Archival Descriptions

Advanced query tips

There are several ways to be more specific in your search query:

"Phrase"
Search an exact match of your query, e.g. "Member lists"
+Phrase
Given word has to be in the result, e.g. +Gestapo
-Phrase
Exclude given word from search, e.g. -Gestapo

Use the following syntax to restrict the search to specific fields:

field:"phrase"
For instance, you can find all descriptions that have the phrase "Auschwitz Birkenau" in their titles by searching for title:"Auschwitz Birkenau".

The following fields are currently available:

  • identifier
  • title
  • creator
  • person
  • place
  • subject
  • address
Displaying items 6,321 to 6,340 of 6,679
Search result ordering
Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. C.I.-6-43 hand stamp made to forge papers for the resistance

    1. Gilbert Leidervarger and Donoff family collection

    Counterfeit hand stamp made by Gilbert Leidervarger in southern France between 1942 and 1944 to authenticate forged documents made by the French resistance. Recreating official rubber stamps was difficult because of the special materials and carving skills required. Erasing rubber was not really suitable; some forgers used linoleum or sliced and combined sections from purloined or discontinued stamps. After Germany invaded France on May 10, 1940, Gilbert, wife Suzanne Donoff, and Suzanne’s six siblings, Lina, Rosette, David, Robert, two other sisters, and Robert’s wife Nelly, became involve...

  2. Charbon hand stamp made to forge papers for the resistance

    1. Gilbert Leidervarger and Donoff family collection

    Counterfeit unmounted hand stamp with Charbon 1942-1943 made by Gilbert Leidervarger in southern France between 1942 and 1944 to authenticate forged documents made by the French resistance. The stamp likely was used to forge coal ration cards. Recreating official rubber stamps was difficult because of the special materials and carving skills required. Erasing rubber was not really suitable; some forgers used linoleum or sliced and combined sections from purloined or discontinued stamps. After Germany invaded France on May 10, 1940, Gilbert, wife Suzanne Donoff, and Suzanne’s six siblings, L...

  3. Villeneuve-sur-Lot town hall stamp made to forge papers for the resistance

    1. Gilbert Leidervarger and Donoff family collection

    Counterfeit hand stamp made by Gilbert Leidervarger in southern France between 1942 and 1944 to authenticate forged documents made by the French resistance. It is a town hall stamp for Villeneuve-sur-Lot in the Lot-et-Garonne department. Recreating official rubber stamps was difficult because of the special materials and carving skills required. Erasing rubber was not really suitable; some forgers used linoleum or sliced and combined sections from purloined or discontinued stamps. After Germany invaded France on May 10, 1940, Gilbert, wife Suzanne Donoff, and Suzanne’s six siblings, Lina, R...

  4. Bois 1942 hand stamp made to forge papers for the resistance

    1. Gilbert Leidervarger and Donoff family collection

    Counterfeit hand stamp with Bois 1942 made by Gilbert Leidervarger in southern France between 1942 and 1944 to authenticate forged documents made by the French resistance. Recreating official rubber stamps was difficult because of the special materials and carving skills required. Erasing rubber was not really suitable; some forgers used linoleum or sliced and combined sections from purloined or discontinued stamps. After Germany invaded France on May 10, 1940, Gilbert, wife Suzanne Donoff, and Suzanne’s six siblings, Lina, Rosette, David, Robert, two other sisters, and Robert’s wife Nelly,...

  5. Police commissioner stamp made to forge papers for the resistance

    1. Gilbert Leidervarger and Donoff family collection

    Counterfeit police commissioner hand stamp made by Gilbert Leidervarger in southern France between 1942 and 1944 to authenticate forged documents made by the French resistance. Recreating official rubber stamps was difficult because of the special materials and carving skills required. Erasing rubber was not really suitable; some forgers used linoleum or sliced and combined sections from purloined or discontinued stamps. After Germany invaded France on May 10, 1940, Gilbert, wife Suzanne Donoff, and Suzanne’s six siblings, Lina, Rosette, David, Robert, two other sisters, and Robert’s wife N...

  6. Murianette town hall stamp made to forge papers for the resistance

    1. Gilbert Leidervarger and Donoff family collection

    Counterfeit unmounted hand stamp made by Gilbert Leidervarger between 1942 and 1944 to authenticate forged documents for the French resistance. It is a town hall stamp for Murianette near Grenoble in southern France. Recreating official rubber stamps was difficult because of the special materials and carving skills required. Erasing rubber was not really suitable; some forgers used linoleum or sliced and combined sections from purloined or discontinued stamps. After Germany invaded France on May 10, 1940, Gilbert, wife Suzanne Donoff, and Suzanne’s six siblings, Lina, Rosette, David, Robert...

