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Displaying items 2,121 to 2,140 of 6,679
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Holding Institution: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

  1. Julius Kühl collection

    The Julius Kühl collection consists of photocopies of documents relating to the life and career of Dr. Julius Kühl, a diplomat employed at the Polish embassy in Bern during the War and, his assistance to hundreds of Jews fleeing Nazi tyranny. Records include general correspondence, telegrams, articles and clippings, reports and pamphlets, miscellaneous reports, Professor Penkower’s interview with Dr. Reuben Hecht, a Treblinka report, and Dr. Kühl’s autobiographical report. General correspondence relates principally to Julius Kühl's wartime service at the Polish embassy in Bern, and his effo...

  2. Interior of the Wacs' home in Shanghai

    1. Ilie Wacs collection

    Drawing by 18 year old Ilie Wacs of the room and window next to his father’s workspace in Shanghai, China, where he sat and sketched the activities on the street below. Ilie’s family left Vienna for Shanghai soon after Kristallnacht in November, 1938. Nazi Germany had annexed Austria in March 1938 and the persecution of Jews was increasingly violent. In 1943, the Japanese, who controlled Shanghai, forced most Jewish refugees into ghettos. Conditions were very harsh, but Ilie’s family survived the war. With the assistance of the American Joint Distribution Committee, a Jewish aid organizatio...

  3. Makeshift stove in the Wacs' home in Shanghai

    1. Ilie Wacs collection

    Drawing by 17 year old Ilie Wacs of the cooking stove made with a flower pot, used in his family’s home in Shanghai, China. Ilie’s family left Vienna for Shanghai soon after Kristallnacht in November, 1938. Nazi Germany had annexed Austria in March 1938 and the persecution of Jews was increasingly violent. In 1943, the Japanese, who controlled Shanghai, forced most Jewish refugees into ghettos. Conditions were very harsh, but Ilie’s family survived the war. With the assistance of the American Joint Distribution Committee, a Jewish aid organization, Ilie received a scholarship to study art i...

  4. Street scene in Shanghai

    1. Ilie Wacs collection

    Drawing by 18 year old Ilie Wacs of the Shanghai street scene viewed from the window of his family’s apartment. Ilie’s family left Vienna for Shanghai soon after Kristallnacht in November, 1938. Nazi Germany had annexed Austria in March 1938 and the persecution of Jews was increasingly violent. In 1943, the Japanese, who controlled Shanghai, forced most Jewish refugees into ghettos. Conditions were very harsh, but Ilie’s family survived the war. With the assistance of the American Joint Distribution Committee, a Jewish aid organization, Ilie received a scholarship to study art in Paris.

  5. Man in overcoat carrying cane, drawn to illustrate pattern

    1. Ilie Wacs collection

    Drawing by 17 year old Ilie Wacs of a man modeling an overcoat, based on the tailoring patterns of his father, Moritz. Ilie’s family left Vienna for Shanghai soon after Kristallnacht in November, 1938. Nazi Germany had annexed Austria in March 1938 and the persecution of Jews was increasingly violent. In 1943, the Japanese, who controlled Shanghai, forced most Jewish refugees into ghettos. Conditions were very harsh, but Ilie’s family survived the war. With the assistance of the American Joint Distribution Committee, a Jewish aid organization, Ilie received a scholarship to study art in Paris.

  6. Man in 2-breasted suit carrying newspaper, drawn to illustrate pattern

    1. Ilie Wacs collection

    Drawing by 17 year old Ilie Wacs of a man modeling a suit, based on the tailoring patterns of his father, Moritz. Ilie’s family left Vienna for Shanghai soon after Kristallnacht in November, 1938. Nazi Germany had annexed Austria in March 1938 and the persecution of Jews was increasingly violent. In 1943, the Japanese, who controlled Shanghai, forced most Jewish refugees into ghettos. Conditions were very harsh, but Ilie’s family survived the war. With the assistance of the American Joint Distribution Committee, a Jewish aid organization, Ilie received a scholarship to study art in Paris.

