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Displaying items 3,161 to 3,180 of 3,449
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  1. Drawing of Jewish Council member as circus ringmaster drawn by camp inmate

    1. Hildegard and Moritz Henschel collection

    Caricature drawn by Peter Kien for Moritz Henschel while both were imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp. It depicts Moritz as a circus ringmaster. Moritz was a member of the Jewish Council in the camp and Kien was an influential artist and playwright who also designed the camp currency. Kien was deported to Auschwitz in October 1944 and died soon after arrival. Moritz was an influential lawyer in Berlin when Hitler came to power in Germany in January 1933. As the government persecution of Jews intensified, Moritz and Hildegard sent their daughters Marianne, 15, to Palestine and Li...

  2. Etching of a sad young boy in an internment camp created postwar by a Swiss Aid nurse/rescuer

    1. Margot Schwarzschild Wicki collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn518759
    • English
    • 1942
    • overall: Height: 10.125 inches (25.718 cm) | Width: 6.500 inches (16.51 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.875 inches (17.463 cm) | Width: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm)

    Sepia ink etched print of a melancholy young boy created by Friedel Bohny-Reiter circa 1989. It is based upon memories of the Rivesaltes internment camp in France where she worked from 1941-1942 as a nurse for Secours Suisse aux Enfants [Swiss Aid to Children]. She gave the drawing to Margot Schwarzschild Wicki who as a 10 year old child was interned in the camp. In 1940, Margot, her parents, Richard and Luisi, and Hannelore, 11, were deported to Gurs prison camp from Kaiserlautern, Germany. They were transferred to Rivesaltes and, in 1942, placed on a list of Jews to be deported to concent...

  3. Pencil sketch of a young boy with haunted eyes created postwar by a Swiss Aid nurse and rescuer

    1. Margot Schwarzschild Wicki collection

    Pencil and ink sketch of a young boy with large, dark, despairing eyes created by Friedel Bohny-Reiter in 1989. It is labelled draft and resembles her etching, 2006.464.2. It is based upon memories of the Rivesaltes internment camp in France where she worked from 1941-1942 as a nurse for Secours Suisse aux Enfants [Swiss Aid to Children]. She gave the drawing to Margot Schwarzschild Wicki who as a 10 year old child was interned in the camp. In 1940, Margot, her parents, Richard and Luisi,and 11 year old Hannelore, were deported to Gurs prison camp from Kaiserlautern, Germany. They were tran...

  4. Red crayon sketch of 4 females in heavy scarves created postwar by a Swiss Aid nurse and rescuer

    1. Margot Schwarzschild Wicki collection

    Red Conte crayon sketch created by Friedel Bohny-Reiter in 1989. It depicts a partial view of four females of varying age, with their heads wrapped in scarves, standing close together. It is based upon memories of the Rivesaltes internment camp in France where she worked from 1941-1942 as a nurse for Secours Suisse aux Enfants [Swiss Aid to Children]. She gave the drawing to Margot Schwarzschild Wicki who as a 10 year old child was interned in the camp. In 1940, Margot, her parents, Richard and Luisi,and 11 year old Hannelore, were deported to Gurs prison camp from Kaiserlautern, Germany. T...

  5. Plaid handkerchief monogrammed HG given by Hermann Goering to an American guard at Nuremberg

    1. Herbert C. Durkee collection

    Handkerchief embroidered HG and given by Hermann Goering to Herbert C. Durkee, an American guard at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg, Germany, between August 1945 and January 1946. Herbert guarded Goering and helped him control his drug dependency to paracodeine. Goering gave Durkee the handkerchief, one of his last personal possessions, in appreciation of Durkee’s kindness. During the war, 2nd Lt. Durkee was a platoon officer in a field artillery unit and fought in France. The war ended when Germany surrendered on May 7, 1945. In August, 1st Lt. Durkee was transferred to se...

  6. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 500 million marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 500 million marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was issued in 1923 by the German government and is an example of the money printed during the hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic. The small circle watermark indicates a private firm printer. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Erich’s law practice in Vienna was confiscated because he was Jewish. In November, he decided to leave the country for the United States with his wife, Ella, and two step-daughters, Amelia and Gerda. After the war ended in May 1945, Erich worked as a c...

  7. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 1 billion marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 1 billion marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was originally issued in 1922 by the German government in the amount of 1,000 marks but as a result of hyperinflation it was overprinted with a 1 billion amount in 1923. It features an image of the Meister of the Imperial German Mint, Jorg Herz. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Erich’s law practice in Vienna was confiscated because he was Jewish. In November, he decided to leave the country for the United States with his wife, Ella, and two step-daughters, Amelia and Gerda. Af...

