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Displaying items 5,401 to 5,420 of 6,679
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Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. Square, brown burlap covered trunk used postwar by a young German Jewish refugee

    1. Dorit Isaacsohn family collection

    Brown cloth covered trunk used by 16 year old Dorit Isaacsohn and her mother Gertrud during their November 1949 emigration from Berlin, Germany, to the United States. By the late 1930’s, Dorit’s parents had lost their livelihood because of the anti-Semitic policies of the Nazi regime. Dorit, age 6, was sent to Brussels on a Kindertransport in 1939. Germany invaded Belgium in May 1940 and Dorit was returned to her parents in Berlin in 1941. On February 27, 1943, Dorit and her family had to separate to go into hiding. Dorit stayed with a family friend, a cousin, and her father Julius in Berli...

  2. Wooden toy bus owned by a Czechoslovakian Jewish girl

    1. Pollatschek family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn551457
    • English
    • a: Height: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Width: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Depth: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) b: Height: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) | Width: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm)

    Wooden toy bus given to Renate Pollatschek (later Renata Polt) by her parents in the 1930s when they were living in Ústí nad Labem, Czechoslovakia. The bus is a German toy with “Eilkraftwagen” painted on the sides, rather than “Autobus.” The new word was likely created by the Nazi party to replace foreign words like “Autobus” in the German language. Renate lived with her parents, Friedrich and Elisabeth, her older brother, Hans, and her paternal grandmother, Henriette. She was less than a year old when Adolf Hitler was named Chancellor of Germany on January 30, 1933. Friedrich, was concerne...

  3. Sewing box with accessories carried by a Kindertransport refugee

    1. Lilli Schischa Tauber family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn515005
    • English
    • a: Height: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm) | Width: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Depth: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) b: Height: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Width: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Depth: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) c: Height: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Depth: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) d: Height: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Width: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) | Depth: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm) e: Height: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Width: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) f: Height: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm) | Width: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) | Depth: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) g: Height: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Width: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Depth: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) h: Height: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) | Width: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) | Depth: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) i: Height: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Width: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) j: Height: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) | Width: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) k: Height: 50.750 inches (128.905 cm) | Width: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) l: Height: 18.375 inches (46.673 cm) | Width: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) m: Height: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Diameter: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) n: Height: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Width: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) o: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Diameter: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) p: Height: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) | Diameter: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) q: Height: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Diameter: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) r: Height: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Diameter: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) s: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) t-ap: Height: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)

    Travel sewing kit with 19 items, such as a thimble, snaps, needles, and thread bought for 11 year old Lilli (Karoline) Schischa to take on the Kindertransport from Austria to Great Britain on July 13, 1939. In March 1938, Nazi Germany marched into Austria and made it part of the Third Reich. Jewish persecution. The clothing store owned by Lilli's parents, Wilhelm and Johanna, in Wiener Neustadt was seized. Lilli's brother, Edi, age 24, left for Palestine in October 1938. Her father was arrested during the Kristallnacht pogrom that November, but released after ten days. Her parents were able...

  4. German Luftwaffe M1935 helmet

    1. Nina S. Merrick collection

    Luftwaffe M1935 combat helmet like those used by German paratroopers circa 1939. The origins and use of this helmet are not known. It was acquired by Nina Merrick many years after the war in the United States. Nina was originally from Rotkitno, Poland, where she lived with her parents Yeshua and Masha, and siblings Yitzthak and Chana. Rokitno was occupied by the Soviet Union in September 1939. After Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, Nina's mother was arrested and hanged. Nina and her family were moved to Berisov ghetto (Barysau, Belarus.) In August 1942, Nina escaped to the for...

  5. Striped bath towel embroidered with the inmate’s prisoner number and used in Buchenwald concentration camp

    1. Percy Brand collection

    Towel used by 35 year old Perec Brandt, embroidered with his prisoner number, 82321/23, for Buchenwald concentration camp where he was imprisoned from 1943-1945. Perec was the concertmaster of the Riga Latvian Symphony Orchestra in 1940 when the Soviets annexed Latvia. In June 1941, Latvia was under German occupation and Perec’s wife, daughter, and son were murdered by the SS Einsatzgruppen [mobile killing unit]. Perec was forced into the Riga ghetto, and later transferred to Riga-Kaiserwald, Stutthof, and Buchenwald concentration camps. In Buchenwald, he was ordered to play his violin for ...

