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Displaying items 1,081 to 1,100 of 1,270
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Item type: Archival Descriptions

  1. Tablespoon with scratched initials used by a German Jewish concentration camp inmate

    Stainless steel tablespoon with scratched initials used by Hans Finke while imprisoned in Auschwitz and several subcamps: Gleiwitz, Sachsenhausen, Flossenbürg, and Bergen Belsen. Hans carried the spoon, a crucial piece of property, in his shoe during transfers, including a death march, from March 1943 until liberation in Bergen-Belsen in April 1945. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship from 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, an electrician, was a slave laborer for Siemens when he was hospital...

  2. Tallit katan brought to England by a British soldier and Kindertransport refugee

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    Tallit katan belonging to Norbert Müller (later Norman Miller), a 15 year old German Jewish refugee who came to London, England in September 1939. A tallit katan is a religious garment worn by Jewish men and boys with their daily dress. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Norbert shared with his parents, Sebald and Laura, younger sister, Suse, and grandmother, Clara Jüngster, was ransacked by local men with axes. In late August 1939, Norbert, managed to leave Germany for London, with a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] two days prior to the st...

  3. Tallit owned by a German Jewish man

    1. Ilse and Horst (Harry) Abraham collection

    A tallit owned by a male member of Ilse Brilling or Horst Abraham’s family, and carried from Germany to Ecuador in the late 1930s. A tallit is a specialized shawl worn by Orthodox Jewish males during morning prayers. Following Adolf Hitler’s appointment as Chancellor of Germany in January 1933, anti-Jewish decrees and persecution made life in Germany increasingly difficult. Horst Abraham immigrated to Ecuador from Leipzig, Germany, in 1937, after hearing a rumor that he might be arrested. His parents, Nanette and David, and one of his two brothers, Kurt, joined him there later. In 1939, Ils...

  4. Tallit with Great Seal, Star of David and 10 commandments used by a US Army chaplain

    1. Rabbi Judah Nadich collection

    Tallit, or prayer shawl with embroidered insignia worn by Rabbi Judah Nadich for his work as a Jewish chaplain in the United States Army from 1942-1946. Designed per US Army regulations, the tallit has the US coat of arms above the Jewish chaplain's insignia: a Star of David and the tablets of law. Nadich arrived in Paris just after its liberation on August 24, 1944. He conducted the first religious service after liberation in the rue de la Victoire synagogue, and preached to the assembled congregation of Jewish GIs and survivors in both French and English. On Passover 1945, Nadich conducte...

  5. Teacup and saucer with blue and pink flowers carried by Kindertransport refugee

    1. Ina Felczer collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn34277
    • English
    • 1939-1945
    • a: Height: 2.125 inches (5.398 cm) | Width: 5.000 inches (12.7 cm) | Depth: 4.125 inches (10.478 cm) b: Height: 6.250 inches (15.875 cm) | Width: 6.250 inches (15.875 cm) | Depth: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm)

    Decorated children’s plate manufactured by Porzellanfabrik Bareuther & Co. and carried by 10-year-old Ina Felczer on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] to Leeds, England, in late June 1939. Before the war, Ina lived with her parents, Victor and Hannah, in Berlin, Germany. Both were Polish Jews who had lived in Berlin since the 1920s. Victor was a chemist, and Hannah co-owned a dressmaking shop. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany, and authorities throughout Germany quickly began suppressing the rights of Jews and boycotting their businesses. In th...

  6. Teddy bear carried by a young boy on the Kindertransport

    Teddy bear received by 14 year old Jack Hellman as a child and carried with him on the Kindertransport in early 1939. When Jack was nine, his parents sent him away to boarding school in Frankfurt, Germany, to escape the vicious anti-semitism in his hometown, Tann. During the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 9-10, 1938, synagogues and Jewish businesses all over Germany were vandalized or destroyed. Soon after, the housemother of his boarding school petitioned Baron James de Rothschild in Great Britain to provide refuge for the 26 children in the school, as well as her own family. Rothschild ...