  7. Joodsche Raad armband worn by a German Jewish aide in a transit camp

    1. Eric W. Zielenziger family collection

    Joosche Raad (Jewish Council) stenciled white cloth armband worn by Eric Zielenziger, 22, while working in Westerbork transit camp in the Netherlands from December 1942 to March 1943. He worked on behalf of the emigration department of the Amsterdam Joodsche Raad and traveled between the city and the camp. In March, German authorities told Eric he could no longer travel between the two and Eric decided to stay in Amsterdam. In September 1943, Eric’s parents, Kurt and Lilly, were sent to Westerbork. That October, Eric went into hiding in the home of Frits and Jacoba Blom. The winter of 1944 ...

  8. Grynfeld and Grynglas families' papers

    The papers consist of a registration form ("Anmeldung") and eight photographs 2 of which are adhered to documents that contain text relating to the experiences of the Grynfeld-Grynglas familes in Łódź, Poland, and the displaced persons camp in Leipheim, Germany.

  9. Soviet Union, 3 chervonets note, acquired by a Hungarian Jewish forced laborer

    1. Louis Davis collection

    Soviet bank note, 3 chervonets, issued 1937, acquired by 21-year old Ladislav Davidovic when he served in a Hungarian forced labor unit on the Russian front during World War II. Louis was from a region in Czechoslovakia that was annexed by Hungary in 1938. He was able to stay in school at the Jewish Gymnasium, but when he graduated in 1943, he was ordered into the Hungarian army, close allies of Nazi Germany. He was put in charge of a forced labor battalion of Jewish boys who were responsible for rebuilding bombed railroads on the eastern front during the German retreat from Russia. After l...

  10. Soviet Union, 10 chervonets note, acquired by a Hungarian Jewish forced laborer

    1. Louis Davis collection

    Soviet bank note, 10 chervonets, issued 1937, acquired by 21-year old Ladislav Davidovic when he served in a Hungarian forced labor unit on the Russian front during World War II. Louis was from a region in Czechoslovakia that was annexed by Hungary in 1938. He was able to stay in school at the Jewish Gymnasium, but when he graduated in 1943, he was ordered into the Hungarian army, close allies of Nazi Germany. He was put in charge of a forced labor battalion of Jewish boys who were responsible for rebuilding bombed railroads on the eastern front during the German retreat from Russia. After ...

  11. Soviet Union, 10 chervonets note, acquired by a Hungarian Jewish forced laborer

    1. Louis Davis collection

    Soviet bank note, 10 chervonets, issued 1937, acquired by 21-year old Louis Davis when he served in a Hungarian forced labor unit on the Russian front during World War II. Louis was from a region in Czechoslovakia that was annexed by Hungary in 1938. He was able to stay in school at the Jewish Gymnasium, but when he graduated in 1943, he was ordered into the Hungarian army, close allies of Nazi Germany. He was put in charge of a forced labor battalion of Jewish boys who were responsible for rebuilding bombed railroads on the eastern front during the German retreat from Russia. After liberat...

  12. Plastic document case used by a former Hungarian Jewish forced laborer

    1. Louis Davis collection

    Document case used by 21-year old Ladislav Davidovic who served in a Hungarian forced labor unit on the eastern front in 1943. He kept his school records with him through the war, perhaps in this document case, where they stayed safe until liberation. Ladislav was from a region in Czechoslovakia that was annexed by Hungary in 1938. He was able to continue at the Jewish Gymnasium, but when he graduated in 1943, he was ordered into the Hungarian army, close allies of Nazi Germany. He was put in charge of a forced labor squad of Jewish boys who were responsible for rebuilding bombed railroads ...

  13. Soviet Union, 3 chervonets note, acquired by a Hungarian Jewish forced laborer

    1. Louis Davis collection

    Soviet bank note, 3 chervonets, issued 1937, acquired by 21-year old Ladislav Davidovic when he served in a Hungarian forced labor unit on the Russian front during World War II. Louis was from a region in Czechoslovakia that was annexed by Hungary in 1938. He was able to stay in school at the Jewish Gymnasium, but when he graduated in 1943, he was ordered into the Hungarian army, close allies of Nazi Germany. He was put in charge of a forced labor battalion of Jewish boys who were responsible for rebuilding bombed railroads on the eastern front during the German retreat from Russia. After l...

