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Displaying items 10,021 to 10,040 of 10,105
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Item type: Archival Descriptions

  1. World War I wound badge for a cap awarded to a German soldier

    1. Stefan and Frederike Deutsch family collection

    World War I wound badge awarded to Stefan Deutsch for injuries sustained while serving in the German Army.

  2. World War II Victory ribbon bar awarded to German Jewish US soldier

    1. Rudolph Daniel Sichel collection

    World War II Victory ribbon bar issued to Rudolph Sichel, a Jewish refugee from Frankfurt, Germany, who served in the US Army from 1943 to June 1946. In May 1936, unable to return to Germany from England because of anti-Jewish regulations, Sichel went to the US. His parents Ernst and Frieda joined him in 1940. In April 1943, Sichel enlisted in the Army and was sent to Camp Ritchie for military intelligence training. In July 1944, Sichel, Chief Interrogator, Interrogation of Prisoners of War Team 13, landed on Utah Beach in France, attached to the 104th Infantry, the Timberwolf Division. As ...

  3. The worm in the apple

    This memoir of the war period contains comments about the Nazi persecution of German Jews and the Nazi persecution and incarceration of political opponents; a description of his father's immigration to Norway; Askevold's military service in the Reichsarbeitsdienst and his activities in the German military during the incorporation of Austria and the Sudetenland into the Greater Reich and the German invasions and occupations of Poland, France, and the Soviet Union, in addition to the time he served as a prisoner of war.

  4. Woven navy blue wool scarf with red and white accents brought to the US by Nadzieja Klein's family

    1. Joan Kent Finkelstein family collection

    Woven, navy blue wool scarf with red and white accents that Nadzieja Klein took with her when she, her husband, Jerzy, 3 year old daughter, Joanna, and her aunt, Elizawieta Palcew, escaped Warsaw, Poland, after living under German occupation since September 1939. Jerzy had applied for US visas in 1936 following Hitler’s remilitarization of the Rhineland, but was unsuccessful because of restrictive US entry quotas. Jerzy acquired false travel papers for roundtrip travel to Peru via Italy. The family traveled by train to Trieste where they obtained transit permits through Yugoslavia and Greec...

  5. Wreath shaped badge owned by a Jewish veteran of the Air Force for the Czech government in exile

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    Wreath shaped pin with a fish owned by Frank Meissner who served in the Czech Air Force from 1944-1945 for the Czech government in exile. At the age of 16, Frank left Trest, Czechoslovakia, in 1939 to avoid the increasingly harsh Nazi persecutions of Jews. He went to Denmark with Youth Aliyah to attend agricultural school. In fall 1943, when the Germans decided to deport all Jews from Denmark, Frank was smuggled on a fishing boat to Sweden. During his exile, he received weekly letters from his family, even after their deportation to Theresienstadt ghetto. The letters stopped in 1943. In the...

  6. Wrist watch kept by a Hungarian Jewish concentration camp inmate

    1. George Ogurek Zimmerman family collection

    Wrist watch purchased by Karola Ogurek in Budapest, Hungary, around October 1943 after fleeing Kamionka, Poland, with her 10 year old son, Jurek, husband Alexander, and her parents Helene and Izak Fiszer. She kept the watch with her, even during incarceration in Auschwitz. In March 1944, after Germany invaded Hungary, the family tried to go to Slovakia but were arrested and turned over to the Germans. They were sent to a Polish POW camp, but released by the commandant. They went back and forth between Slovakia and Hungary seeking refuge. In April 1944, they were arrested and sent to Sered l...

  7. Wristwatch with red band and a red pouch taken by a German Jewish girl on a Kindertransport

    1. John and Gisela Marx Eden collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn149054
    • English
    • a: Height: 7.375 inches (18.733 cm) | Width: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Depth: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) b: Height: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Width: 5.125 inches (13.017 cm)

    Wristwatch with a red band and a red cloth case brought by 14 year old Gisela Marx on a Kindertransport from Dulken, Germany, to Great Britain in August 1939. Gisela’s parents, Erna and Leopold, purchased the watch for Gisela’s journey. The Nazi regime, in power since 1933, persecuted the Jewish population. Leopold, a former diplomat and WWI veteran, and Erna, a member of a wealthy, landowning family, thought their status would protect them, but in 1939, they decided to send Gisela to safety. The friend paid to care for her never showed up, and she was sent to live with an Orthodox rabbi, a...

