Archival Descriptions

Advanced query tips

There are several ways to be more specific in your search query:

"Phrase"
Search an exact match of your query, e.g. "Member lists"
+Phrase
Given word has to be in the result, e.g. +Gestapo
-Phrase
Exclude given word from search, e.g. -Gestapo

Use the following syntax to restrict the search to specific fields:

field:"phrase"
For instance, you can find all descriptions that have the phrase "Auschwitz Birkenau" in their titles by searching for title:"Auschwitz Birkenau".

The following fields are currently available:

  • identifier
  • title
  • creator
  • person
  • place
  • subject
  • address
Displaying items 14,681 to 14,700 of 33,375
Search result ordering
Language of Description: English

  1. Eichmann Trial -- Excerpts from session 94 -- Cross-examination of the Accused

    Footage begins late in Session 94 with cross-examination of Eichmann by Attorney General Gideon Hausner. This section of Session 94 concerns Eichmann's authority to make decisions about deportations. Not shown in the footage, Hausner has presented meeting minutes taken byTheodor Dannecker, in which Dannecker wrote that Eichmann had decided to deport French children (Jews) to Auschwitz as soon as it became possible. Hausner attempts to get Eichmann to admit that this was his decision alone and Judge Landau repeats Hausner's question when the accused fails to give a concrete answer (00:02:49)...

  2. Column of Hungarian Jews

    Jews forced to walk in a line on Rakoczi Street in Budapest, Hungary. Street is lined with shops. The men, women, and children are well-dressed, have yellow stars on their coats, walk with their hands in the air, and carry luggage. 01:00:20 Brief pan of spectators at left watching Jews walk by. 01:00:27 Soldier walking in FG. Spectators watch on both sides of the line, tram passes, MS shop signs, truck. 01:00:545 CUs Jews walking in line.

  3. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 30 and 31 -- Submission of documents

    Sessions 30 and 31. The Court is not in session. Presiding Judge Moshe Landau opens Session 30, and asks Attorney General Gideon Hausner to present the Prosecution's position on the evidence of Hoettl and Huppenkothen. Hausner explains that the Prosecution does not consider either man to be a war criminal; therefore, both witnesses are allowed to enter Israel without threat of arrest. A blip at 00:05:18. Exhibit T/384 is submitted, and Hausner concludes with his evidence for Poland and the Eastern countries. State Attorney Gabriel Bach will present the witnesses and evidence for the Western...

  4. Eichmann Trial -- Session 98 -- Cross-examination of the Accused

    The camera fades in onto Eichmann's empty booth, zooms out, and pans down across the attorney tables to show Hausner standing in the foreground. Eichmann enters the booth (00:01:55) escorted by guards. Servatius enters the frame as Eichmann arranges the set of documents on his desk (00:02:05). There are various shots of the courtroom, Eichmann, and the attorneys. Eichmann can be seen talking to the guard seated on his left (00:05:49). All rise as judges Halevi, Landau, and Raveh enter the courtroom (00:07:30). Judge Landau opens the 98th session of the trial (00:08:29). Hausner continues th...

  5. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 14, 20, 21 and 27 -- Testimonies of Z. Grynszpan, A. Lichtman, Dr. M. Beisky, A. Kovner, Dr. J. Buzminsky

    Sessions 14, 20, 21 and 27. Witness Zyndel Grynszpan describes October 28, 1938; the Nazis came to his house and arrested his entire family. They were taken to the precinct and forced to sign a certificate for deportation. He and his family were deported to Poland: "The misery was great. We had no food, we had not taken any food since Thursday, we had not wanted to eat German bread anymore and we were starving." Assistant State Attorney Ya'Akov Bar-Or questions Grynszpan on the conditions of the Zbaszyn camp. There is a blip at 00:16:35 and witness Ada Lichtman describes her father's arrest...

