Railroad rails, fishplates, bolts, nuts, and washers from railroad tracks leading to Treblinka death camp
Extent and Medium
overall: Height: 5.000 inches (12.7 cm) | Width: 4.125 inches (10.478 cm) | Depth: 853.000 inches (2166.62 cm)
a-b: Height: 5.000 inches (12.7 cm) | Width: 4.125 inches (10.478 cm) | Depth: 853.000 inches (2166.62 cm)
c: Height: 5.000 inches (12.7 cm) | Width: 3.750 inches (9.525 cm) | Depth: 57.750 inches (146.685 cm)
d: Height: 5.000 inches (12.7 cm) | Width: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm) | Depth: 55.500 inches (140.97 cm)
e: Height: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Width: 21.125 inches (53.658 cm) | Depth: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm)
f: Height: 5.625 inches (14.288 cm) | Width: 22.375 inches (56.833 cm) | Depth: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm)
g: Height: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Width: 22.625 inches (57.468 cm) | Depth: 2.875 inches (7.303 cm)
h: Height: 5.625 inches (14.288 cm) | Width: 22.625 inches (57.468 cm) | Depth: 2.625 inches (6.668 cm)
i: Height: 5.875 inches (14.923 cm) | Width: 23.125 inches (58.738 cm) | Depth: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm)
j: Height: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Width: 23.375 inches (59.373 cm) | Depth: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm)
k: Height: 5.875 inches (14.923 cm) | Width: 23.375 inches (59.373 cm) | Depth: 2.875 inches (7.303 cm)
l: Height: 5.750 inches (14.605 cm) | Width: 27.000 inches (68.58 cm) | Depth: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm)
m: Height: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Width: 20.000 inches (50.8 cm) | Depth: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm)
n: Height: 3.250 inches (8.255 cm) | Width: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Depth: 27.125 inches (68.898 cm)
o: Height: 3.325 inches (8.446 cm) | Width: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) | Depth: 27.250 inches (69.215 cm)
p: Height: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Width: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Depth: 27.125 inches (68.898 cm)
q: Height: 3.375 inches (8.573 cm) | Width: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Depth: 27.125 inches (68.898 cm)
r, t, aa, ai: Height: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm)
s, y, ab, af, ah: Height: 5.000 inches (12.7 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm)
u, v, w, x, z, ac, ad, ae, ag, aj: Height: 5.250 inches (13.335 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm)
ak: Height: 6.250 inches (15.875 cm) | Width: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) | Depth: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm)
al-ao: Height: 5.250 inches (13.335 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm)
ap-as: Height: 5.250 inches (13.335 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm)
at: Height: 6.500 inches (16.51 cm) | Width: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Depth: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm)
au: Height: 5.250 inches (13.335 cm) | Width: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Depth: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm)
av-ax: Height: 4.625 inches (11.748 cm) | Diameter: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm)
ay: Height: 7.625 inches (19.368 cm) | Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Depth: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm)
az: Height: 8.000 inches (20.32 cm) | Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Depth: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)
ba: Height: 8.125 inches (20.638 cm) | Width: 3.000 inches (7.62 cm) | Depth: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm)
bb-bd: Height: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Width: 3.000 inches (7.62 cm) | Depth: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm)
be-bq: Height: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm) | Diameter: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)
br-bt: Height: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm) | Diameter: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm)
bu-bv: Height: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Diameter: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)
bw-cj: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Diameter: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)
ck-cs: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Depth: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)
ct: Height: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Depth: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)
cu-cv: Height: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Width: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Depth: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm)
cw, cx: Height: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Width: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm) | Depth: 2.625 inches (6.668 cm)
Creator(s)
- Hörder Bergwerks und Hütten-Verein (Manufacturer)
- Friedenshütte Schlesische Berg und Hüttenwerke A.G. (Manufacturer)
- Georgsmarienhütte GmbH (Manufacturer)
Biographical History
Hörder Bergwerks und Hütten-Verein (HB & HV) was a mining and metallurgical company located in Dortmund, Germany. The company began producing iron products such as railroad rails and rail car wheels in the mid-1800s. In 1926, facing pressure from competitors and a stagnant economy, HB & HV merged with several German metallurgical and industrial companies to form Vereinigte Stahlwerke, which became the largest association of industrial firms in Germany. The new conglomerate’s Chairman of the Board was Fritz Thyssen, a prominent German industrialist and a major financial backer of Adolf Hitler’s rise to power. The company also exploited female slave laborers from the Buchenwald subcamp at Dortmund. They were forced to work from 6:00 AM to 6:00PM, regardless of their health.
