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Displaying items 3,701 to 3,720 of 6,679
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Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. Honor Cross of the World War 1914/1918 buttonhole double ribbon bar with swords awarded to Jewish soldier

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    German buttonhole ribbon bar with crossed swords and two ribbons awarded to Carl Werner Lenneberg, a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army, during the First World War. The top ribbon is the Honor Cross 1914-1918 and the bottom ribbon is the Commemorative Medal for World War I. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, and sent to Dachau concentration camp. After release, they ...

  2. Honor Cross of the World War 1914/1918 ribbon awarded to a German Jewish soldier

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    Striped ribbon of the Das Ehrenkreuz des Weltkriegs 1914 1918 [The Honor Cross of World War 1914/1918) awarded to Carl Werner Lenneberg for serving in combat in the German Army during the First World War. The award was established by President Paul von Hindenburg, on July 13, 1934. This was the first official WWI service medal of the Third Reich, often referred to by an unofficial name, Hindenburg Cross. Hindenburg, Field Marshal of German forces during WWI, appointed Hitler as Chancellor in January 1933, and soon a Nazi dictatorship ruled the country. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly ...

  3. WW I 8th Artillery gold shoulder board with cannons owned by German Jewish soldier

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    Single German WWI 8th Artillery gold shoulder strap with crossed flaming cannons and numeral 8 owned by Carl Werner Lenneberg, a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army, during the First World War. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, and sent to Dachau concentration camp. After release, they left Germany on the ill-fated voyage of the MS St. Louis to Havana, Cuba, May 13-J...

  4. Remscheid 500 million mark note, saved by German Jewish refugee

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    Remscheid District, Germany 500 million mark note saved by Carl Werner Lenneberg. This note was emergency currency, valid for one year, 1923-1924, issued by the local government in Remscheid during the period of hyperinflation that threatened the stability of the country. Inflation was unstoppable: in 1919, there were 47 marks to a dollar; in 1922, it went from 1000 to 7000; in 1923, from 17,000 to 4,200,000,000,000. Lenneberg was a decorated World War I veteran originally from Remscheid. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh res...

  5. Evacuation of the Hohne camp and Glyn Hughes hospital

    Includes letters, memoranda, and minutes of meetings written between November 1949 and May 1950 relating to the evacuation of Jewish displaced persons from the Hohne camp near Bergen-Belsen and the Glyn Hughes hospital. Also included is a July 16, 1948, memorandum written by Josef Rosensaft concerning the growth of antisemitism in the British zone of Germany.

  6. John and Margot Loewenberg papers

    1. Margot Stern Loewenberg collection

    The John and Margot Loewenberg papers contain documents from the separate journeys of Margot Stern and John Loewenberg, prior to their marriage. The documents pertaining to Margot include a name and luggage tag from her travel aboard the Kindertransport, visa requests, and an identity card issued to her while she was living in England. The documents pertaining to John include personal correspondence and letters sent through the Red Cross, inquiries made towards his family and property after the war, two photographs, and a postcard of the ship he sailed on when he immigrated to the United St...

  7. Brown leather pouch brought with a Jewish Hungarian refugee

    1. Paul Zilczer family collection

    Brown leather pouch brought with Paul Zilczer when he left Budapest, Hungary, for the United States, in May 1939. Paul, a physicist, and his wife Margit lived in Budapest, when in 1938, the fascist Hungarian government passed laws restricting the rights of Jews. In 1939, Paul and Margit both traveled to England. On May 17, Paul sailed to New York City where he lived with his cousin Emil and his family. Margit returned to Budapest. In November 1940, Hungary entered World War II as a German ally. In March 1944, Germany invaded Hungary to ensure Hungary's continued involvement with the war eff...

  8. Helen Kulka Fanta collection

    The Helen Kulka Fanta collection contains material related to Helen Kulka Fanta, a Jewish secretary from Prague who was deported to Theresienstadt by the German authorities in 1942. She was later imprisoned at Auschwitz, Neuengamme, and Bergen-Belsen before being liberated in 1945. The collection consists primarily of identification forms, references, and other forms of verification documenting Helen Kulka as a refugee and concentration camp survivor. A diary written during her time at Bergen-Belsen is included as well. Other material includes poems collected and written, notes, and music s...

  9. Personalized desk set on a marble base used by the director of the Vaad Hatzala Emergency Committee in postwar Germany

    1. Nathan Baruch collection

    Desk set with penholders and plaque used by Rabbi Nathan Baruch when he was the director of the Vaad Hatzala Rescue Organization in Germany from September 1946 - September 1949. Vaad Hatzala was originally established to rescue Polish rabbis and yeshiva students who escaped to Lithuania at the start of World War II in 1939. It expanded to include assistance to all Jews. Rabbi Baruch was responsible for the reestablishment of Jewish religious life in post war Europe. He supervised the creation and distribution of religious texts and items to displaced persons camps as well as Jewish communit...

  10. Official rectangular address stamp, Director of the Vaad Hatzala Emergency Committee postwar

    1. Nathan Baruch collection

    Rectangular, rubber identification stamp used by Rabbi Nathan Baruch when he was the director of the Vaad Hatzala Rescue Organization in Germany from September 1946 - September 1949. Vaad Hatzala was originally established to rescue Polish rabbis and yeshiva students who escaped to Lithuania at the start of World War II in 1939. It expanded to include assistance to all Jews. Rabbi Baruch was responsible for the reestablishment of Jewish religious life in post war Europe. He supervised the creation and distribution of religious texts and items to displaced persons camps as well as to Jewish ...

