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Displaying items 8,021 to 8,040 of 10,135
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  1. Drawing of a sleeping seminude woman by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn109
    • English
    • 1940
    • overall: Height: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) | Width: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm) | Width: 8.875 inches (22.543 cm)

    Sketch of a sleeping, topless woman at Gurs internment camp, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment center for Jewish ref...

  2. Upright, wardrobe-style trunk used by a Jewish family during their postwar emigration

    1. Ephraim M. Robinson family collection

    Domed, wardrobe-style trunk used by the Rubinzon (later Robinson) family for their voyage from Zeilsheim displaced persons camp in Germany to the United States in October 1948. The family bought the trunk, and two others, secondhand just prior to their journey. Efraim Rubinzon, was in Warsaw, Poland, with his recently widowed mother and brother when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. Later that fall, Efraim escaped from German soldiers and made his way to Soviet-controlled territory. He agreed to work in a coal mine in exchange for official travel papers to get his mother and brot...

  3. Abstract painting of a prison camp with ghostlike figures and a hanging created postwar by a former inmate

    Abstract impressionistic white painting created by Motke Blum in 2004, evoking his experiences in forced labor camps in Romania during the Holocaust. His "need for constant renewal" led to minimalist work done in gradations of white. Motke was from Romania where violent persecution of Jews was common by the late 1930s. It increased when the revolutionary Fascist Iron Guard took over the country in September 1940. That year, 15 year old Motke was sent to a forced labor camp near Bucharest, then to Obor labor camp where he worked 20 hours a day, unloading trains and clearing bombed areas of r...

  4. Underwood typewriter with Cyrillic keys used by an emigre Jewish lawyer and politician

    1. Jacob and Nehemiah Robinson collection

    Underwood cast iron typewriter Model No. 5(E) with a Cyrillic keyboard brought by Dr. Jokubas (later Jacob) Robinson when he and his family left Kaunas, Lithuania, in May 1940 for the United States. It was manufactured in the US, it had a No.46 to mark it for a foreign market. Jokubas, a lawyer and politician, was a defender of Jewish interests throughout Europe. In September 1939, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union invaded Poland. Robinson was deeply involved in integrating the large Jewish refugee population in Lithuania. In December 1940, Jokubas, his wife Klara, daughters Athalie and Vit...

  5. Star of David badge with Jude given to German Jewish woman

    Used Star of David badge given to 18 year old Bettina Mayer in Deggendorf displaced persons camp in 1945 by another camp resident. It was worn by the unknown person in Cologne, Germany, and it was given to Bettina because she was originally from Cologne. Jews were ordered to were a Judenstern badge at all times to identify them as Jews. Bettina, her parents, Siegmund and Johannette, and her brother, Albert, were deported in 1941 from Cologne to the Riga ghetto in German occupied Latvia. In September 1943, they were deported to Kaiserwald concentration camp. Johannette died of starvation in ...

  6. Stephan H. Lewy papers

    1. Stephan H. Lewy collection

    Consists of two pieces of written testimony entitled, "The year 1938....A year in my life I would like to forget," and "Return to Berlin, Germany After 58 Years," both written by Stephan Lewy. "The Year 1938" includes information about acquiring a prayer book and camera, along with images of each item (also part of the donation). Also includes a photograph of boys living in the Auerbach orphanage in Berlin, circa 1905; the train tickets and insurance his father and stepmother purchased to escape from Germany to France in 1939; a 1942 ORT certificate for training undertaken by Stephan in the...

  7. Hockenheimer, Loewenthal, Fraenkel, and Brock families papers

    1. Hockenheimer, Loewenthal, Fraenkel, and Brock families collection

    The Hockenheimer, Loewenthal, Fraenkel, and Brock families papers include photographs, family trees, biographical materials, identification papers, certificates, school records, immigration and naturalization records, correspondence, and research materials relating to Ralph Martin Hockley (formerly Rudolf Martin Hockenheimer), Eva Fraenkel Hockley, and their families from Germany. The papers document the Hockenheimer family’s experiences seeking refuge in France, working with the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), and immigrating to the United States via Trinidad; and the Fraenkel f...