Archival History
The railroad rails and accessories were donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1991 by the Chief Commission for Investigating Nazi Crimes in Poland, Institute of National Remembrance.
Acquisition
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, Gift of the Institute of National Remembrance
Scope and Content
Railroad rails and components from railroad tracks that led to Treblinka killing center in German-occupied Poland. The individual rail segments were connected end to end with fasteners called fishplates (joint bars), which were bolted to internal holes in the rails to secure the tracks together and keep them from moving as trains passed over them. During the Holocaust, the Nazis used the European rail network to transport their victims into the camp system, and eventually to killing centers in German-occupied Poland. Deportation trains were ordered by telegram or telex, and gave the amount and type of cars needed. The actual trains were compiled at the stations from the cars available there. Before each transport left, the railway guard listed all cars by their identification numbers. Few of these lists survived, as they were not kept after a train had reached its destination. Jewish prisoners were packed into railcars, approximately eighty people per car, and were denied food and water. Many deportees died before the trains reached their destinations. Armed guards shot anyone trying to escape. Incoming trains bound for Treblinka first stopped at the Malkinia station. Twenty cars at a time were detached from the train and brought into the killing center. There, the victims were told they had arrived at a transit camp, ordered to disembark, and instructed to hand over their valuables. Between 870,000 and 925,000 Jews were killed at Treblinka, most of them delivered by train.
Conditions Governing Access
No restrictions on access
Conditions Governing Reproduction
No restrictions on use
Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements
a-b: Long section of flat bottom, steel railroad track. The track is T-shaped, with a wide, flat, base that tapers sharply inward to form the web, the narrow center section of the rail, then rises up and widens into the head, a rectangular-shaped block with rounded corners. Two small, circular holes for bolts are located in the center of the web on the back side. The metal is rust-colored and there is embossed text along the sides. c: Small section of flat bottom, steel railroad track that has been cut from a larger piece. The track is T-shaped, with a wide, flat, base that tapers sharply inward to form the web, which is the narrow center section of the rail. The web then rises up and then widens into the head, a rectangular-shaped block with rounded corners. Two small, circular holes for bolts are located in the center of the web on the back side. The metal is rust-colored and there is embossed text on the outside. One of the ends has been cut and the silver colored metal is visible. d: Small section of flat bottom, steel railroad track that has been cut from a larger piece. The track is T-shaped, with a wide, flat, base that tapers sharply inward to form the web, which is the narrow center section of the rail. The web then rises up and then widens into the head, a rectangular-shaped block with rounded corners. Two small, circular holes for bolts are located in the center of the web on the back side. The metal is rust-colored and there are embossed numbers on the outside. One of the ends has been cut and the silver-colored metal is visible. e: Steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced oval holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat. The center of the bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf and then extends down again while the outside edges taper in. The surface is rough and coarse from use, with rust and specks of oxidation throughout. The front has a small circular depression where the metal has broken off, leaving a circular rust spot in in the upper center. f: Steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced oval holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat. The center of the bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf and then extends down again while the outside edges taper in. The surface is rough and coarse from use, with rust and specks of oxidation throughout. g: Steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced oval holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat. The center of the bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf and then extends down again while the outside edges taper in. The surface is rough and coarse from use, with rust and specks of oxidation throughout. The front has a small circular area where the metal has broken off, leaving a circular rust spot in the upper center. h: Steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced oval holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat. The center of the bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf and then extends down again while the outside edges taper in. The surface is rough and coarse from use, with rust and specks of oxidation throughout. The front has a white stain on front and excessive rust on the surface. i: Steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced circular holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat with a circular impression in the upper center. The center of the bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf and then extends down again while the outside edges taper in. The surface is rough and coarse from use with rust and specs of oxidation throughout. j: Steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced circular holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat with a circular impression in the upper center. The center of the bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf and then extends down again while the outside edges taper in. The surface is rough and coarse from use with rust and specs of oxidation throughout. k: Steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced oval holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat. The center of the bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf and then extends down again while the outside edges taper in. The surface is rough and coarse from use, with rust and specks of oxidation throughout. The back has a white stain above the right center circle. l: Steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced circular holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat. The bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf with a square-shaped cutout on either end. The center of the shelf then extends downward again while the outside edges taper in. The surface is rough and coarse from use with rust and specs of oxidation throughout. The front right side has raised, rough, imperfections in the metal. m: Rectangular steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced circular holes in the center. The backside has raised upper and lower edges. The front is flat and the piece has a slight bend in the center. The surface is rough and coarse with specks of oxidation and rust throughout. n: Right-angle-shaped steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced oval holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat. The bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf with a raised back edge and square-shaped cutouts on either end. The surface is rough and coarse from use with specks of oxidation and rust throughout. o: Right-angle-shaped steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced oval holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat. The bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf with a raised back edge and square-shaped cutouts on either end. The surface is rough and coarse from use with specks of oxidation and rust throughout. p: Right-angle-shaped steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced circular holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat. The bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf with a raised back edge and square-shaped cutouts on either end. The surface is rough and coarse from use with specks of oxidation and rust throughout. q: Right-angle-shaped steel joint bar (fishplate) formed from a solid piece of rectangular, rust-colored metal with four, evenly spaced circular holes in the center. The back has rounded, raised, upper and lower edges and the front side is long and flat. The bottom edge extends out at a right angle from the main section, forming a narrow shelf with a raised edge and square-shaped cutouts on either end. The left side of the shelf has broken off. The surface is rough and coarse from use with specks of oxidation and rust throughout. r: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The top threads are worn down, and a rounded groove has been worn into the surface of the shank above the threads. s: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins near the bottom of the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. t: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. u: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. v: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The shank has a slight bend. w: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The uppermost threads are worn. x: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The uppermost threads are worn down nearly flat. y: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The shank has a slight bend. z: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. aa: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. A rounded groove has been worn into the surface of the shank above the threads, and the uppermost threads are worn down nearly flat. ab: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The uppermost threads are worn and the head’s lower edge has a raised lip. ac: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. There is a small, embossed curved line on the head of the bolt, above the number. The shank has a slight bend. ad: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The upper threads are worn nearly flat. ae: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The uppermost threads are worn. af: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The uppermost threads are worn. ag: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. ah: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The uppermost threads are worn. The top of the head has two embossed circular shapes. ai: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The threads are significantly worn and the top of the head has an embossed circular shape. aj: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a convex top. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The shank is slightly bent. ak: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a rounded top. The neck under the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The bolt has a large six sided nut screwed on the last few threads. The top of the nut has a small lip and a round, flat top. A large spring lock washer rests loosely around the shank. The rusty surfaces of the bolt, nut, and washer are all rough and coarse. al-an: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a flat top. The bottom edge of the head has a small lip. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. ao: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a flat top. The bottom edge of head has a small lip. The neck below the head is oval shaped with a cylindrical shank below. The threading begins half way down the shank and continues to the end of the bolt. The surface of the rusty bolt is rough and coarse, and there is a worn groove below the oval section of the shank. ap: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a flat top. The bolt has a cylindrical shank with threading that begins half way down and continues to the end. The rusty surface is rough and coarse with a white substance on the shaft. aq: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a flat top. The bolt has a cylindrical shank with threading that begins half way down and continues to the end. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. The bottom edge of the head has a small raised lip. ar: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a flat top. The bolt has a cylindrical shank with threading that begins half way down and continues to the end. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. as: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a flat top. The bolt has a cylindrical shank with threading that begins half way down and continues to the end. The rusty surface is rough and coarse and the top of the head has a loss. at: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a square-shaped head with a flat top. The bolt has a cylindrical shank with threading that begins half way down and continues to the end. A large six-sided nut is screwed on the bottom threads. The top of the nut is flat, and the bottom is slightly rounded. The rusty surfaces of the bolt and nut are rough and coarse. au: Large, threaded, rust-colored, metal bolt with a teardrop shaped head with a rounded top. The bolt has a cylindrical shank with threading that begins half way down and continues to the end. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. av-ax: Large, rust-colored metal button head oval neck track bolt (or fish bolt). The bolt has a circular, domed head with an oval neck and a cylindrical shank with threading that begins half way down and continues to the end. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. ay : Large, long, rust-colored bolt with a square-shaped head with a flat top. A long, cylindrical shank extends down and threading begins near the bottom of the shank and continues to the end. Near the beginning of the threading, the shaft is bent in a 45-degree angle. The rusty surface is very rough and coarse. az: Large, long, rust-colored bolt with a square-shaped head with a flat top. A long, cylindrical shank extends down and threading begins near the bottom of the shank and continues to the end. The rusty surface is very rough and coarse. ba: Large, long, rust-colored bolt with a square-shaped head with a flat top. A long, cylindrical shank extends down with threading beginning near the bottom of the shank and continuing to the end. Loosely hanging on the shank are two rust-colored metal rail clamps and threaded at the bottom is a large six sided nut. The nut has a flat bottom and a circular flat top. The clamps are U-shaped, have flat bottoms with a large, round hole and thick sides that taper in slightly to a rolled edge. The two clamps face opposite directions. The rusty surfaces of the bolt, nut, and clamps are rough and coarse. bb-bd: Wide, U-shaped metal clamp that has a flat bottom with a raised edge on the right side. The sides taper in slightly as they rise up and come to a rounded edge. There is a circular hole in the center. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. be-bq: Round, metal, spring lock washer made from 0.625 inch wide metal. The metal is curved in a helical shape and makes just under two circular revolutions around a large, central hole. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. br-bt: Round, metal, spring lock washer made from 0.500 inch wide metal. The metal is curved in a helical shape and makes just under two circular revolutions around a large, central hole. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. bu-bv: Round, metal, spring lock washer made from 0.375 inch wide metal. The metal is curved in a helical shape and makes just over one circular revolution around a large, central hole. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. bw-cj: Large, six-sided, metal nut with a flat top and a flat bottom surface with a round lip. The nut has a large, threaded, central hole and is rust colored with a rough and coarse surface. ck-cv: Large, six-sided, metal nut with a flat bottom and top. The nut has a large, threaded, central hole and is rust colored with a rough and coarse surface. cw: Small, square-shaped, rust-colored, lower section of a flat bottom, steel railroad track that has been cut from a larger piece. The upper half of the track has been cut off just above the base and the web and head are missing. The bottom is flat with rounded sides and the top tapers up to a narrow top that has been cut off leaving a rigid, rough surface. The short ends have been cut, leaving a smooth silver colored surface. The rusty surface is rough and coarse. cx: Small, square-shaped, rust-colored, lower section of a flat bottom, steel railroad track that has been cut from a larger piece. The upper half of the track has been cut off just above the base and the web and head are missing. The bottom is flat with rounded sides and the top tapers up to a narrow top that has been cut off leaving a rigid, rough surface. One short end has been cut, leaving a smooth silver colored surface. The rusty surface is rough and coarse.
a: outside, handwritten, pink chalk : A10412 (oh 9)
Corporate Bodies
Subjects
- Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Deportations.
- Poland--History--Occupation, 1939-1945.
- World War, 1939-1945--Concentration camps.
- Railroad rails--Europe.
- Georgsmarienhütte (Germany)
- Rail fastenings.
- Washers (Fasteners)
- Dortmund (Germany)
- Katowice (Poland)
- World War, 1939-1945--Transportation--Poland.
- Bolts and nuts.
- Railroad tracks.
- Railroads--Buildings and structures.
- Treblinka (Poland)
Genre
- Object
- Equipment.
- Tools and Equipment