  7. Tefillin pair and embroidered pouch brought with a German Jewish refugee

    1. Richard Pfifferling and Ruth Pfifferling Knox family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn2965
    • English
    • a: Height: 7.875 inches (20.003 cm) | Width: 7.250 inches (18.415 cm) b: Height: 2.375 inches (6.032 cm) | Width: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Depth: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) c: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Width: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Depth: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)

    Set of tefillin and embroided storage pouch brought with Richard Pfifferling when he left Dresden, Germany, for New York in September 1939. Richard received the tefillin, pouch, and other religious items as a gift for his bar mitzvah circa 1927. In 1933, the Nazi regime came to power and enacted laws that persecuted Jews. Richard and his brothers, Otto and Ernst, fled Germany but their parents, Alexander and Auguste, were unable to leave. Richard later served in the US Army during the war. Richard’s parents were deported to Riga, Latvia, in December 1941, and killed in Auschwitz in August 1...

  8. Teodor Diamant papers

    The collection documents the experiences of Teodor Diamant, originally of Turčiansky Svätý Martin (Martin, Slovakia), on the SS Pentcho, its shipwreck on the uninhabited island of Kamilonissi, while en route to Palestine, and his internment at a concentration camp on Rhodes and then the Ferramonti concentration camp in Tarsia, Italy. Included is a photograph album documenting his voyage on the ship and his internment in the camps. Other photographs document his military experience with a Czech unit in Great Britain, family and friends, and post-war experiences in London and the United State...

  9. Testimony of Alex Kraus, born in Bustino, Czechoslovakia, 1913, regarding his experiences during his escape from Czechoslovakia to France via Austria and Italy, in England and as a soldier in a Czechoslovakian Army unit in the British Army

    1. O.59- Erich Kulka Collection: Documentation and testimonies regarding the struggle of the Jews of Czechoslovakia against the Nazis

    Testimony of Alex Kraus, born in Bustino, Czechoslovakia, 1913, regarding his experiences during his escape from Czechoslovakia to France via Austria and Italy, in England and as a soldier in a Czechoslovakian Army unit in the British Army Jewish community life in Bustino, Carpathian Ruthenia. Escape to France via Austria and Italy with a group of Jewish refugees, 1939; Jewish participation in Czechoslovakian units in France; nationality problems; appointment of Jewish army chaplain, defeat and evacuation to England, 1940; Jews in Czechoslovakian units in England, 1940-1944; impact of antis...

  10. Testimony of Bruno Sax, born in Novy Hrozenkov, Czechoslovakia, 1917, regarding his aliya to Eretz Israel, 1939, and his experiences as soldier in the British Army, in German captivity in Greece and in German camps

    1. O.59- Erich Kulka Collection: Documentation and testimonies regarding the struggle of the Jews of Czechoslovakia against the Nazis

    Testimony of Bruno Sax, born in Novy Hrozenkov, Czechoslovakia, 1917, regarding his aliya to Eretz Israel, 1939, and his experiences as soldier in the British Army, in German captivity in Greece and in German camps Born in Czechoslovakia. Expulsion of Jewish students from Czechoslovakian universities, 1939; transfer of Czechoslovakian Jews to Eretz Israel; detention in Sarafand, 1939; settlement in Kfar Sirkin; refusal to join a Czechoslovakian Army unit in Eretz Israel, 1940; enlistment in the Jewish unit of the English Pioneer Corps; capture by the Germans in Greece, 1941; Jewish soldiers...

  11. Testimony of Hannah (Loewy) Peleg, born in Vienna, Austria, 1924, regarding her experience in Vienna and Great Britain

    1. O.30 - Documentation regarding the Jews of Austria, mainly during the Holocaust period

    Testimony of Hannah (Loewy) Peleg, born in Vienna, Austria, 1924, regarding her experience in Vienna and Great Britain Life in Vienna; attends a non-Jewish elementary school; coping with displays of antisemitism; attends a Jewish high school, until 1938; Anschluss; Kristallnacht; move of Hannah, her brother Issaschar Dov (Bernhard) and her sister Lisa (Ilse) to Great Britain, in the context of the Kindertransport; Life in Great Britain as a young Jewish refugee girl in non-Jewish surroundings; joins aliya training in Brosgrove, following activities in the Bachad youth movement; marriage to ...