  8. Wrought iron gates and related parts from the Jewish cemetery in Tarnow, Poland

    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn5266
    • English
    • 1920-1990
    • a: Height: 100.250 inches (254.635 cm) | Width: 107.000 inches (271.78 cm) | Depth: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm) b: Height: 11.500 inches (29.21 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm) | Depth: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) c: Height: 11.625 inches (29.528 cm) | Width: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Depth: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) d: Height: 11.625 inches (29.528 cm) | Width: 3.375 inches (8.573 cm) | Depth: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) e: Height: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) | Width: 8.125 inches (20.638 cm) | Depth: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm) f: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Width: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Depth: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) g: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Width: 3.375 inches (8.573 cm) | Depth: 3.000 inches (7.62 cm) h: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Width: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Depth: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) i: Height: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) j: Width: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Depth: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) k: Width: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Depth: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) l: Width: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Depth: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) m: Width: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Depth: 3.625 inches (9.208 cm) n: Width: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Depth: 3.375 inches (8.573 cm) o: Height: 2.125 inches (5.398 cm) | Diameter: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) p: Height: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) | Width: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) | Depth: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) q: Height: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) | Width: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Depth: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) r: Height: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) | Width: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Depth: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) s: Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Depth: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) t: Height: 21.625 inches (54.928 cm) | Width: 53.000 inches (134.62 cm)

    Wrought iron, double gate from the Jewish cemetery in Tarnów, Poland, acquired by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) in 1991. Jewish settlement in the city and the cemetery date back to the 16th century and prior to World War II, 25,000 Jews lived in Tarnów. In September 1939, in accordance with the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, Germany invaded western Poland while the Soviet Union annexed eastern Poland. On September 7, German forces occupied Tarnów and burned all of the city’s synagogues. German authorities blocked Jewish bank accounts, closed schools, required Jews to display...

  9. WW I 61st Artillery gold shoulder board with cannons owned by German Jewish soldier

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    Single German 61st Artillery gold shoulder strap with crossed cannons and numeral 61 owned by Carl Werner Lenneberg, a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army, during the First World War. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, and sent to Dachau concentration camp. After release, they left Germany on the ill-fated voyage of the MS St. Louis to Havana, Cuba, May 13-June 17, 19...

  10. WW I 61st Artillery gold shoulder boards with cannons owned by German Jewish soldier

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn44448
    • English
    • 1914-1918
    • a: Height: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) | Width: 4.875 inches (12.383 cm) b: Height: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) | Width: 4.625 inches (11.747 cm)

    Two German 61st Artillery gold shoulder straps with crossed cannons and numeral 61 owned by Carl Werner Lenneberg, a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army, during the First World War. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, and sent to Dachau concentration camp. After release, they left Germany on the ill-fated voyage of the MS St. Louis to Havana, Cuba, May 13-June 17, 1939...

  11. WW I 8th Artillery gold shoulder board with cannons owned by German Jewish soldier

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    Single German WWI 8th Artillery gold shoulder strap with crossed flaming cannons and numeral 8 owned by Carl Werner Lenneberg, a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army, during the First World War. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, and sent to Dachau concentration camp. After release, they left Germany on the ill-fated voyage of the MS St. Louis to Havana, Cuba, May 13-J...

  12. WW I 8th Artillery gold shoulder boards with cannons owned by German Jewish soldier

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn44449
    • English
    • a: Height: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) | Width: 4.625 inches (11.747 cm) b: Height: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) | Width: 4.625 inches (11.747 cm)

    Two German WWI 8th Artillery gold shoulder strap with crossed flaming cannons and numeral 8 owned by Carl Werner Lenneberg, a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army, during the First World War. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, and sent to Dachau concentration camp. After release, they left Germany on the ill-fated voyage of the MS St. Louis to Havana, Cuba, May 13-June...

  13. WW I 8th Artillery gray shoulder boards with 8 worn by German Jewish soldier

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn44450
    • English
    • a: Height: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Width: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) b: Height: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Width: 4.625 inches (11.747 cm)

    Two German 8th Artillery gray shoulder straps with the numeral 8 owned by Carl Werner Lenneberg, a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army, during the First World War. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, and sent to Dachau concentration camp. After release, they left Germany on the ill-fated voyage of the MS St. Louis to Havana, Cuba, May 13-June 17, 1939. Upon the ship's ...

