrested by the French in spring 1940 as an enemy alien. France surrendered t...

  16. Landscape of Barracks Birds-eye view of the overcrowded Gurs barracks drawn by a German inmate

    1. Gert Wollheim collection

    Pencil drawing of seemingly endless rows of densely packed Gurs barracks drawn by Gert Wollheim while a prisoner in Gurs internment camp in late 1940. There were tall structures, such as a water tower, that could provide this overhead view. The French established Gurs, the largest internment camp in France, in April 1939 to hold political refugees. In early 1940, about 4000 German Jewish refugees were interned as enemy aliens. Wolheim, who fled Nazi Germany for Paris in 1933, was arrested by the French in spring 1940 as an enemy alien. France surrendered to Germany in June 1940. Northern Fr...

  17. Righteous Among the Nations medal awarded to a French children’s home director

    1. Rudy Appel collection

    Medal awarded posthumously to Juliette Usach in recognition as a “Righteous Among the Nations,” by Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, Israel. Yad Vashem confers the honor on those who risked their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust. Juliette Usach was a Protestant, Spanish doctor who fled to France in 1938 as a refugee of the Spanish Civil War. In 1939, she moved to the village of Chambon-sur-Lignon to become the director of a boarding house for Spanish mothers and children. After Germany’s invasion of France in May 1940, antisemitic legislation led to Jews being imprisoned in internment camps. ...

  18. Bifold document case for a certificate issued to Juliette Usach by Yad Vashem

    1. Rudy Appel collection

    Document case for a certificate (.2a) awarded posthumously to Juliette Usach in recognition as a “Righteous Among the Nations,” by Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, Israel. Yad Vashem confers the honor on those who risked their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust. Juliette Usach was a Protestant, Spanish doctor who fled to France in 1938 as a refugee of the Spanish Civil War. In 1939, she moved to the village of Chambon-sur-Lignon to become the director of a boarding house for Spanish mothers and children. After Germany’s invasion of France in May 1940, antisemitic legislation led to Jews being ...

  19. Honorary certificate issued to Juliette Usach by Yad Vashem

    1. Rudy Appel collection

    Certificate awarded posthumously to Juliette Usach in recognition as a “Righteous Among the Nations,” by Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, Israel. Yad Vashem confers the honor on those who risked their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust. Juliette Usach was a Protestant, Spanish doctor who fled to France in 1938 as a refugee of the Spanish Civil War. In 1939, she moved to the village of Chambon-sur-Lignon to become the director of a boarding house for Spanish mothers and children. After Germany’s invasion of France in May 1940, antisemitic legislation led to Jews being imprisoned in internment c...

  20. Presentation box for medal awarded to a French children’s home director

    1. Rudy Appel collection

    Presentation box for medal awarded posthumously to Juliette Usach in recognition as a “Righteous Among the Nations,” by Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, Israel. Yad Vashem confers the honor on those who risked their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust. Juliette Usach was a Protestant, Spanish doctor who fled to France in 1938 as a refugee of the Spanish Civil War. In 1939, she moved to the village of Chambon-sur-Lignon to become the director of a boarding house for Spanish mothers and children. After Germany’s invasion of France in May 1940, antisemitic legislation led to Jews being imprisoned ...