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Displaying items 6,161 to 6,180 of 6,679
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Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. 9/10 double edge iron shoemaking tool used by a Polish Jewish refugee conscripted as a shoemaker by the Soviet Army

    1. Simon Gelbart collection

    9/10 double edge iron shoemaking tool used by Simon Gelbart, who was conscripted into the Soviet Army from 1943-1945 because of his shoemaking skills. This burnishing tool is heated and heavily pressed along the edge of the shoe sole to strengthen the edge and seal it from water. There are several edge irons of different sizes and forms in his tool kit which Simon, a master shoemaker, kept with him all through the war. After Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, Simon kept moving his family, his wife, Sara, and sons David, 9, and Haim, 5, east to escape persecution. Soon after they reac...

  2. Edge iron shoemaking tool used by a Polish Jewish refugee conscripted as a shoemaker by the Soviet Army

    1. Simon Gelbart collection

    Edge iron shoemaking tool used by Simon Gelbart, who was conscripted into the Soviet Army from 1943-1945 because of his shoemaking skills. This burnishing tool is heated and heavily pressed along the edge of the shoe sole to strengthen the edge and seal it from water. There are several edge irons of different sizes and forms in his tool kit which Simon, a master shoemaker, kept with him all through the war. After Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, Simon kept moving his family, his wife, Sara, and sons David, 9, and Haim, 5, east to escape persecution. Soon after they reached Soviet t...

  3. 5/6 double edge iron shoemaking tool used by a Polish Jewish refugee conscripted as a shoemaker by the Soviet Army

    1. Simon Gelbart collection

    5/6 double edge iron shoemaking tool used by Simon Gelbart, who was conscripted into the Soviet Army from 1943-1945 because of his shoemaking skills. This burnishing tool is heated and heavily pressed along the edge of the shoe sole to strengthen the edge and seal it from water. There are several edge irons of different sizes and forms in his tool kit which Simon, a master shoemaker, kept with him all through the war. After Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, Simon kept moving his family, his wife, Sara, and sons David, 9, and Haim, 5, east to escape persecution. Soon after they reach...

  4. Bagriansky-Zerner family collection

    1. Bagriansky-Zerner family collection and Edwin Geist collection

    The collection consists of immigration and personal identification documents, photographs, writings, correspondence and related materials that document the experiences of Paul and Gerta (nee Chason) Bagriansky, their daughter, Rosian Bagriansky Zerner, and their extended family. Included is information about their pre-war life in Lithuania, their life under Soviet and German occupation, including internment in the Kaunas ghetto and their escape from it, the hiding of Rosian with various Lithuanian acquaintances for the duration of the war, Paul Bagriansky’s experiences as a partisan during ...

  5. Life Saving Cross with a striped ribbon and presentation box awarded to a Lithuanian rescuer

    1. Bagriansky-Zerner family collection and Edwin Geist collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn106381
    • English
    • 1942-1944
    • a: Height: 3.000 inches (7.62 cm) | Width: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) b: Height: 5.125 inches (13.017 cm) | Width: 3.000 inches (7.62 cm) | Depth: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) boxes 6

    Zuvanciuju Gelbejimo Kryzius [Life Saving Cross] of Lithuania with fitted case awarded to Lidija Goluboviene and presented to Rosian Bagriansky Zerner, who as a 6 year old child, was hidden by Lidija, and also Natalija Fugaleviciue, Natalija Egorovna, Bronia Budrekaite, and Helene Holzman. The medal is awarded to those who, despite danger to themselves, perform acts of bravery that save the life of others. The medal was presented to Rosian at a 2009 ceremony in Lithuania. Lidija's sister Natalija Fugaleviciue was also honored with the award. After Germany invaded Kovno (Kaunas), Lithuania, ...

  6. German Rentenbank, 1 Rentenmark note, acquired by a Polish Jewish survivor

    1. Regina and Halina Goldwag collection

    Rentenbank note, valued at 1 Rentenmark, acquired by Regina Zak Goldwag or her daughter Halina while in Germany during or after World War II. The money was distributed for use in Germany from January 1937 to 1948. Regina and her two children, Halina and Ludwik, were living in Warsaw when the German army invaded Poland, on September 1, 1939. Ludwik soon left to join the Polish army, but after Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned Poland, he got stuck behind the Soviet border. In October 1940, Regina and Halina were forced to relocate to Warsaw’s newly established Jewish ghetto. In the sum...