  14. WW I Baden Cross for Volunteer War Aid awarded to a German Jewish veteran

    1. Mayer, Bierig, and Ehrmann families collection

    Kreuz für freiwillige Kriegshilfe [Volunteer War Aid Cross] 1914-1916, belonging to Oskar Ehrmann. The Cross was awarded to men and women who provided outstanding service in caring for the sick and wounded, outside the war zone, or for other voluntary service in support of the war. Ehrmann was awarded a Cross of Honor for service on the front line during the First World War (1914-1918), issued in 1934. Oskar's two brothers were also German Army officers in WWI. In 1933, the Nazi regime came to power in Germany and enacted policies to persecute the Jewish population. Oskar decided to leave G...

  15. WWI anti-aircraft gun fuse fragment owned by a Jewish German soldier

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    Fragment of a WWI anti-aircraft gun fuse saved by Carl Werner Lenneberg, a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Reserve Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army, during the First World War. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, and sent to Dachau concentration camp. After release, they left Germany on the ill-fated voyage of the MS St. Louis to Havana, Cuba, May 13-June 17, 1939. Upon the ship's forced return to...

  16. WWI Hungarian War Supporter copper watch fob acquired by a Jewish army veteran

    1. Peter Veres family collection

    World War I Hungarian War Supporter copper watch ornament originally owned by Bela Krausz, issued for contributions to military aid for the year 1915/16. Bela, an Orthodox Jew and WWI veteran, was arrested in Budapest on May 31, 1944, following the occupation of Hungary by Nazi Germany on March 19. He was deported in July to an unknown concentration camp where he was killed. In November, his wife Lenke went into hiding with their daughter Kati and her children, and her son-in-law’s family. The city was liberated by Soviet forces in January 1945. Lenke brought the watch fob with her when she...

  17. WWI Iron Cross medal awarded to a German Jewish veteran

    1. Maier Firnbacher family collection

    Iron Cross awarded to Maier Firnbacher for bravery while serving in the German Army during World War I; it was issued in 1934. Maier was a cattle trader in Straubing, Germany, when Hitler came to power in 1933. Jews were forbidden to practice certain professions and in 1936, Maier's trading license was revoked. In 1938, he was forced to sell his farmland at a loss to a non-Jew. He got immigration visas for the United States for himself, his wife, Ida, and their 8 year old son, Manfred, but was arrested during Kristallnacht on November 10. He was released after three weeks in Dachau concentr...

  18. WWI Military Merit Cross 3rd Class with Swords and fitted box awarded to a German Jewish veteran

    1. Maier Firnbacher family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn43004
    • English
    • a: Height: 2.375 inches (6.032 cm) | Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) b: Height: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Width: 2.375 inches (6.032 cm) | Depth: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm) c: Height: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Width: 2.375 inches (6.032 cm) | Depth: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm)

    Military Merit Cross 3rd Class with Swords and fitted case of issue awarded to Maier Firnbacher in 1916 for bravery while serving in the German Army during World War I. Maier was a cattle trader in Straubing, Germany, when Hitler came to power in 1933. Jews were forbidden to practice certain professions and, in 1936, Maier's trading license was revoked. In 1938, he was forced to sell his farmland at a loss to a non-Jew. He got immigration visas for the United States for himself, his wife, Ida, and their 8 year old son, Manfred, then was arrested during Kristallnacht on November 10. He was r...

  19. WWII European refugees arrive in New York City

    New York Harbor, new arrivals to America. DPs from Europe, they are not all Jewish DPs, but they are all war refugees. VS, the ship named US Army Transport General WM. Black. Tracking shot of ship's arrival to NYC. Refugees and the crew of the ship wave to the camera as they enter the harbor. VS of New York harbor and the Statue of Liberty.

  20. Wyższy Dowódca SS i Policji Wschód Der Höhere Schutzstaffeln (SS) und Polizeiführe Ost (GK 901)

    Consists of collection of orders of the Reichsführer-SS regarding the forced labor of Polish workers, 1939-1944, the organizational decree no. 1, 26 June 1942 regarding activities of police authorities in occupied Poland, set of guidelines for general matters, a daily order no. 46 regarding the transfer of officers to other positions, 1943; name lists of associates of SS-Obergruppenführer Krüger , and officers of the WD office, as well as names of civil and military administration institutions, and a name list of Polish and Ukrainian police in the General Government, 1940-1944. Includes a c...