  7. Man in a 3-button suit, drawn to illustrate pattern

    1. Ilie Wacs collection

    Drawing by 17 year old Ilie Wacs of a man modeling a 3-button suit, based on the tailoring pattern of his father, Moritz. Ilie’s family left Vienna for Shanghai soon after Kristallnacht in November, 1938. Nazi Germany had annexed Austria in March 1938 and the persecution of Jews was increasingly violent. In 1943, the Japanese, who controlled Shanghai, forced most Jewish refugees into ghettos. Conditions were very harsh, but Ilie’s family survived the war. With the assistance of the American Joint Distribution Committee, a Jewish aid organization, Ilie received a scholarship to study art in ...

  8. Frank Meissner papers

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    The Frank Meissner papers contain material related to Frank Meissner, a student and member of a Zionist youth group who fled Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic) and attended school in Denmark, Sweden, and England during World War II. The majority of the papers are correspondence from Frank’s parents, living in his hometown of Třešť, and later Theresienstadt concentration camp. In addition, the collection includes school, financial, and identification documents. The photographs in the collection are of Frank and his family, the town of Třešť, and various moments during his time as a student in E...

  9. Stamped black plastic dust comb owned by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Hanni Sondheimer Vogelweid family collection

    Lice comb kept by 17 year old Hanni Sondheimer when she and her family fled in February 1941. The comb was made at the plastics factory owned by her father in Kaunas. Hanni, her parents, Moritz and Setty, and her 14 year old brother, Karl, fled Kaunas, Lithuania, due to the Soviet occupation in 1940. They planned to emigrate to the United States, but visa restrictions made them take a difficult route through Russia to Japan. Classified as stateless refugees when they reached Japan in March 1941, they were deported to Shanghai where they survived the war in the Hongkew ghetto. Hanni married ...

  10. Black plastic dust comb owned by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Hanni Sondheimer Vogelweid family collection

    Lice comb kept by 17 year old Hanni Sondheimer when she and her family fled in February 1941. The comb was made at the plastics factory owned by her father in Kaunas. Hanni, her parents, Moritz and Setty, and her 14 year old brother, Karl, fled Kaunas, Lithuania, due to the Soviet occupation in 1940. They planned to emigrate to the United States, but visa restrictions made them take a difficult route through Russia to Japan. Classified as stateless refugees when they reached Japan in March 1941, they were deported to Shanghai where they survived the war in the Hongkew ghetto. Hanni married ...

  11. Wooden box with a painted Lithuanian folk scene with man given to a German Jewish refugee

    1. Hanni Sondheimer Vogelweid family collection

    Decorative box kept by 17 year old Hanni Sondheimer as a souvenir of Lithuania when she and her family fled that country in February 1941. Hanni, her parents, Moritz and Setty, and her 14 year old brother, Karl, fled Kaunas due to the Soviet occupation in 1940. They planned to emigrate to the United States, but visa restrictions made them take a difficult route through Russia to Japan. Classified as stateless refugees when they reached Japan in March 1941, they were deported to Shanghai where they survived the war in the Hongkew ghetto. Hanni married a US soldier and emigrated to the United...

  12. Wooden box painted with a woman in Lithuanian folk dress given to a German Jewish refugee

    1. Hanni Sondheimer Vogelweid family collection

    Decorative box kept by 17 year old Hanni Sondheimer as a souvenir of Lithuania when she and her family fled that country in February 1941. Hanni, her parents, Moritz and Setty, and her 14 year old brother, Karl, fled Kaunas due to the Soviet occupation in 1940. They planned to emigrate to the United States, but visa restrictions made them take a difficult route through Russia to Japan. Classified as stateless refugees when they reached Japan in March 1941, they were deported to Shanghai where they survived the war in the Hongkew ghetto. Hanni married a US soldier and emigrated to the United...

  13. Monogrammed black and tan laced leather wallet used by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Hanni Sondheimer Vogelweid family collection

    Leather billfold received by 17 year old Hanni Sondheimer when she and her family fled Kaunas, Lithuania, in February 1941. It has a scene of Kaunas on the front and was given to her by a friend shortly before her departure. Hanni, her parents, Moritz and Setty, and her 14 year old brother, Karl, fled Kaunas due to the Soviet occupation in 1940. They planned to emigrate to the United States, but visa restrictions made them take a difficult route through Russia to Japan. Classified as stateless refugees when they reached Japan in March 1941, they were deported to Shanghai where they survived...