  8. Green dotted cream handkerchief received by Kindertransport refugee

    1. Ruth Mondschein Zimbler collection

    Silk handkerchief with green dots, embroidered Ruth, sent to Ruth Mondschein for her 11th birthday by Marie, the family's housekeeper in Vienna. Ruth was living in the Netherlands where her parents had sent her on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] from Austria on December 10, 1938. Her father, Markus, and Marie were arrested at the family's home on Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938. Marie, who was not Jewish, was quickly released. Markus was sent to Dachau concentration camp. He was released on the condition that he leave the country. He arranged for Ruth and her brother, Walter, 6,...

  9. Blue dotted white handkerchief received by Kindertransport refugee

    1. Ruth Mondschein Zimbler collection

    Silk handkerchief with blue dots, embroidered Ruth, sent to Ruth Mondschein for her 11th birthday by Marie, the family's housekeeper in Vienna. Ruth was living in the Netherlands where her parents had sent her on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] from Austria on December 10, 1938. Her father, Markus, and Marie were arrested at the family's home on Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938. Marie, who was not Jewish, was quickly released. Markus was sent to Dachau concentration camp. He was released on the condition that he leave the country. He arranged for Ruth and her brother, Walter, 6, ...

  10. Colorful chiffon handkerchief sent by Kindertransport refugee to her mother

    1. Ruth Mondschein Zimbler collection

    Colorful handkerchief sent by 11 year old Ruth Mondschein from the Netherlands in 1939 to her mother, Hella, in Vienna, Austria. Ruth had been sent on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] from Austria on December 10, 1938. Her father, Markus, was arrested on Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, and sent to Dachau concentration camp. He was released on the condition that he leave the country. He arranged for Ruth and her brother, Walter, 6, to escape on the first Kindertransport to the Netherlands. The children later were sent to an aunt in the United States, arriving on October 26, 1939....

  11. Single head tefillin

    1. Annemarie Warschauer family collection

    Head tefillin saved by Annemarie Warschauer that was used by a family member. Annemarie and her family lived on an estate near Berlin, Germany. The Nazi regime took power in 1933 and anti-Jewish policies to persecute Jews became law. In 1936, Nazi thugs took her father from their home and killed him. In 1938, Annemarie married Egon Israelski. A few weeks later Egon was assigned to a forced labor camp and Annemarie volunteered to go with him. When Egon was injured, she had to work in a factory. After they promised to leave Germany, they were released from labor service. In 1940, with Annemar...

  12. Single hand tefillin

    1. Annemarie Warschauer family collection

    Hand tefillin saved by Annemarie Warschauer that was used by a family member. Annemarie and her family lived on an estate near Berlin, Germany. The Nazi regime took power in 1933 and anti-Jewish policies to persecute Jews became law. In 1936, Nazi thugs took her father from their home and killed him. In 1938, Annemarie married Egon Israelski. A few weeks later Egon was assigned to a forced labor camp and Annemarie volunteered to go with him. When Egon was injured, she had to work in a factory. After they promised to leave Germany, they were released from labor service. In 1940, with Annemar...

  13. Single head tefillin

    1. Annemarie Warschauer family collection

    Head tefillin saved by Annemarie Warschauer that was used by a family member. Annemarie and her family lived on an estate near Berlin, Germany. The Nazi regime took power in 1933 and anti-Jewish policies to persecute Jews became law. In 1936, Nazi thugs took her father from their home and killed him. In 1938, Annemarie married Egon Israelski. A few weeks later Egon was assigned to a forced labor camp and Annemarie volunteered to go with him. When Egon was injured, she had to work in a factory. After they promised to leave Germany, they were released from labor service. In 1940, with Annemar...

