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Displaying items 681 to 700 of 1,285
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  1. Commemorative pin worn postwar by a former concentration camp inmate and refugee aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    Commemorative stickpin worn postwar by Hans Finke, a concentration camp inmate who became an aid worker after the war. It has an inverted red triangle on a blue and gray striped field representing concentration camp uniforms. Hans was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In Februa...

  2. Star of David stickpin worn postwar by a former concentration camp inmate and refugee aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    Commemorative stickpin worn postwar by Hans Finke, a concentration camp inmate who became an aid worker after the war. It has a Star of David on a blue and white striped field representing the flag of Israel. Hans was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23...

  3. Stefi Geisel papers

    1. Gustav and Stefi Geisel collection

    The Stefi Geisel papers consist of biographical materials, correspondence, photographic materials, printed materials, and writings documenting the lives of the Siegel and Geisel families in Germany before the war, Stefi and Gus Geisel’s immigration to the United States, and Walter Siegel’s experiences in the Netherlands before his deportation and death at Bergen Belsen. Biographical materials consist of yahrzeit calendars for Hedwig and Martin Moritz and Siegfried Siegel, death announcements for Hedwig Moritz and Walter Siegel, Gustav Geisel’s 1933 driver’s license, a birth certificate and ...

  4. Metal identification tag used by Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany to the US

    1. Gustav and Stefi Geisel collection

    Identification tag that was owned by Stefi and Gustav Geisel. They had emigrated separately to the United States in 1938 to escape the harsh persecutions of Jews in Nazi Germany. They met in Chicago and married in 1942. Stefi had lived in Mosbach, Germany, with her parents and younger brother, Walter. In 1938, 18 year old Stefi Siegel was sent to live with relatives in Chicago. Her parents left for England that year and arrived in the US in 1943. Walter had been sent to the Netherlands; after Germany occupied the country in 1940, he was deported to Buchenwald concentration camp, then to Ber...

  5. Leather wallet with flap closure carried by a Jewish refugee from Nazi Germany to the US

    1. Gustav and Stefi Geisel collection

    Leather wallet used by 18 year old Stefi Siegel when she emigrated to the United States in September 1938 from Mosbach, Germany. After Hitler came to power in 1933, policies were put in place that persecuted and excluded Jews from German society. In 1938, Stefi's parents, Siegfried and Friedel, managed to send her to the United States; her 15 year old brother, Walter, was sent to the Netherlands to learn a trade and possibly emigrate to Palestine. Her parents emigrated to England in 1939 and would get to the US in 1943. In spring 1940, Germany occupied the Netherlands. Walter eventually was...

  6. Czech Air Force pilot badge issued to a Jewish veteran

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    Czech Air Force pilot badge issued to Frank Meissner for his service in the Czech Air Force from 1944-1945 for the Czech government in exile in Great Britain. It may be an observers badge. At the age of 16, Frank left Trest, Czechoslovakia, in 1939 to avoid the increasingly harsh Nazi persecutions of Jews. He went to Denmark with Youth Aliyah to attend agricultural school. In fall 1943, when the Germans decided to deport all Jews from Denmark, Frank was smuggled on a fishing boat to Sweden. During his exile, he received weekly letters from his family, even after their deportation to Theresi...

  7. 1st Anniversary commemorative pin for the victims of Theresienstadt acquired by a Czech Jewish survivor

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    First anniversary commemorative pin for the May 12, 1945, liberation of Theresienstadt concentration camp acquired by Frank Meissner, whose family had been imprisoned in the ghetto/labor camp in Czechoslovakia. On September 16, 1945, there was a public ceremonial burial for 601 victims exhumed from six mass grave sites uncovered at the Small Fortress. From 1940-1945, the Small Fortress served as the prison at the Terezin camp. At the age of 16, Frank left Trest, Czechoslovakia, in 1939 to avoid the increasingly harsh Nazi persecutions of Jews. He went to Denmark with Youth Aliyah to attend ...

  8. Wreath shaped badge owned by a Jewish veteran of the Air Force for the Czech government in exile

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    Wreath shaped pin with a fish owned by Frank Meissner who served in the Czech Air Force from 1944-1945 for the Czech government in exile. At the age of 16, Frank left Trest, Czechoslovakia, in 1939 to avoid the increasingly harsh Nazi persecutions of Jews. He went to Denmark with Youth Aliyah to attend agricultural school. In fall 1943, when the Germans decided to deport all Jews from Denmark, Frank was smuggled on a fishing boat to Sweden. During his exile, he received weekly letters from his family, even after their deportation to Theresienstadt ghetto. The letters stopped in 1943. In the...

  9. Czech lion coat of arms cap badge owned by a Jewish veteran of the Czech Air Force in exile

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    Tinnie, or pressed tin pincap badge owned by Frank Meissner, who served in the Czech Air Force from 1944-1945 for the Czech government in exile. It features the Czech coat-of-arms with the rampant split-tailed lion of Bohemia. At the age of 16, Frank left Trest, Czechoslovakia, in 1939 to avoid the increasingly harsh Nazi persecutions of Jews. He went to Denmark with Youth Aliyah to attend agricultural school. In fall 1943, when the Germans decided to deport all Jews from Denmark, Frank was smuggled on a fishing boat to Sweden. During his exile, he received weekly letters from his family, e...

  10. Enameled stickpin for the Studiosorum World Congress owned by a former Czech Jewish soldier

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    Red and blue enameled stickpin acquired by Frank Meissner during the 1946 Studiosorum Congress in Prague. It features the logo design of a globe, open book, and flaming torch that symbolize youth's persisent quest for knowledge. This was the founding congress of the International Student Union created to promote democracy and education among students of all nations. At the age of 16, Frank left Trest, Czechoslovakia, in 1939 to avoid the increasingly harsh Nazi persecutions of Jews. He went to Denmark with Youth Aliyah to attend agricultural school. In fall 1943, when the Germans decided to...