  12. Testimony of Kurt Schick, born in Brno, Czechoslovakia, 1918, regarding his experiences as a refugee in Shanghai, as a soldier in the Czechoslovakian Army in the Middle East, in Britain and in the Air Force

    1. O.59- Erich Kulka Collection: Documentation and testimonies regarding the struggle of the Jews of Czechoslovakia against the Nazis

    Testimony of Kurt Schick, born in Brno, Czechoslovakia, 1918, regarding his experiences as a refugee in Shanghai, as a soldier in the Czechoslovakian Army in the Middle East, in Britain and in the Air Force Born in Czechoslovakia. Transfer of Jewish refugees from Prague to Shanghai, 1939; Jewish volunteers in Shanghai join Czechoslovakian units in the Middle East and in England, 1940; situation of the Czechoslovakian Air Force in England, 1941; due to heavy losses, more Jewish volunteers admitted; training in British Royal Air Force (RAF) centers; Jewish participation, 1943; percentage of J...

  13. Testimony of Ludvik Kain Kalina, born in Uzhorod, Czechoslovakia, 1915, regarding his experiences in Britain, as a Czechoslovakian Army soldier and in combat at Dunkirk

    1. O.59- Erich Kulka Collection: Documentation and testimonies regarding the struggle of the Jews of Czechoslovakia against the Nazis

    Testimony of Ludvik Kain Kalina, born in Uzhorod, Czechoslovakia, 1915, regarding his experiences in Britain, as a Czechoslovakian Army soldier and in combat at Dunkirk Born in Uzhorod. Occupation of Slovakia by Hungary; persecution of Jews in Hungarian-occupied Slovakia, 1939; activities of Jewish Communists in Slovakia; transfer to Poland; activities of Jewish Communists in the Katowice refugee center, 1939; persecution of Jewish refugees by Polish police; protection of Jewish refugees by British Consulate; move to Britain, 1939; leading Jewish Communist refugees in England, 1939; impact ...

  14. Testimony of Malvina (Friedmannova) Fantova, born in Cejkov, Czechoslovakia, regarding her experiences in Poland, the Soviet Union and as soldier in the Czechoslovakian Army

    1. O.59- Erich Kulka Collection: Documentation and testimonies regarding the struggle of the Jews of Czechoslovakia against the Nazis

    Testimony of Malvina (Friedmannova) Fantova, born in Cejkov, Czechoslovakia, regarding her experiences in Poland, the Soviet Union and as soldier in the Czechoslovakian Army Born in Czechoslovakia. Hungarian occupation of Carpathian Ruthenia; dramatic evacuation from Carpathian Ruthenia, 1939; unsuccessful attempt to escape to Great Britain; handed over to the Germans at the Dutch border; interrogation by the Gestapo; expulsion to Poland; life in a refugee center in Katowice, 1939; air flights to Rowne during the war between Germany and Poland; role of the Communists in classifying and deci...

  15. Testimony of Miroslav Sigut, born in Dobratice, Czechoslovakia, 1917, regarding his experiences in Krakow, as a French Foreign Legion soldier in France and as a Czechoslovakian Army soldier in England

    1. O.59- Erich Kulka Collection: Documentation and testimonies regarding the struggle of the Jews of Czechoslovakia against the Nazis

    Testimony of Miroslav Sigut, born in Dobratice, Czechoslovakia, 1917, regarding his experiences in Krakow, as a French Foreign Legion soldier in France and as a Czechoslovakian Army soldier in England Help from the Jewish communities to non-Jewish refugees, 1939. Expulsion to Poland; enlistment in the Czechoslovakian Army by Jewish volunteers not accepted by the Czechoslovakian Consulate in Krakow; enlistment in the French Foreign Legion; life in the Foreign Legion unit at Sidi-Bel-Abbes, 1940; transfer of Czechoslovakian volunteers to the Agde training camp; difficulties in mobilization of...