  6. Honor Cross of the World War 1914/1918 ribbon awarded to a German Jewish soldier

    1. Marion Freyer Wolff collection

    WWI service ribbon, known as the Hindenburg Cross, awarded to Leo Freyer, a German Jewish veteran of the Austro-Hungarian Army, World War I. The medal was established by President von Hindenburg in July 1934 to honor German participants of the Great War. Individuals had to apply to the government to receive the medal. It was the only medal issued by the Third Reich to honor veterans of that war. As the Nazi dictatorship increased its persecution of Jews after coming to power in 1933, Leo decided to leave the country with his wife, Eva, and their 2 daughters, Ulla, then 12, and Marion, 8. He...

  7. Honor Cross of the World War 1914/1918 non-combatant veteran service medal awarded to a German Jewish soldier

    1. Marion Freyer Wolff collection

    WWI service medal, known as the Hindenburg Cross, awarded to Leo Freyer, a German Jewish veteran of the Austro-Hungarian Army, World War I. The medal was established by President von Hindenburg in July 1934 to honor German participants of the Great War. Individuals had to apply to the government to receive the medal. This versions of the medal, without crossed swords, was awarded to noncombatants. It was the only medal issued by the Third Reich to honor veterans of that war. As the Nazi dictatorship increased its persecution of Jews after coming to power in 1933, Leo decided to leave the co...

  8. Pencil portrait of a former Jewish Polish hidden child done in DP camp

    1. Barbara Schechter Cohen family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn86019
    • English
    • overall: Height: 11.500 inches (29.21 cm) | Width: 11.875 inches (30.163 cm) pictorial area: Height: 9.875 inches (25.083 cm) | Width: 8.250 inches (20.955 cm)

    Llifelike pencil portrait of 4 year old Basha Schaechter done in 1946 when she lived in Stuttgart displaced persons camp with her parents, Filip and Janina. Basha was born in September 1941 in Bukaczowce, Poland, where her parents were living under false papers as Christians, Frank and Janina Rogalski. Just before Basha's birth, the village, which was in Soviet territory, was occupied by German troops. The family fled to a village near Krakow. Around summer 1942, their landlord said he knew they were Jewish, and that he would not report them, but they must leave. They decided it was safer t...

  9. Child's blue striped sweater vest worn by a former hidden child on her arrival to the US

    1. Barbara Schechter Cohen family collection

    Blue striped knit vest worn by 4 year old Basha Schaechter when she arrived in New York in May 1946 on the SS Marine Flasher. Basha was born in September 1941 to Filip and Janina, who were living under false papers as Christians, Frank and Janina Rogalski. Just before Basha's birth, the village, which was in Soviet territory, was occupied by German troops. The family fled to a village near Krakow. Around summer 1942, their landlord said he knew they were Jewish, and that he would not report them, but they must leave. They decided it was safer to separate, since Jean and Basha, both blue-eye...

  10. Cutting nippers used by a Polish Jewish refugee conscripted as a shoemaker by the Soviet Army

    1. Simon Gelbart collection

    Cutting nippers used by Simon Gelbart, who was conscripted into the Soviet Army from 1943-1945 because of his shoemaking skills. Simon was a master shoemaker and kept his shoemaking kit with him all through the war. After Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, Simon kept moving his family, his wife, Sara, and sons David, 9, and Haim, 5, east to escape persecution. Soon after they reached Soviet territory, the family was arrested and sent to Siberian Labor Camp #70, where a daughter was born. When Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, they were released. Due to a bombing raid on ...