  7. Forced laborer identification badge worn by a Polish Jewish woman using a false identity

    1. Regina and Halina Goldwag collection

    Identification badge worn by Regina Zak Goldwag, or her daughter Halina, while working as forced laborers at the Dr. Gaspary & Co. factory in Markranstädt, Germany, at the end of World War II. Regina and her two children, Halina and Ludwik, were living in Warsaw when the German army invaded Poland, on September 1, 1939. Ludwik soon left to join the Polish army, but after Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned Poland, he got stuck behind the Soviet border. In October 1940, Regina and Halina were forced to relocate to Warsaw’s newly established Jewish ghetto. In the summer of 1942, they...

  8. Abraham Lewent papers

    The Abraham Lewent papers include biographical materials, correspondence, immigration materials, poems, and personal narratives documenting Abraham Lewent, the concentration camps he survived during the Holocaust, his refugee and displaced person status and job training after liberation, and his immigration to the United States. Biographical materials include a list of the places Lewent was incarcerated, a certificate documenting his detention in Dachau, an identification card from the Feldafing displaced persons camp, a membership card for the Council of Warsaw Jews in the American Zone of...

  9. Gold ring taken by a Jewish youth when he escaped Treblinka death camp

    Gold ring missing the setting taken by 18 year old Yidl (Eddie) Wajnsztajn from Treblinka death camp where he was forced to sort the belongings of incoming inmates. Yidl, his mother Leah, and 20 year old brother Israel were deported by the Germans to Treblinka from Losice, Poland, on August 22, 1942. The next day, while waiting in line for water, he was shot in the chest by an SS guard. Israel hid him and dressed the wound, then went to get water and never came back. Yidl escaped and returned to Losice. He told the remaining Jews about the horrors he had seen, but no one believed him. His f...

  10. Ney and Grundmann families papers

    1. Ney and Grundmann families collection

    The Ney and Grundmann families collection consists of correspondence, documents, autograph books, printed material, audiovisual recordings, and other related materials, documenting the history of the families of Herbert Ney (Neu), originally of Munich, Germany, and his wife, Hannelore (née Grundmann), originally of Essen, Germany, relating to their emigration from Germany due to anti-Semitic persecution, as well as documenting their lives in pre-Holocaust era Germany, and following their immigration to the United States. The Biographical series includes identification, education, immigratio...

  11. Schächter family papers

    The collection documents the Holocaust experiences of Filip and Janina (née Hirsch) Schächter (later Philip and Jean Schechter) living in Poland and Germany under false identities, and their daughter Basha Schächter (later Barbara Cohen) who was a hidden child in Dürnholz, Germany (Drnholec, Czech Republic) from 1942-1945. Biographical materials include documents under Janina and Filip’s false identities, Janina and Frank Rogalski; identification papers; Basha’s identification card from the Stuttgart displaced persons camp; a testimonial document by Janina; a small amount of correspondence ...

  12. Schwarz and Rosenwald families papers

    1. Schwarz and Rosenwald families collection

    The Schwarz and Rosenwald families papers consist of correspondence, immigration and identification documents, financial records, news clippings, photographs, printed materials, and other related materials, which primarily document the experiences of the family of Richard and Bertha (née Rosenwald) Schwarz, of Hannover, Germany, who fled that country in 1936 due to anti-Semitic persecution, and were able to do so with the assistance of the family of Julius Rosenwald, the co-founder of the Sears, Roebuck and Company, who were distant American relatives of theirs. The collection includes corr...

  13. Jehuda and Pola Stopnicki papers

    The papers consist of documents and 21 photographs relating to the experiences of Jehuda and Pola Stopnicki (donors' parents) during and after the Holocaust. Includes restitution papers and correspondence; testimonies of Jehuda and Pola Stopnicki's and their families' experiences; poems written by Jehuda Stopnicki shortly before her wedding; and family photographs from before World War II, while living as displaced persons in France, and after their immigration to Israel and later to Bolivia.

  14. White cloth armband worn by a Roman Catholic Polish firefighter in Warsaw

    1. Hermanowski family collection

    Firefighter’s armband issued to Wojciech Hermanowski and used during the German occupation of Warsaw. The armband enabled Wojciech to safely go out on the streets, even after curfew, which was dangerous for most Polish residents. Wojciech was a Roman Catholic boy living with his parents, Jan and Stanislawa, and his older brother, Andrzej, in Warsaw, Poland, when the German army invaded on September 1, 1939. Wojciech was no longer allowed to go to school, so he began attending trade school and took general classes in secret. In February 1943, Andrzej was arrested as part of the underground r...