  16. Testimony of Moshe Elisha Landa, born in Budapest, Hungary, 1911, regarding his experiences as a Communist in Poland, England, as a soldier in the Czechoslovakian army in England and in Dunkirk, and persecution by the Communist regime in Czechoslovakia af

    1. O.59- Erich Kulka Collection: Documentation and testimonies regarding the struggle of the Jews of Czechoslovakia against the Nazis

    Testimony of Moshe Elisha Landa, born in Budapest, Hungary, 1911, regarding his experiences as a Communist in Poland, in England, as a soldier in the Czechoslovakian Army in England and in Dunkirk, and persecution by the Communist regime in Czechoslovakia after the war Born in Hungary; receives a religious upbringing and education; becomes a devout Communist, 1926-1938. Escape to Poland, 1939; refused admission to Czechoslovakian Army unit in Krakow; not permitted to enter the Soviet Union; arrival of Communist refugees in England, 1940; relations with the Czechoslovakian government in exil...

  17. Testimony of Otto Spira, born in Moravska Ostrava, Czechoslovakia, 1911, regarding his experiences in the French Foreign Legion in France and as a Czechoslovakian Army soldier in England

    1. O.59- Erich Kulka Collection: Documentation and testimonies regarding the struggle of the Jews of Czechoslovakia against the Nazis

    Testimony of Otto Spira, born in Moravska Ostrava, Czechoslovakia, 1911, regarding his experiences in the French Foreign Legion in France and as a Czechoslovakian Army soldier in England Escape routes of Jewish refugees to France and the Middle East, 1939; Jews in the French Foreign Legion; Jews in Czechoslovakian units in France, 1940; life in the Agde training camp; chaotic retreat to England; role of Jewish volunteers in Czechoslovakian units, 1943; difficulties in joining the air force; fighting at Dunkirk, 1944. Life in the American liberated zone; life in liberated Prague, 1945.

  18. Testimony of Robert Kien, born in Ostrava,, Czechoslovakia, 1902, regarding his experiences in Poland including assistance to refugees in Krakow and Britain

    1. O.59- Erich Kulka Collection: Documentation and testimonies regarding the struggle of the Jews of Czechoslovakia against the Nazis

    Testimony of Robert Kien, born in Ostrava, Czechoslovakia, 1902, regarding his experiences in Poland including assistance to refugees in Krakow and Britain Born in Ostrava. Escape to Poland, 1939; assistance to Jewish refugees in Krakow organized by Czechoslovakian Zionists, 1939; British Committee for Refugees from Czechoslovakia in Poland, role of Herman Field; participation of Czechoslovakian Jews; cooperation of the Czechoslovakian Consulate; classification applications for British visas; escape to Britain, 1939; Communist influence; cooperation with HICEM (Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society ...

  19. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note, acquired by a Polish Jewish refugee and activist

    1. Emanuel Scherer collection

    Scrip, valued at 1 krone, distributed in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp, and acquired post-war by Emanuel Scherer, a Jewish refugee and activist from Krakow, Poland. In Theresienstadt, currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp, and had no real monetary value. As a law student at Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Emanuel joined the Jewish Labor Bund. It was a social-democratic organization devoted to strengthening Yiddish culture and socialist values through their network of schools and cultural and fraternal institutions...

  20. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note, belonging to a German Jewish inmate

    1. Irene and Henry Frank family collection

    Scrip, valued at 1 krone, distributed to Heinz Frankenstein (later Henry Frank) in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia between January 1943 and May 1945. At Theresienstadt, currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. Heinz, his mother, and two of his sisters were deported from Berlin to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in June 194...