  11. Official rubber stamp with Hebrew text, Director of the Vaad Hatzala Emergency Committee postwar

    1. Nathan Baruch collection

    Round rubber stamp used by Rabbi Nathan Baruch when he was the director of the Vaad Hatzala Rescue Organization in Germany from September 1946 - September 1949. Vaad Hatzala was originally established to rescue Polish rabbis and yeshiva students who escaped to Lithuania at the start of World War II in 1939. It expanded to include assistance to all Jews. Rabbi Baruch was responsible for the reestablishment of Jewish religious life in post war Europe. He supervised the creation and distribution of religious texts and items to displaced persons camps as well as to Jewish communities worldwide....

  12. Wooden rubber stamp handle used by the director of the Vaad Hatzala Emergency Committee in postwar Germany

    1. Nathan Baruch collection

    Wooden rubber stamp handle used by Rabbi Nathan Baruch when he was the director of the Vaad Hatzala Rescue Organization in Germany from September 1946 - September 1949. Vaad Hatzala was originally established to rescue Polish rabbis and yeshiva students who escaped to Lithuania at the start of World War II in 1939. It expanded to include assistance to all Jews. Rabbi Baruch was responsible for the reestablishment of Jewish religious life in post war Europe. He supervised the creation and distribution of religious texts and items to displaced persons camps as well as to Jewish communities wo...

  13. Engraved brass wall nameplate for the director of the Vaad Hatzala Emergency Committee in postwar Germany

    1. Nathan Baruch collection

    Office wall plaque used by Rabbi Nathan Baruch when he was the director of the Vaad Hatzala Rescue Organization in Germany from September 1946 - September 1949. Vaad Hatzala was originally established to rescue Polish rabbis and yeshiva students who escaped to Lithuania at the start of World War II in 1939. It expanded to include assistance to all Jews. Rabbi Baruch was responsible for the reestablishment of Jewish religious life in post war Europe. He supervised the creation and distribution of religious texts and items to displaced persons camps as well as to Jewish communities worldwide....

  14. U.S. army issue khaki cap worn by the director of the Vaad Hatzala Emergency Committee in postwar Germany

    1. Nathan Baruch collection

    Cap worn by Rabbi Nathan Baruch when he was the director of the Vaad Hatzala Rescue Organization in Germany from September 1946 - September 1949. Vaad Hatzala was originally established to rescue Polish rabbis and yeshiva students who escaped to Lithuania at the start of World War II in 1939. It expanded to include assistance to all Jews. Rabbi Baruch was responsible for the reestablishment of Jewish religious life in post war Europe. He supervised the creation and distribution of religious texts and items to displaced persons camps as well as Jewish communities worldwide. Rabbi Baruch, wor...

  15. Theodore and Martha Burian papers

    The Theodore and Martha Burian papers contain primarily identification documents, which the family used for verification purposes as they immigrated to the United States. Contained in the collections are birth and marriage certificates, citizenship papers, passports, and police registration documents. Also included are boarding passes for the Nyassa passenger ship, and residency certificates for the town of Pohořelice in the Czech Republic.

  16. Majerowicz family papers

    The Majerowicz family papers contain documents primarily relating to Arthur and Marie Majerowicz, and their son Kurt. The documents pertaining to Arthur and Marie are mainly identification documents, such as birth, death, and marriage certificates, Arthur’s employment and education history, immigration documents and membership cards. The items relating to Kurt come from his time while interned at Westerbork, and include birthday and postcards he sent to family members, a letter giving power of attorney to his father, and information requests concerning Kurt’s death at Buchenwald. Other docu...

  17. Hans Oppenheimer letter

    The Hans Oppenheimer letter is a letter written by Hans Oppenheimer (1901-1945), a German Jewish bank official who was detained in Westerbork transit camp and later perished in Bergen-Belsen. The collection is comprised of a single letter written by Hans from Westerbork in 1943 to Dr. K. Prager, a non-Jewish friend and business associate in Amsterdam. In the letter, Hans discusses his wife and children and a little about life in the camp.

  18. Ernest R. Stiefel papers

    The Ernest R. Stiefel papers include photocopies of emigration and expropriation documents, Jüdische Kultusvereinigung and Jüdischer Kulturbund documents, and personal narratives describing the Nazi persecution of the Stiefel family from Frankfurt am Main; German and international barriers to German emigration; and the confiscation of money, property, and possessions of family members who emigrated from Germany and of those who stayed behind. Emigration and expropriation documents consist of photocopies of original materials documenting the processes the Nazis used to confiscate money and p...

  19. Mayer, Bierig, and Ehrmann families papers

    1. Mayer, Bierig, and Ehrmann families collection

    The Mayer, Bierig, and Ehrmann families papers consist of biographical materials and correspondence documenting the family’s lives in Nazi Germany, emigration to England, deportation to France, and immigration to the United States. Biographical materials include identification papers; birth, registration, marriage, and death certificates; education, training, and employment records; emigration and immigration records; ration books; and a family tree documenting the lives of the Bierig, Ehrmann, and Mayer families in Germany and their departures for England and the United States. They also i...

  20. Max and Shari Bronner papers

    The Max and Shari Bronner papers consist of biographical materials, correspondence, and immigration files documenting Max Bronner’s successful efforts to bring Shari Bronner to the United States from Nuremberg via France and his unsuccessful efforts to bring his parents to the United States from Nuremberg via Palestine, Mexico, Cuba, or the Dominican Republic and to bring relatives Frieda Eichenbronner, Maximillian Schaefer, and Simon and Gertrude Einhorn to the United States. Biographical materials include Max Bronner’s birth certificate, driver’s license, French identification document, G...