  14. Etching of a sad young boy in an internment camp created postwar by a Swiss Aid nurse/rescuer

    1. Margot Schwarzschild Wicki collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn518759
    • English
    • 1942
    • overall: Height: 10.125 inches (25.718 cm) | Width: 6.500 inches (16.51 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.875 inches (17.463 cm) | Width: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm)

    Sepia ink etched print of a melancholy young boy created by Friedel Bohny-Reiter circa 1989. It is based upon memories of the Rivesaltes internment camp in France where she worked from 1941-1942 as a nurse for Secours Suisse aux Enfants [Swiss Aid to Children]. She gave the drawing to Margot Schwarzschild Wicki who as a 10 year old child was interned in the camp. In 1940, Margot, her parents, Richard and Luisi, and Hannelore, 11, were deported to Gurs prison camp from Kaiserlautern, Germany. They were transferred to Rivesaltes and, in 1942, placed on a list of Jews to be deported to concent...

  15. Pencil sketch of a young boy with haunted eyes created postwar by a Swiss Aid nurse and rescuer

    1. Margot Schwarzschild Wicki collection

    Pencil and ink sketch of a young boy with large, dark, despairing eyes created by Friedel Bohny-Reiter in 1989. It is labelled draft and resembles her etching, 2006.464.2. It is based upon memories of the Rivesaltes internment camp in France where she worked from 1941-1942 as a nurse for Secours Suisse aux Enfants [Swiss Aid to Children]. She gave the drawing to Margot Schwarzschild Wicki who as a 10 year old child was interned in the camp. In 1940, Margot, her parents, Richard and Luisi,and 11 year old Hannelore, were deported to Gurs prison camp from Kaiserlautern, Germany. They were tran...

  16. Red crayon sketch of 4 females in heavy scarves created postwar by a Swiss Aid nurse and rescuer

    1. Margot Schwarzschild Wicki collection

    Red Conte crayon sketch created by Friedel Bohny-Reiter in 1989. It depicts a partial view of four females of varying age, with their heads wrapped in scarves, standing close together. It is based upon memories of the Rivesaltes internment camp in France where she worked from 1941-1942 as a nurse for Secours Suisse aux Enfants [Swiss Aid to Children]. She gave the drawing to Margot Schwarzschild Wicki who as a 10 year old child was interned in the camp. In 1940, Margot, her parents, Richard and Luisi,and 11 year old Hannelore, were deported to Gurs prison camp from Kaiserlautern, Germany. T...

  17. Pencil portrait of his father brought to the US by a Jewish refugee from Vienna

    1. David Mentken family collection

    Portrait of his father, Salomon, brought with David Mentkewicz, when he, his wife Regina, and their sons, 7 year old Edgar and 4 year old Robert, left Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in September 1938. Germany annexed Austria on March 12, 1938, and enacted anti-Jewish policies stripping Jews of their rights. The Mentkewicz family capmaking business declined and they barely made enough to buy food. Regina was able to obtain visas and permissions to leave with the help of her family, many already in the US. Salomon and his wife Frieda were too elderly to leave. David and his family l...

  18. Small black painted scissors from the family capmaking business brought to the US by a Jewish refugee

    1. David Mentken family collection

    Small fabric scissors brought with David Mentkewicz, when he, his wife Regina, and their sons, 7 year old Edgar and 4 year old Robert, left Nazi ruled Vienna, Austria, for the United States in September 1938. The scissors were used in the family capmaking business operated out of their home. David had helped his parents, Salomon and Frieda, with the work as soon as he was old enough. When he married, his wife Regina also worked making caps. At one point, they made wool caps for the military. But by the 1930s, it was a piecework business, and did not bring in enough income to support the fam...

  19. Small brass sign from the family capmaking business brought to the US by a Jewish refugee from Vienna

    1. David Mentken family collection

    Brass sign plate from his family’s capmaking business brought with David Mentkewicz, when he, his wife Regina, and their sons, 7 year old Edgar and 4 year old Robert, left Nazi ruled Vienna, Austria, for the United States in September 1938. Salomon and his wife Frieda, operated a capmaking business in their home. When David was old enough, he helped with the work, as did his wife Regina. At one point, they made wool caps for the military. But it was a piecework buisness, and, by the 1930s, capmaking did not bring in enough income to support the family. Germany annexed Austria on March 12, 1...

  20. Small silhouette of his father brought to the US by a Jewish refugee from Vienna

    1. David Mentken family collection

    Small silhouette of his father, Salomon, brought with David Mentkewicz, when he, his wife Regina, and their sons, 7 year old Edgar and 4 year old Robert, left Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in September 1938. Germany annexed Austria on March 12, 1938, and enacted anti-Jewish policies stripping Jews of their rights. The Mentkewicz family capmaking business declined and they barely made enough to buy food. Regina was able to obtain visas and permissions to leave with the help of her family. Salomon and his wife Frieda were too elderly to leave. David and his family left in September...