  11. Black velvet tefillin pouch embroidered BG rescued after Kristallnacht and recovered postwar

    1. Bernhard Groeschel collection

    Tefillin storage pouch used by Bernhard Groeschel. It is embroidered with his initials. During the Kristallnacht pogrom on November 9-10, 1938, the pouch was thrown out of the window of his home in Forchheim, Germany, near Nuremberg. A neighbor saved the bag and returned it to Bernhard’s wife, Rose, after the war. Tefillin are used by Jewish males during morning prayers. Bernhard was imprisoned in Dachau concentration camp and released in December. In March 1939, Bernhard and Rose sent their 14 year old daughter, Irmgard, on a kindertransport to Basel, Switzerland. After war broke out in Se...

  12. Pair of batim from a set of tefillin rescued after Kristallnacht and recovered postwar

    1. Bernhard Groeschel collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn522430
    • English
    • a: Height: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm) | Width: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) b: Height: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Width: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Depth: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm)

    Two batim from a pair of tefillin used by Bernhard Groeschel. During the Kristallnacht pogrom on November 9-10, 1938, the tefillin were thrown out of the window of his home in Forchheim, Germany. A neighbor saved only the batim and returned them to Bernhard’s wife, Rose, after the war. Tefillin are used by Jewish males during morning prayers. Bernhard was imprisoned in Dachau concentration camp and released in December. In March 1939, Bernhard and Rose sent their 14 year old daughter, Irmgard, on a kindertransport to Basel, Switzerland. After war broke out in September 1939, Bernhard and Ro...

  13. Paste-up for the cover of Die Jugend-herberg created by a German Jewish female designer

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Paste-up created by Nelly Rossmann for the cover of Die Jugend-herberge (The Youth Hostel), year 10, volume 10, a German youth magazine specializing in the outdoors. A paste-up or mechanical was a camera ready copy of a design prepared for photographing to make a printing plate. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree th...

  14. Advertising paste-up for a Renaissance exhibition by a German Jewish female designer

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Paste-up for newspaper advertisement for Das Goldene Augsburg Renaissance Ausstellung (Renaissance Exhibition) in Augsburg, Germany, created by Nelly Rossmann in Frankfurt around 1930. A paste-up or mechanical was a camera ready copy of a design prepared for photographing to make a printing plate. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired...

  15. Newspaper ad paste-up for a circus by a German Jewish female designer

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Paste-up for a newspaper advertisement for a Zirkus (circus) with a photograph of lions created by Nelly Rossmann in Frankfurt around 1930. A paste-up or mechanical was a camera ready copy of a design prepared for photographing to make a printing plate. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in ...

  16. Newspaper ad paste-up for the Muller Circus by a German Jewish female designer

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Paste-up for a newspaper advertisement for the Muller Circus featuring an elephant created by Nelly Rossmann in Frankfurt around 1930. A paste-up or mechanical was a camera ready copy of a design prepared for photographing to make a printing plate. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in publi...

  17. Red leather sketchbook used by a German Jewish female designer

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Sketchbook used by 18 year old Nelly Schwabacher Germany in 1917-18. It is filled with pencil and ink sketches, mostly of everyday items and people. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Germany became a police state and anti-Jewish legislation was enacted. Nelly was a Quaker, but had been born Jewish. In 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in publishing. After the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938, her parents left for England, but Nelly ...

  18. Illustrated handmade book made as a birthday tribute for a friend of the artist

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Illustrated handmade book created by Nelly Rossmann as a birthday tribute for a 70-year-old friend. Each page has a drawing with a handwritten poem. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in publishing. Nelly taught children crafts to support her 5 year old son, Michael. After the Kristallnacht ...

  19. Pencil sketch of stairs for an open gate in a wall by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Gesture drawing of a staircase leading to an open gate drawn by Nelly Rossmann. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in publishing. Nelly taught children crafts to support her 5 year old son, Michael. After the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938, her parents left for England, but Nelly stil...

  20. Drawing of a house in the Rothschild Gardens in Frankfurt by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Ink drawing of a house and patio in the Rothschild Gardens in Frankfurt am Main by Nelly Rossmann. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in publishing. Nelly taught children crafts to support her 5 year old son, Michael. After the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938, her parents left for Engl...