  15. Forced labor badge worn by a Roman Catholic Polish youth

    1. Hermanowski family collection

    Forced labor badge worn by Wojciech Hermanowski, to identify him as a Polish forced laborer in Wriezen and Eberswalde, Germany, near Breslau, between August 1944 and May 1945. Wojciech was a Roman Catholic boy living with his parents, Jan and Stanislawa, and his older brother, Andrzej, in Warsaw, Poland, when the German army invaded on September 1, 1939. Wojciech was no longer allowed to go to school, so he began attending trade school and took general classes in secret. In February 1943, Andrzej was arrested as part of the underground resistance, and later transported to Auschwitz concentr...

  16. Embroidered brown tefillin bag used by a Jewish Polish man

    1. Edward Smolarz collection

    Tefillin pouch given Idek Smolarz, 25, while recovering in a hospital in Wels, Austria, after his liberation on May 5, 1945. Idek received a tefillin set from another patient, a Czech boy who kept the tefillin with him while working for the Germans digging fox holes. In May 1942, Idek and his oldest brother Solomon were sent to Krakow-Kostrze labor camp, and then to Krakow-Płaszów, where they were joined by their father Meyer. Their mother and siblings were rounded up in Skala, Poland. In summer 1943, Meyer died of typhus. In early 1944, Idek and Solomon were sent to Auschwitz I. In March, ...

  17. Armband stamped Jewish Police Schwandorf acquired by a US soldier

    1. Joseph W. Eaton collection

    Schwandorf Jewish police armband acquired by Joseph W. Eaton, 26, presumably after the war in Schwandorf displaced persons camp in Germany. Joseph had lived in the United States since November 1934 when his parents sent him away from Berlin, Germany. After joining the Army in 1942, he was trained in military government and psychological warfare at Camp Ritchie. He entered combat six weeks after D-Day, June 4, 1944, as part of the 4th Mobile Broadcasting Unit, Allied Headquarters. He was part of a handpicked Press and Publications Unit responsible for radio and print propaganda for German tr...

  18. Theresienstadt scrapbook acquired by a German American US soldier

    1. Joseph W. Eaton collection

    Scrapbook containing scrip and a Star of David badge owned by Joseph W. Eaton. Joseph had lived in the United States since November 1934 when his parents in Berlin, Germany, got him passage through German Jewish Children’s Aid. In September 1942, he entered the US Army and was trained in military government and psychological warfare at Camp Ritchie. He entered the war zone in France, six weeks after D-Day, June 4, 1944, as part of the 4th Mobile Broadcasting Unit, Allied Headquarters. He was part of a handpicked Press and Publications Unit under Hans Habe responsible for creating propaganda...

  19. Nuremberg: War Crimes Trial (IMT) - Soviet compilation

    Russian film produced by the Central Studio of Documentary Films in Moscow about the War Crimes Trial (IMT) in Nuremberg. Reel 4 begins with archival footage of Warsaw bombardment: Goering pointing to a map, quickly cutting to an aerial LS of a descending German plane cuts to an aerial shot depicting bombs dropping past lens. CU Goering in courtroom. Montage of archival footage depicting German soldiers entering Paris, often smiling at the camera intercut with MS of French prosecutor addressing court. MS British Prosecutor Hartley Shawcross. Montage of footage of German U-boats under Doenit...

  20. Singer Model 15 sewing machine and table used by Jewish Romanian woman who was massacred

    1. Ratza Solomonskaya collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn562283
    • English
    • 1927
    • a: Height: 8.875 inches (22.543 cm) | Width: 16.500 inches (41.91 cm) | Depth: 7.000 inches (17.78 cm) b: Height: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) | Width: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) c: Height: 8.125 inches (20.638 cm) | Width: 35.875 inches (91.123 cm) | Depth: 17.750 inches (45.085 cm) d: Height: 26.625 inches (67.628 cm) | Width: 23.750 inches (60.325 cm) | Depth: 18.875 inches (47.943 cm)

    Singer sewing machine mounted on a wooden table with wrought iron legs that Ratza (Reyza) Solomonskaya used to earn her livelihood as a seamstress in the small town of Pepeni, Romania (now Pepeny, Moldova), during the Holocaust. She lived with her husband, a shoemaker named Mark Solomonski, and their teenage daughters, Khayka and Ita. During World War II, their town was in Bessarabia, a historically contested region, which had been part of Romania following World War I until it was ceded to the Soviet Union in June 1940. In June 1941, during the German invasion of the Soviet Union, Romania ...