  6. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 -- Testimony of A. Less

    Sessions 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. Attorney General Gideon Hausner questions Avner Less on his interrogation of Adolf Eichmann. In between three blips, the prosecution presents the audio reel tapes of Eichmann's interrogation. The recordings are in German; therefore, the excerpts are translated into Hebrew and English after each excerpt is played. Following the blip at 00:18:00, Eichmann's statement is translated into Hebrew/English. Eichmann discusses his inability to view injuries: "I am often told that I could never have been a doctor." During the recording, Eichmann makes excuses for his fault...

  7. Pick family photograph collection

    The Pick family photograph collection consists of photographs of the Pick family of Budapest, Hungary, and the Kornhauser family, and their friends before and immediately following World War II. The images include both victims and survivors of the Holocaust. The photographs also include images of George Pick with his preschool class, first and second grade class photographs taken at the Jewish Boys’ Orphanage School in Budapest, a group photograph taken at the wedding of Dr. Jozsef Szalai, two pictures of a Hungarian Jewish labor battalion constructing a road in Cluj (now Cluj-Napoca, Roman...

  8. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 6, 7 and 8 -- Hausner's opening statement

    Sessions 6, 7 and 8. Attorney General Gideon Hausner discusses Adolf Hitler and his use of the Jews as scapegoats: "The Jew was the eternal scapegoat." Hausner notes the anti-Nazi movements in Germany, and German assistance to the Jews: "But after all is said and done, these were a small minority." The Prosecution describes Nazi tactics for the promotion of anti-Semitism such as economic boycotts, the Nuremberg Laws, and the yellow arm badges. Hausner starts Section 2 of his opening speech: "II - The SS, the SD and the Gestapo," which addresses the different groups of the Reich. Upon the co...

  9. Eichmann Trial -- Session 84 -- Examination of the Accused re: Greece, Bulgaria, Romania

    Footage begins in the middle of Session 84. Servatius presents documents on Greece beginning with an order from Eichmann to Wisliceny for the deportation of all the Jews in Athens and Greece in general to Auschwitz. Eichmann states that he did not give these orders (00:02:19). A large section of the proceedings is missing. Servatius introduces an invitation from Rademacher to a meeting in Berlin for "Jewish Specialist Officers" to discuss technical matters relating to concentration camps, including visits to certain camps. Eichmann cites another document about the same meeting in which ther...

  10. Eichmann Trial -- Session 114 -- Courtroom and closing statement of the Defense

    Session 114. Dr. Servatius sits. The Judges are not in the courtroom. 00:05:19 Judges enter and tell Dr. Servatius to continue. 00:06:03 Tape jumps. Dr. Servatius talks about the skeletons that Eichmann gave, saying that the entire request is peculiar. He refutes the accusations of Einsatzgruppen shootings with affidavits, as well as the cooperation of Eichmann with the Einsatzgruppen in the Baltics and the Soviet Union. 00:11:03 Dr. Servatius admits that Eichmann was in charge of deportations and relocations of Jews, but had no idea that death was the fate of these Jews. They were shot by ...

  11. Eichmann Trial -- Session 1 -- Preliminary objections by Defense Counsel

    Session 1. Begins as the court debates the relevance of the Eichmann letter. Dr. Servatius claims the letter is important to his case whereas Mr. Hausner asserts that the letter is irrelevant to the trial. The Judges discuss this matter amongst themselves. After much deliberation, the Judges make the first court decision: "We accept letter T/2 as an exhibit without expressing an opinion as to its value as proof." Hausner continues his speech by responding to Servatius's complaint regarding the lack of witnesses for the defense. Servatius previously stated that his case is hindered by the tr...

  12. Eichmann Trial -- Session 96 -- Cross-examination of the Accused

    Footage begins late in Session 96 during the translation into English of Attorney General Gideon Hausner's inquiries into the use of badges to identify the Jews. The accused, in footage not shown on this tape, was asked a series of questions about the purpose of the badges. Footage continues with Eichmann being asked whether Theodor Dannecker, Rolf Günther, Dieter Wisliceny and other participants were aware of the fate of the Jews (00:02:03). Eichmann testifies that he did not discuss it with them (00:02:34). When asked if they simply did not know what happened to the deported Jews, Eichman...

