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Displaying items 3,241 to 3,260 of 3,449
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  1. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor

    1. Gerhard and Ursula Naumann Maschkowski collection

    Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 5 [funf] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegfried...

  2. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor

    1. Gerhard and Ursula Naumann Maschkowski collection

    Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 20 [zwanzig] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegf...

  3. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor

    1. Gerhard and Ursula Naumann Maschkowski collection

    Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 50 [funfzig] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegf...

  4. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor

    1. Gerhard and Ursula Naumann Maschkowski collection

    Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 500 [eine hundert] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother...

  5. Bunte Luftballons [Book]

    1. Janet Beasley collection

    Illustrated poetry book used by 9 year old Jutta Grybski (Janet Beasley) in the Theresienstadt ghetto/labor camp. The book was found by Jutta in the ghetto. She had brought an identical copy of the book with her to the camp when she was deported from Berlin, but then lost it. The book she found may be the same one that she lost. She wrote a note inside the book recounting this history. The cover illustration features a young girl who looks like very much like a bisque Kewpie style doll, 1996.76.1, that Jutta also brought with her to Theresienstadt. Jutta had a Jewish mother, Kaethe, and a C...

  6. Bela Gondos family papers

    1. Bela Gondos family collection

    The Bela Gondos family papers consist of biographical materials, refugee and emigration papers, and writings documenting Bela, Anna, and Judith Gondos of Budapest and their journey aboard the rescue train organized by Rezső Kasztner, internment at Bergen-Belsen, transfer to Switzerland, and immigration to the United States. Biographical materials include birth and marriage certificates, identification papers, citizenship documents, education and professional records, foreign worker and air raid worker certificates, and inoculation records documenting Bela, Anna, and Judith Gondos and Bela’s...

  7. Plastic doll named Zsuzsi carried by a young Hungarian Jewish girl on the Kasztner train

    1. Bela Gondos family collection

    Celluloid Schildkrot doll named Zsuzsi carried by 7 year old Judit Gondos when she left Budapest with her parents Bela and Anna on the Kasztner train in June 1944. Judit received the doll from her parents for Chanukah in 1942. After arguments and many tears, she was allowed to take the doll on the train if she carried it herself. The doll’s dress was lost long ago. Jews were increasingly persecuted by the Nazi-influenced Hungarian regime. Bela worked on 2 or 3 forced labor battalions until released in 1942 because he was a physician. On March 19, 1944, Germany invaded Hungary and the author...

  8. Red and yellow floral handkerchief carried by a young Hungarian Jewish girl on the Kasztner train

    1. Bela Gondos family collection

    Floral handkerchief carried by 7 year old Judit Gondos when she left Budapest, Hungary, with her parents Bela and Anna on the Kasztner train in June 1944. It was a gift from her maternal aunt, Iren (Pircsi) Havas, in prewar Bekes. Jews were increasingly persecuted by the Nazi-influenced Hungarian regime. Bela worked on 2 or 3 forced labor battalions until released in 1942, because he was a physician. On March 19, 1944, Germany invaded Hungary and the authorities prepared to deport all the Jews from Hungary to concentration camps. In mid-May, Bela heard about the Kasztner train, negotiated b...

  9. Embroidered table runner with a floral and insect design brought with German Jewish refugee

    1. Fritz and Thea Lowenstein Klestadt family collection

    Multi-layered, cloth table runner with an embroidered floral and insect design given to Thea Löwenstein Klestadt by her mother, Erna, in Dusseldorf, Germany before 1938. Thea then passed the runner down to her daughter Julie after her adoption in 1955. In 1935 Thea married Fred Klestadt in Düsseldorf. In September, the Nazis announced the Nuremberg Laws which excluded Jews from German citizenship. The laws defined a Jew as a person who had 3 or more grandparents that were Jews, regardless of their religious practice. Jews were also barred from holding civil service positions, practicing law...