  14. Tefillin bag

    1. Annemarie Warschauer family collection

    Beaded tefillin bag saved by Annemarie Warschauer that was used by a family member. Annemarie and her family lived on an estate near Berlin, Germany. The Nazi regime took power in 1933 and anti-Jewish policies to persecute Jews became law. In 1936, Nazi thugs took her father from their home and killed him. In 1938, Annemarie married Egon Israelski. A few weeks later Egon was assigned to a forced labor camp and Annemarie volunteered to go with him. When Egon was injured, she had to work in a factory. After they promised to leave Germany, they were released from labor service. In 1940, with A...

  15. Wedding gown with green embroidery worn by Raya Kirschner Feig in Barletta DP camp

    Wedding dress with green, thread embroidery worn by Raya Kirschner (later Feig), 19, for her May 27, 1948, wedding to Micky Feig, 22, in Barletta displaced persons camp in Italy. In August 1941, after Germany invaded Lithuania, Raya was interned with her father Meyer, a rabbi, her mother, who ran an orphanage, and her brother Beno in the Kovno ghetto. In October 1942, her father was selected for deportation to Riga, Latvia,and Raya's mother insisted the family go also. They were placed in Spilve camp and Raya, Meyer, and Beno were assigned to hard physical labor. In 1943, Beno was caught sm...

  16. Jacob and Bela Gutman photographs

    1. Jacob Gutman collection

    The collection consists of five photographs relating to the experiences of Jacob and Bela b. Milstein Gutman in 1941 in the ghetto in Radom, Poland; two photographs of the Gutmans' wedding on January 29,1946, at the DP camp in Mittenwald, Germany; and a portrait of Bela smuggled by her from Blizyn concentration camp to Jacob who was working at the KZ "Truppen Wirschafts Lager der Waffen SS" in Wałowa, Poland The portrait of Bela was smuggled to Jacob behind a small, round mirror contained in a plastic case, the method that they used to send letters to each other. Jacob sewed the photo into ...

  17. Henry Landman papers

    1. Henry Landman collection

    The Henry Landman papers contain biographical materials, “V-mail” letters, emigration and immigration files, photographs, wartime newspapers and newsletters, World War II memorabilia, writings, restitution files, and financial records documenting the Landmann family from Augsburg, their immigration to the United States, and Henry Landman’s participation in World War II and the liberation of his hometown. Biographical materials include birth, immunization, medical, and marriage certificates, school and military records, and identification papers for Henry Landman, his parents, and his sister...

  18. Peter and Berta Victor papers

    1. Peter Victor family collection

    The Peter and Berta Victor papers consist of an autograph book, biographical materials, correspondence, printed materials, restitution files, and writings documenting Peter and Berta Victor, their families, and their lives in Berlin, Vienna, Shanghai, and the United States. The autograph book belonged to Peter Victor and contains a handful of entries from friends and family members. Biographical materials consist of family trees; identification papers; birth, marriage, and death certificates; affidavits; employment records; and letters of recommendation documenting Peter and Berta Victor, P...

  19. canceled British postage stamp acquired by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Peter Victor family collection

    canceled British 2.5 shilling postage stamp acquired by Peter Victor when he lived as a refugee in Shanghai, China, from 1938-1947. Peter, 18, left Berlin for Shanghai in 1938 to escape the anti-Jewish policies of the Nazi-led government. His parents, Carl and Elsa, arrived in Shanghai in 1939. Carl died in 1940 and Elsa in 1942. Shanghai was liberated by the United States Army on September 3, 1945. With the aid of the American Joint Distribution Committee, Peter emigrated to America in December 1947.

  20. Siegmund Sobel papers

    1. Siegmund Sobel collection

    The collection documents the pre-war, wartime, and post-war experiences of Siegmund Sobel, originally of Vienna, Austria, and his wife Gertrude Sobel, including their emigrations from Vienna to Shanghai, China in 1939, Shanghai to Israel in 1949, and Israel to the United States in 1951. Included is biographical material, immigration paperwork, photographs, and 141 homemade photograph albums made by Siegmund chronicling his life before, during, and after the Holocaust. Biographical material includes pre-war, wartime, and post-war documents of Siegmund and Gertrude, as well as material relati...