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Displaying items 1 to 20 of 152
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Item type: Authorities

  1. Aleksandar Licht

    Dr. Aleksandar Licht (1884−1948) was an Croatian Zionist leader and founder of the Zionist movement in Croatia. Licht was born in village Sokolovac, near Koprivnica to a Croatian Jewish family. As a child he moved with his family to Zagreb. Licht was educated in Zagreb where he finished elementary and high school. He graduated as a lawyer at the Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb. In 1909 he was promoted to a Doctor of law at the University of Zagreb. In 1913 he opened a law firm in Zagreb, but in 1914 he was drafted to a Austro-Hungarian Army. Upon completing military service, Licht retu...

  2. 16-я 'Литовская' стрелковая дивизия

    • 16th Lithuanian Rifle Division (Soviet Union)
    • Lietuviškoji 16-oji Raudonosios Armijos divizija

    The 16th Rifle Division was a formation in the Red Army created during the Second World War. The division was formed twice, and was given the title 'Lithuanian' during its second formation. It was originally established at Novgorod in October 1939. In the end of 1941 reformed and given the title 'Lithuanian', the division participated in several battles against Nazi Germany, including Kursk, Belarus, and the Baltic. It was disbanded at the end of the war, although it was briefly revived in 1955 before being disbanded once more. When the 16th Division was reformed after its destruction, it w...

  3. Bibelforscher

    • Jehovah's Witnesses

    1870s/present

    Founded in the United States in the 1870s, the Jehovah's Witnesses organization sent missionaries to Germany to seek converts in the 1890s. By the early 1930s, only 20,000 (of a total population of 65 million) Germans were Jehovah's Witnesses, usually known at the time as "International Bible Students". Even before 1933, despite their small numbers, door-to-door preaching and the identification of Jehovah's Witnesses as heretics by the mainstream Protestant and Catholic churches made them few friends. Individual German states and local authorities periodically sought to limit the group's pr...

  4. Blum Leon

    • Blum, Léon, 1872-1950
    • Blum, Leʾon, 1872-1950
    • בלום, ליאון, 1872־1950
    • בלום, ליאון
    • בלום, לאיון
    • ...

    09/04/1872

    30/03/1950

    French statesman. First Jew and first Socialist to be premier of France (05.06.1936-19.06.1937 and 13.03.-10.04.1938), opposed granting absolute powers to Petain. Arrested on Petain's orders. Riom Trials (1942). Turned over to the Germans in March 1943. Liberated with the Niederdorf group.

  5. Bernadotte Folke

    02/01/1895

    17/09/1948

    Swedish official. Worked with the Red Cross in arranging POW exchanges. Vice president of the Swedish Red Cross. Saved thousands of POWs and concentration camp inmates. "During the last months of the war he was approached by Kaltenbrunner and Schellenberg on Himmler's behalf to feel out the Western allies on making some deal to mollify their unconditional surrender policy. Assassinated in Jerusalem by the Stern Gang.

  6. Roosevelt Franklin Delano

    • Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 1882-1945
    • ルーズヴェルト, フランクリン・D
    • Ruzvelʹt, Franklin, 1882-1945
    • Luosifu, 1882-1945
    • Roosevelt, Franklin D., 1882-1945
    • ...

    30/01/1882

    02/04/1945

    32nd president of the United States (1933-1945)

  7. Horthy Miklós

    • Horthy, Miklós, 1868-1957
    • Horthy, Nicolaus von, 1868-1957
    • Horthy, Miklós, nagybányai, 1868-1957
    • Nagybányai Horthy, Miklós, 1868-1957
    • הורטי, ניקולאוס
    • ...

    18/06/1868

    09/02/1957

    Hungarian military officer and politician, the Regent of Hungary between March 1, 1920, and October 16, 1944. After the coup d'état of the Arrow Cross Party, he was under German house arrest. After the end of the war he settled in Portugal.