  10. Beaded hat with a floral pattern brought by a Jewish German refugee

    1. Fritz and Thea Lowenstein Klestadt family collection

    A child sized, handmade stocking cap with a beaded floral design, given to Thea Löwenstein Klestadt by her mother, Erna, in Dusseldorf, Germany before 1938. Thea passed the hat down to her daughter Julie after her adoption in 1955. In 1935, Thea married Fred Klestadt in Düsseldorf. In September, the Nazis announced the Nuremberg Laws which excluded Jews from German citizenship. The laws defined a Jew as a person who had 3 or more grandparents that were Jews, regardless of their religious practice. Jews were also barred from holding civil service positions, practicing law, teaching and many ...

  11. Passover Prayer Book, German translation Book

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    1832 German translation of a Passover prayer book recorded in Hebrew owned by Norbert Müller (later Norman Miller), a 15 year old German Jewish refugee who came to London, England in September 1939. The front cover is inscribed by Norbert’s maternal great grandmother, Sara Jacobs. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Norbert shared with his parents, Sebald and Laura, younger sister, Suse, and grandmother, Clara Jüngster, was ransacked by local men with axes. In late August 1939, Norbert, managed to leave Germany for London, with a Kindertransport [C...

  12. My Struggle Wedding edition of Mein Kampf with slipcase confiscated by a British soldier and German Jewish emigre

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn555443
    • English
    • 1939
    • a: Height: 7.500 inches (19.05 cm) | Width: 5.125 inches (13.018 cm) | Depth: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm) b: Height: 7.750 inches (19.685 cm) | Width: 5.375 inches (13.653 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm)

    Wedding presentation edition of Hitler's Mein Kampf with slipcase acquired by Norman Miller (previously Norbert Müller), a German Jewish refugee, during his service in the British Army from 1944 to 1947. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Norbert shared with his parents, Sebald and Laura, younger sister, Suse, and grandmother, Clara Jüngster, was ransacked by local men with axes. In late August 1939, Norbert, managed to leave Germany for London, with a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] two days prior to the start of World War II. Norbert was ...

  13. Baal T'Fillah or The Practical Prayer, 4th edition Prayer book for Passover days 1 and 2 owned by a British soldier and German Jewish emigre

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    The Baal t'fillah oder Der practische Vorbeter is one of five books from the personal collection of Sebald Müller that were confiscated by the Nazi regime and added to Julius Streicher's Library of Judaica in the 1930s. After the war, the books were placed in the collection of the Stadt-Bibliothek Nuremberg [Nuremberg City Library], which returned them to Sebald’s son, Norman Miller (previously Norbert Müller) in 2011. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Sebald shared with his wife, Laura, their children, Norbert and Suse, and mother-in-law, Clara ...

  14. Bible and Talmud Treasure, A book for the Jewish family Bible and Talmud book returned to a family after being confiscated during the war

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    The Bibel-und Talmudschatz is one of five books from the personal collection of Sebald Müller that were confiscated by the Nazi regime and added to Julius Streicher's Library of Judaica in the 1930s. After the war, the books were placed in the collection of the Stadt-Bibliothek Nuremberg [Nuremberg City Library], which returned them to Sebald’s son, Norman Miller (previously Norbert Müller) in 2011. The book is inscribed by Sebald to his mother, Bertha, on the occasion of her husband, and his father, Nathan’s death. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartm...

  15. Jewish Folksongs: for a voice with piano Book of Jewish folksongs returned to a family after being confiscated during the war für eine Singstimme mit Klavier

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    The Jüdische Volkslieder: für eine Singstimme mit Klavier is one of five books from the personal collection of Sebald Müller that were confiscated by the Nazi regime and added to Julius Streicher's Library of Judaica in the 1930s. After the war, the books were placed in the collection of the Stadt-Bibliothek Nuremberg [Nuremberg City Library], which returned them to Sebald’s son, Norman Miller (previously Norbert Müller) in 2011. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Sebald shared with his wife, Laura, their children, Norbert and Suse, and mother-in-...