  8. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 1 billion marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 1 billion marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was originally issued in 1922 by the German government in the amount of 1,000 marks but as a result of hyperinflation it was overprinted with a 1 billion amount in 1923. It features an image of the Meister of the Imperial German Mint, Jorg Herz. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Erich’s law practice in Vienna was confiscated because he was Jewish. In November, he decided to leave the country for the United States with his wife, Ella, and two step-daughters, Amelia and Gerda. Af...

  9. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 1 billion marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 1 billion marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was originally issued in 1922 by the German government in the amount of 1,000 marks but as a result of hyperinflation it was overprinted with a 1 billion amount in 1923. It features an image of the Meister of the Imperial German Mint, Jorg Herz. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Erich’s law practice in Vienna was confiscated because he was Jewish. In November, he decided to leave the country for the United States with his wife, Ella, and two step-daughters, Amelia and Gerda. Af...

  10. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 2 million marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 2 million marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was issued in 1923 by the German government during the hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic. The oak leaf garland watermark indicates a private firm printer. It features an image of the Hanse merchant, Georg Giese. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Erich’s law practice in Vienna was confiscated because he was Jewish. In November, he decided to leave the country for the United States with his wife, Ella, and two step-daughters, Amelia and Gerda. After the war ended in May 1945,...

  11. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 100 billion marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 100 billion marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was issued in 1923 by the German government during the period of hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submitted several affidavits of support to help family members escape Europe, but Erich lost nearly all his fami...

  12. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 500 million marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 500 million marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was issued in 1923 by the German government during the period of hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic. The small circle watermark indicates a private firm printer.After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submitted several affidavits of support to help fami...

  13. Japanese invasion money, half gulden, acquired postwar by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Japanese invasion money, half gulden, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier in 1945-1946 in Germany where he worked for the US War Department and the World Jewish Congress. Japan occupied the Dutch East Indies in March 1942 and soon began issuing invasion currency. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submitted several affidavits of support to help...

  14. Japanese invasion banknote, 10 pesos, acquired postwar by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Japanese invasion money, 10 pesos, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier in 1945-1946 in Germany where he worked for the US War Department and the World Jewish Congress. Japan occupied the Philippines in January 1942 and soon began issuing invasion currency. The serial letters PM, suggests an early issue. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submit...

  15. Japanese invasion banknote, 5 centavos, acquired postwar by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Japanese invasion money, 5 centavos, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier in 1945-1946 in Germany where he worked for the US War Department and the World Jewish Congress. Japan occupied the Philippines in January 1942 and soon began issuing invasion currency. The serial letters PM, suggests an early issue. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella subm...

  16. Soap bar acquired postwar by an Austrian Jewish refugee working for the WJC

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Bar of soap likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier in 1945 in Germany where he worked for the US War Department and the World Jewish Congress. He was told that it had been made from murdered Jews, although this is not true. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submitted several affidavits of support to help family members escape Europe, but Erich lo...

  17. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 100000 mark, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 100 thousand marks [hundert tausend] mark, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was issued in 1923 by the German government during the hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submitted several affidavits of support to help family members escape Europe, but Erich lost nearl...

  18. Maier and Gruber families papers

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    The papers consist of documents, photographs, passports, clippings, and identification cards relating to the Gruber and Maier families, their experiences in Austria, and their immigration to the United States during the Holocaust. The collection documents Erich Maier’s legal career in Austria through 1938 as well as Erich and Ella Maier’s attempts to facilitate their family members’ immigration to the United States in the 1940s.

  19. Portrait of a Jewish Lithuanian partisan, drawn by Alexander Bogen

    1. Alexander Bogen collection

    Sketch of Tuvia Szeres, a 24 year old partisan fighter known as Tevko the Tiger, created by Alexander Bogen while he was a partisan fighter in the Naroch Forest in Belarussia during World War II. Bogen was an art student in Vilna (Vilnius) in June1941 when Germany occupied Lithuania. In the Vilna ghetto, he sketched scenes of the life of his fellow Jews interned there by the Germans. “An artist doomed to death,” he said in later years, “recording and so preserving those doomed to death.” In 1943, he escaped and joined the partisans, who carried out sabotage and other actions against the occ...

  20. Unused yellow cloth Star of David badge with Juif for Jew issued in Paris

    1. Max Feld and Rose Feld-Rosman collection

    Unused Star of David badge owned by 25 year old Raisa Steinberg Feld in Paris, France, in May 1942. Jews in France were required to wear these on their outer clothing at all times after May 1942; badges were often cut from a pre-printed roll. After Paris was occupied by Germany in May 1940, foreign Jews were in danger of arrest and imprisonment. Raisa and her husband, Max, both deaf, were Jewish refugees from Poland and Germany. In May 1941, Max was arrested and, in July 1942, deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. Raisa went into hiding with their 1.5 year old daughter, Esther,...