  8. Blobel Paul

    • Blobel, Paul 1894-1951
    • Blobel, Paul

    13/08/1894

    07/06/1951

    SS-Standartenführer (1941), head of Sonderkommando 4a, Leiter (head ) of the massacre of 33 771 Jews in the ravine of Babi Jar near Kiev. Later head of Sonderkommando 1005. Sentenced to death in Einsatzgruppen Trial and executed.

  9. Hitler Adolf

    • Hitler, Adolf, 1889-1945
    • Hitler.
    • Hitler, Adolph, 1889-1945
    • Khitker, Adolf, 1889-1945
    • Hitler, Adolf
    • ...

    20/04/1889

    30/04/1945

    Führer and Reichskanzler, since 04.02.1938 Oberbefehlshaber der Wehrmacht.

  10. Tito Josip Broz

    • Tito, Josip Broz, 1892-1980
    • Broz, Josip, 1892-1980
    • Broz-Tito, Josip, 1892-1980
    • Tito-Broz, Josip, 1892-1980
    • Broz, Josip.
    • ...

    07/05/1892

    04/05/1980

    Secretary-general of the Communist Party of Yugosloavia (1939-80). Yugoslav president (1953-80).

  11. Bergen-Belsen Memorial

    • Gedenkstäte Bergen-Belsen

    After the outbreak of World War II, the Wehrmacht set up a camp for Belgian and French prisoners of war in huts at the edge of the Bergen Military Training Area. The camp was significantly expanded in the spring of 1941. Following the German invasion of the Soviet Union, over 21,000 Soviet POWs were deported to the camp until the autumn of 1941. Between July 1941 and April 1942, 14,000 Soviet POWs died there of starvation, disease and exposure. In April 1943, the SS took over the southern section of the camp and turned it into an “exchange camp” for Jewish prisoners. The SS decided in the s...

  12. Antonescu Ion

    • Antonescu, Ion, 1882-1946
    • Antonescu, Jon 1882-1946
    • Antonescu, Ion. 1882-1946
    • Antonescu-Hitler, ... 1882-1946
    • Antonescu, I. 1882-1946
    • ...

    15/07/1882

    01/06/1946

    Marshal and statesman who became dictator of the pro-German government during World War II. 1940 Prime minister with absolute powers, established a military dictatorship and openly embraced the Axis powers. In the summer of 1941, Antonescu ordMarshal and statesman who became dictator of the pro-German government during World War II. 1940 Prime minister with absolute powers, established a military dictatorship and openly embraced the Axis powers. In the summer of 1941, Antonescu ordered the expulsion of 150,000 Jews from Bessarabia, Bukovina, and the Dorohoi district, survivors of earlier ma...

  13. Turkish government

    In examining the decision-making process in the Turkish government during the Second World War years two factors must be kept in mind; the government during this period was authoritarian, and power was very centralized. The Grand National Assembly, the Parliamentary Group of the CHP, the Cabinet and Inönü. This power structure included practically all the politically active elements in Turkish society. Yet despite Italy’s entry into the war in 1940-06 and the subsequent Axis campaign in the Balkans, which culminated in Germany’s invasion and defeat of Yugoslavia and Greece in spring 1941, T...

  14. Seyss-Inquart Arthur

    • Seyss-Inquart, Arthur
    • Seyß-Inquart, Arthur, 1892-1946
    • Zajtich, Arthur, 1892-1946
    • Seyss-Inquart, Arthur, 1892-1946
    • Seyss-Inquart, A. (Arthur), 1892-1946
    • ...

    22/07/1892

    16/10/1946

    Reich governor of Austria. Reich Commissioner of German-occupied Netherlands. Responsible for rounding-up of Dutch Jews.

  15. Codreanu Corneliu Zelea

    • Codreanu, Corneliu Zelea, 1899-1938
    • Zieliński, Corneliu
    • Zelinschi, Corneliu
    • Zelea, Corneliu Codreanu
    • Codreanu, Corneliu Z.
    • ...