  13. Eichmann Trial -- Session 113 -- Prosecution continues summing up and courtroom

    Session 113. Attorney General Hausner argues to the Judges that the precedents set prior to the Eichmann Trial can be used to indict Eichmann without charges of conspiracy, and rather his actions should be seen as corroboration with conspiracy (duplicate footage from Tape 2226). 00:07:11 Session 113 is adjourned, the Judges leave. Various shots of the crowd leaving the courtroom.

  14. Eichmann Trial -- Session 102 -- Cross-examination of the Accused: sterilization, Einsatzgruppen, Sassen

    Session 102. Eichmann talks about his office's role in the taking of property of the displaced, and the scope of the duties of Section IVB4. 00:02:42 Eichmann is asked by Hausner about sterilization, he continuously cuts off Eichmann, insisting on yes or no answers. Eichmann is asked about a meeting called by Heydrich where he was included as an expert, and he claims that he had no real part of the meeting, which Hausner argues. 00:12:28 Hausner begins asking about Eichmann's contact with the Einsatzgruppen. Eichmann claims that the document pertaining to them was not created by his office,...

  15. Eichmann Trial -- Session 93 -- Cross-examination of the Accused about his position within RSHA

    The camera opens on Servatius and Bar-Or in conversation. Eichmann, escorted by three guards, enters the booth. There are various shots of the courtroom and the lawyers. All rise as judges Benjamin Halevi, Moshe Landau, and Yitzchak Raveh enter the courtroom. Judge Landau opens the ninety-third session of the trial (00:05:24). Attorney General Gideon Hausner resumes cross-examination of the accused with an affidavit from Dr. Rudolf Mildner, which describes Eichmann as the advisor on all Jewish matters. Eichmann testifies that Mildner was wrong in describing him thus (00:10:26). Eichmann sil...

  16. Eichmann Trial -- Sessions 52 and 53 -- Testimonies of Pinhas Freudiger, Martin Foeldi, Ze'ev Sapir

    Session 52. Footage begins in the middle of the session with testimony from Pinhas Freudiger identifying Eichmann and relating the circumstances under which he first met Eichmann in Budapest. He notes that he had wanted to speak to Krumey and Eichmann's deputy Dieter Wisliceny about stopping the deportations. Eichmann takes notes. There is some confusion about the translation of a German phrase (00:05:15). Various shots of Eichmann, the judge's bench and both the prosecution and defense lawyers. A portion of the proceedings is missing and footage resumes with Freudiger testifying about his ...

  17. Photograph of Jewish man in Oradea, Romania

    Contains a black-and-white photograph of an unidentified Jewish man wearing a Star of David badge in Oradea, Romania (Nagyvárad, Hungary), dated circa 1944. The number “60” handwritten in graphite on verso.

  18. Eichmann Trial -- Session 88 -- Hausner cross-examines the Accused about his antisemitism

    The footage begins in the middle of the session. Attorney General Gideon Hausner cross-examines Adolf Eichmann about a statement Eichmann made: that he would gladly jump into his grave knowing that the war had taken the lives of five million Jewish enemies of the Reich. This is duplicate footage also found on Tape 2120 (at 00:17:49) and Tape 2121 (at 00:50:23). Tape 2120 is more complete. Hausner then questions the accused about a written statement in which Eichmann asserts that Adolf Hitler had already declared war on the Jews before the start of World War II (00:14:43). Eichmann says that...

  19. Bertel K. Borowsky memoir

    Contains a memoir, 10 pages, by Bertel K. Borowsky, dedicated to his sons, Mark and Claude, describing the persecution and destruction of his family during the Holocaust.

  20. Eichmann Trial -- Session 111 -- Prosecution continues summing up

    Session 111. The Attorney General Hausner continues summing up the case of the Prosecution. He lists the criterions for guilt from another case and applies them to Eichmann. He says that Eichmann deported people without authorization, showing that he acted on his own. 00:11:30 Hausner reads various reasons why the General Government had no control over any of the camps, nor could they even know what they were for, thus showing that the camps could only fall under the auspices of the SS and Eichmann. He says that Eichmann's claims of having no part are based on lies. 00:23:22 Eichmann's role...