  16. The Jewish Sheet Music Catalog. The most important works of Jewish composers Catalog of the works of Jewish composers returned to a family after being confiscated during the war

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    The Der jüdische Musikalien-Katalog is one of five books from the personal collection of Sebald Müller that were confiscated by the Nazi regime and added to Julius Streicher's Library of Judaica in the 1930s. After the war, the books were placed in the collection of the Stadt-Bibliothek Nuremberg [Nuremberg City Library], which returned them to Sebald’s son, Norman Miller (previously Norbert Müller) in 2011. The book is inscribed Müller. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Sebald shared with his wife, Laura, their children, Norbert and Suse, and m...

  17. Song of Solomon. Chazzanut (especially after the traditional ways) for the whole liturgical year. Jewish religious song book returned to a family after being confiscated during the war

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn548014
    • English
    • 1901
    • a: Height: 13.125 inches (33.338 cm) | Width: 11.125 inches (28.258 cm) | Depth: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm) b: Height: 11.125 inches (28.258 cm) | Width: 7.750 inches (19.685 cm)

    The Song of Solomon, Chasonus, and sheet music are among five books from the personal collection of Sebald Müller that were confiscated by the Nazi regime and added to Julius Streicher's Library of Judaica in the 1930s. After the war, the books were placed in the collection of the Stadt-Bibliothek Nuremberg [Nuremberg City Library], which returned them to Sebald’s son, Norman Miller (previously Norbert Müller) in 2011. The book is inscribed Müller and Jacob Heinfeldt. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Sebald shared with his wife, Laura, their chi...

  18. Doll's white cotton sleeveless slip given to a young girl by a friend in Theresienstadt ghetto

    1. Inge Auerbacher collection

    Doll's white cotton slip with buttoned shoulder straps given to 9 year old Inge Auerbacher by her 9 year old friend Ruth Abraham in September 1944 when they were both prisoners in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia. Inge and her parents, Berthold and Regina, shared a room with Ruth and her parents at the camp. Ruth was just a few months older than Inge and the girls had identical dolls. Seven year old Inge and her parents, Berthold and Regina, were deported from Goppingen, Germany, in August 1942 to Terezin. In September 1944, Inge's father was told to report...

  19. Doll's colorful crocheted tassel hat given to a young girl after her release from Theresienstadt

    1. Inge Auerbacher collection

    Baby doll's multicolored crocheted wool hat owned by Inge Auerbacher, probably acquired after the war. It was worn by her doll Marlene, 1992.4.1a, that she kept with her while imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto/labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia from 1942-1945. Seven year old Inge and her parents, Berthold and Regina, were deported from Goppingen, Germany, in August 1942 to Theresienstadt. When the family arrived at the camp, all of their belongings were taken away, except Inge's doll which had been given to Inge around 1935 by her grandmother, who was deported to Riga, Latvia, i...

  20. Doll's offwhite hand knit wool sweater and pants with red flowers made by a young girl after her release from Theresienstadt

    1. Inge Auerbacher collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn6908
    • English
    • a: Height: 6.500 inches (16.51 cm) | Width: 4.125 inches (10.477 cm) b: Height: 9.625 inches (24.448 cm) | Width: 4.125 inches (10.477 cm)

    Doll's offwhite hand knit snowsuit with a long sleeved top and pants made by 9 year old Inge Auerbacher after her liberation from Theresienstadt ghetto/labor in May 1945. It was worn by her doll Marlene, 1992.4.1a, that Inge kept with her while imprisoned in Theresienstadt in German occupied Czechoslovakia from 1942-1945. Seven year old Inge and her parents, Berthold and Regina, were deported from Goppingen, Germany, in August 1942 to Theresienstadt. When the family arrived at the camp, all of their belongings were taken away, except Inge's doll, which had been given to Inge around 1935 by ...