    13/09/1899

    30/11/1938

    Romanian politician of the far right, the founder and leader of the Iron Guard or The Legion of the Archangel Michael (also known as the Legionary Movement), an ultra-nationalist and violently antisemitic organization active throughout most of the interwar period. Advocated Romania's adherence to a military and political alliance formed around Nazi Germany.

  16. Kramer Josef

    • Kramer, Josef, 1906-1945
    • Kramer, Joseph, 1906-1945
    • Kramer, Joseph 1906-1945
    • Kramer, Josef

    10/11/1906

    13/12/1945

    KZ-Kommandant and SS-Hauptsturmführer. Since 1934 in Dachau, 1937/1938 in Sachsenhausen, 1939 in Mauthausen, May 1940 in Auschwitz, April 1941 Schutzhaftlagerführer , Oct 1942 Kommandant in Natzweiler, since May 1944 Kommandant in Auschwitz-Birkenau, since 1 Dec 1944 in Bergen-Belsen. Sentenced to death in Belsen Trial, executed.

  17. Goebbels Joseph

    • Goebbels, Joseph, 1897-1945
    • Goebbels, Paul Joseph, 1897-1945
    • Goebbels, Josef, 1897-1945
    • Gkaimpels, Paoul Giozeph, 1897-1945
    • Gebbelʹs, Ĭosef 1897-1945
    • ...

    29/10/1897

    01/05/1945

    Reichsmininster for Volksaufklärung and Propaganda, Gauleiter of Berlin, one of the people closest to Hitler.

  18. Weizsäcker Ernst Baron Von

    • Weizsäcker, Ernst von (1882-1951).
    • Weizsäcker, Ernst, Freiherr von, 1882-1951
    • Weizsäcker, Ernst von, 1882-1951
    • Von Weizsäcker, Ernst, 1882-1951
    • Weizsäcker, Ernst Heinrich, Freiherr von, 1882-1951
    • ...

    12/05/1882

    04/08/1951

    1938-1943, State Secretary at the Foreign Office 1943-1945 German Ambassador to the Holy See.

  19. Bach-Zelewski Erich von dem

    • Bach, Erich ˜von demœ 1899-1972
    • Bach-Zelewski, Erich von dem, 1899-1972
    • Zelewski, Erich von dem Bach-, 1899-1972
    • Bach-Zalewski, Erich von dem, 1899-1972
    • Zalewski, Erich von dem Bach- 1899-1972
    • ...

    01/03/1899

    08/03/1972

    SS-Obergruppenführer , General der Polizei (General of police) (1944). 1938 Höherer SS- und Polizeiführer in Silesia, 1941 HSSPF Russland-Mitte, head of Einsatzgruppe B. Since 21 June 1943 Bevollmächtigter des Reichsführer-SS zur Bandenbekämpfung (murder of Jews and partisans). 1944 suppression of the Warsaw Uprising. End of 1944/1945 Stabschef des Befehlshabers des Ersatzheeres. In the Nuremberg Trials crown witness for the prosecution. Sentenced to life for the murder of three communists in 1961.

  20. Falkenhausen Alexander von

    • Falkenhausen, Alexander ˜vonœ 1878-1966
    • Falkenhausen, Alexander Von
    • Falkenhausen, Alexander Ernst Alfred Hermann von, 1878-1966
    • Falkenhausen, Alexander Ernst 1878-1966 Baron von
    • Alexander 1878-1966 Freiherr von Falkenhausen
    • ...

    29/10/1878

    31/07/1966

    General of the German Infantry. 1940-1944 head of the military government (Chef der Militärverwaltung) in occupied Belgium and northern France, imprisoned in Dachau concentration camp after the July Plot. After the war sentenced to 12 years of hard labour for shooting 240 hostages and for the deportation of 25000 Belgian Jews but released after three weeks in recognition of the fact that he also protected Belgians from the SS.