  11. Frank Meissner papers

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    The Frank Meissner papers contain material related to Frank Meissner, a student and member of a Zionist youth group who fled Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic) and attended school in Denmark, Sweden, and England during World War II. The majority of the papers are correspondence from Frank’s parents, living in his hometown of Třešť, and later Theresienstadt concentration camp. In addition, the collection includes school, financial, and identification documents. The photographs in the collection are of Frank and his family, the town of Třešť, and various moments during his time as a student in E...

  12. Brown alligator leather suitcase used by Austrian Jewish child on the Kindertransport

    1. Erika Rybeck collection

    Suitcase used by 10 year old Erika Schulhof when she was sent from Vienna, Austria, to Great Britain in 1938 on the Kindertransport. Erika was the only child of an assimilated Jewish couple, Dr. Friedrich and Gertrude Schulhof. Her father lost his job because he was Jewish according to the racial laws passed after Germany annexed Austria in March 1938. Following the Kristallnacht pogrom that November, they decided to send Erika on a Kindertransport. Her parents were not able to get permits to leave Austria and, in October 1941, they were deported to the Łódź ghetto. In 1943, they were murde...

  13. Monogrammed green knapsack used by an Austrian Jewish child on the Kindertransport

    1. Erika Rybeck collection

    Knapsack used by 10 year old Erika Schulhof when she was sent from Vienna, Austria, to Great Britain on the Kindertransport. Erika's initials were embroidered on her knapsack by her mother before her departure. Erika was the only child of an assimilated Jewish couple, Dr. Friedrich and Gertrude Schulhof. Her father lost his job because he was Jewish according to the racial laws passed after Germany annexed Austria in March 1938. The family moved to Vienna and, following the Kristallnacht pogrom that November, they decided to send Erika on a Kindertransport to England. Her parents were not a...

  14. Monaural wooden stethoscope used by a Jewish German refugee and US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection

    Wooden Pinard fetal stethoscope (or fetoscope) used by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States from Nazi Germany in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. The Pinard stethoscope was designed in 1895, and is an efficient, low-cost way to hear babies’ heartbeats while in utero. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno ...

  15. Electrotherapy machine used by a Jewish German US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn135414
    • English
    • 1932-1945
    • a: Height: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm) | Width: 16.750 inches (42.545 cm) | Depth: 13.750 inches (34.925 cm) b: Height: 50.125 inches (127.318 cm) | Diameter: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) c: Height: 49.875 inches (126.683 cm) | Diameter: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm)

    Electrotherapy machine brought from Nazi Germany by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. Electrotherapy involves using low-level electric currents to treat issues relating to the nervous or musculoskeletal systems. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno immigrated to the...

  16. Pelvic calipers used by a Jewish German US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection

    Calipers brought from Nazi Germany by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. Medical calipers were used to measure the thickness or breadth of a part of the body. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno immigrated to the US in August. Margaret was a Jewish athlete who was b...

  17. Electric retinoscope used by a Jewish German US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection

    Retinoscope used by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States from Nazi Germany in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. Retinoscopes light the internal eye, allowing a doctor to measure how the retina reflects light. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno immigrated to the US in August. Margaret was a Jewish athlet...

  18. Handmade stationery folder brought with a Kindertransport refugee

    1. Anna Leist collection

    Handcrafted stationery portfolio given to Anna Zajac, 13, by her elder brother, Felix, in October 1938, after he was notified that he was being deported from Berlin, Germany, to Poland. Felix made the folder when he was 13 at summer camp circa 1935. Their father, Wolf, was deported in 1935. The nine siblings and their mother, Dora, were expected to join him. But Dora was ill with tuberculosis and, except for the two eldest, Felix and Samuel, the children were placed in the Ahawah orphanage in 1936. Dora died on January 5, 1938. Samuel then left for Poland. After Felix was deported, he and S...

  19. Wooden box owned by a Japanese aid coordinator for Jewish refugees in Shanghai

    1. Koreshige Inuzuka collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn522135
    • English
    • a: Height: 4.625 inches (11.748 cm) | Width: 13.500 inches (34.29 cm) | Depth: 11.125 inches (28.258 cm) b: Height: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) | Width: 14.125 inches (35.878 cm) | Depth: 11.625 inches (29.528 cm) c: Height: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) | Width: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) | Depth: 11.500 inches (29.21 cm)

    Dark brown, telescoping, wooden box owned by Koreshige Inuzuka, a naval Captain who served as the head of the Japanese Imperial Navy’s Advisory Bureau on Jewish Affairs in occupied Shanghai, China, from 1939 to 1943. In 1937, Japan occupied Shanghai and began to enact new policies regarding the territory’s interaction with increasing numbers of European refugees, especially Jews. As one of the Japanese military’s “Jewish experts” Koreshige was consulted to assist with refugee policies. Early in his career, he was exposed to western anti-Semitism and false claims of a Jewish plan for world d...

  20. Folding Fan owned by a Japanese aid coordinator for Jewish refugees in Shanghai

    1. Koreshige Inuzuka collection

    Wooden folding fan with Japanese characters owned by Koreshige Inuzuka, a naval Captain who served as the head of the Japanese Imperial Navy’s Advisory Bureau on Jewish Affairs in occupied Shanghai, China, from 1939 to 1943. In 1937, Japan occupied Shanghai and began to enact new policies regarding the territory’s interaction with increasing numbers of European refugees, especially Jews. As one of the Japanese military’s “Jewish experts” Koreshige was consulted to assist with refugee policies. Early in his career, he was exposed to western anti-Semitism and false claims of a Jewish plan for...