  14. Leather pouch brought with Jewish refugee family

    1. Isidor and Fanny Bieder collection

    Small leather bag brought with the Bieder family, Isador and Fanny, and their daughters Gertrude, 10, and Frieda, 14, who were forced to leave Vienna, Austria, in 1939. After the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany in March 1938, anti-Jewish laws were passed and Jews were targeted for persecution. Germans raided the family’s apartment, taking most of their valuables. A short while later, Isidor’s retail business was confiscated. During Kristallnacht on November 9-10, 1938, Isidor was arrested and beaten. As a condition of his release from prison, he agreed to leave Austria with his family...

  15. August Bohny-Reiter papers Nachlass August Bohny-Reiter (1919-2016)

    Private papers of August Bohny-Reiter (1919-2016), a refugee aid worker and teacher. The collection consists of Bohny-Reiter biographical materials: photographs, records of civilian and military service, honors,and a diploma from Yad Vashem (1990); reports, correspondence, clippings, articles, publications and photographs relating to aid to refugees and refugee children in France and Switzerland, the founding of the Pestalozzi Children's Village, and cooperation with the Red Cross.

  16. Elbe river crossing; Woebbelin after liberation; POW camp

    Field camp of German anti-aircraft soldiers. Title card: “Forced labor camp of Poles, Russians and French" Low brick buildings of unidentified forced labor camp. Men, women and children dressed in civilian clothes, daily activities. Title card: “Just married this morning! I just missed it. Romance blossoms under any conditions it seems”. Social gathering in town center. Title card: “The Germany of the future…I hope!” People tilling soil on farm with cow pulling plow. “Note primitive wood plow” Walking along road - soldiers in uniform along with women and men in civilian clothes, all smiling...

  17. Lavoslav Schick (Šik) collection

    Personal papers of Lavoslav Schick (Šik). The collection consists of several hundred of his manuscripts, articles, speeches, reports, and extensive correspondence with individuals and organizations throughout Europe. Lavoslav Schick was a prominent Zagreb lawyer, killed in the Jasenovac concentration camp. He was a Zionist, but of the kind who did not wish to actually leave for Palestine themselves, and a well-known public figure in Zagreb’s inter-war period. Zagreb’s Jewish history cannot be told without talking or examining of his work.

  18. Broadside from Tel-Aviv announcing closures to mourn the sinking of the refugee ship "Struma"

    Broadside issued by the Municipal Corporation of Tel-Aviv and mayor, Israel Rokach, announcing closures and a day of mourning in response to the sinking of the refugee ship, Strumah, in the Black Sea off of Istanbul, Turkey, in February 1942. The Strumah (Struma) was an illegal immigrant ship that left Constanta, Romania, on December 12, 1941, with 767 Jewish refugees fleeing policies enacted by the German-allied, Romanian government. The ship was headed for Istanbul, where the passengers hoped to get visas to enter Palestine (now Israel). The old cargo barge was unsafe and overcrowded. The...

  19. Minutes of the Commission of Spain Procès-verbaux de la Commission d'Espagne (B CR 212 PV)

    Records related to the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939. After the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) formed the so-called Commission d'Espagne (Commission of Spain) on August 26, 1936 which directed and coordinated all of the ICRC's humanitarian activities and operations within both the Republican and Nationalist territories. The collection covers the ICRC's humanitarian activities in Spain and consists of correspondence, reports and minutes of the Commission. Contains documentation on military and civilian prisoners, visits to the internment...

  20. Koranyi family papers

    The Koranyi family papers include a postcard, two Swedish protective documents, a photograph, and a photocopied clipping documenting the survival of Zsigmond (Sigmund), Sara, and Marta Koranyi in Budapest during the Holocaust. Marta’s friend Gabrielle (Gabi) sent her the postcard in June 1944 from a sealed deportation train destined for Auschwitz, where Gabi was killed. A rough English translation of the Hungarian postcard reads, “My little Martha, Since the morning we have been standing with our packings, we don’t know where we are going. Think of us, Many Kisses, Giza. Please send a card ...