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Displaying items 581 to 600 of 1,285
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  1. Metis family papers

    1. Annette Metis Gallagher family collection

    The papers relate to the voyage of the MS St. Louis and include a scrapbook created by Dr. Felix Metis that contains telegrams sent from the MS St. Louis and newspaper clippings about the voyage; an insert about the voyage from the November 28, 1967, edition of "Look" magazine; and six photographs depicting Annette Metis [donor], her mother, Lotte, and her brother, Wolfgang, aboard the MS St. Louis.

  2. Metric wooden ruler owned by a young Austrian Jewish refugee girl

    1. Appenzeller and Dukes families collection

    Metric, wooden ruler used by Erna Appenzeller in her Montessori school in Vienna, Austria, while in fourth grade. Erna was a young girl living with her parents in Austria, when the country was annexed by Germany on March 13, 1938. German authorities quickly created new legislation that restricted Jewish life. The school that Erna attended was shut down, members of the Jewish community were arrested, and her father’s business was taken and Arayanized. In August 1939, Erna’s parents acquired visas and were able to go to Milan, Italy. On June 10, 1940, Italy entered World War II as a German al...

  3. Michael Siegel collection

  4. Midway on Federal Street Drawing of a carnival midway created by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Ink drawing of a midway at a fair on Federal Street created by Nelly Rossmann in Germany 1933. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in publishing. Nelly taught children crafts to support her 5 year old son, Michael. After the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938, her parents left for England,...

  5. Military blouse, trousers, and General Service Cap worn by a Dutch Jewish corporal in the Prinses Irene Brigade

    1. Jack and Hedi Justus Grootkerk family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn90157
    • English
    • a: Height: 21.000 inches (53.34 cm) | Width: 15.125 inches (38.418 cm) b: Height: 27.875 inches (70.803 cm) | Width: 14.500 inches (36.83 cm) c: Height: 2.875 inches (7.303 cm) | Width: 10.500 inches (26.67 cm) | Depth: 10.000 inches (25.4 cm)

    Military blouse, pants, and General Service Cap worn by Jack Grootkerk, 29, who served in the Dutch Free Forces, Prinses Irene Brigade from September 1942 to September 1945. The Brigade was formed in England in 1941 by the Dutch government in exile and Dutch Army personnel who had escaped German occupied Europe. The unit wore British battledress uniforms with Dutch insignia. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. In December 1941, Jack was told to report for forced labor in Germany. He and his brother Erich fled to France and Spain, and were interned several times. In fall 1942, ...

  6. Miniature ivory penknife carried by an Austrian refugee family

    1. Elisabeth Orsten family collection

    Miniature penknife given to 13 year old Elisabeth Ornstein by her parents Hilda and Paul after they were reunited in New York in 1940 during the war. Elisabeth and her family were from Vienna where the annexation of Austria by Germany in 1938 led to severe anti-Semitic persecution. Although they were practicing Catholics and did not identify themselves as Jews, they were Jews under Nazi law. After Kristallnacht in November 9, 1938, Elisabeth's parents decided to send the children out of the country. Elisabeth and Georg, 9 years, were given passage on a Kindertransport to England by the Quak...

  7. Miniature mother of pearl compass carried by an Austrian refugee family

    1. Elisabeth Orsten family collection

    Miniature compass given to Elisabeth [Liesl] Ornstein, 13, by her parents Hilda and Paul after they were reunited in New York in 1940 during the war. Elisabeth and her family were from Vienna where the annexation of Austria by Germany in 1938 led to severe anti-Jewish persecution. Although they were practicing Catholics and did not identify themselves as Jews, they were Jews under Nazi law. After Kristallnacht in November 9, 1938, Elisabeth's parents decided to send the children out of the country. Elisabeth and Georg, 9, were given passage on a Kindertransport to England by the Quakers in ...

  8. Modern watercolor painting of a German-American internee as a child

    1. Arthur Jacobs collection

    A watercolor artistic interpretation of the experience of Arthur Jacobs as he was transported by the United States Army from Bremen to Ludwigsburg, Germany in January 1946. Arthur was born in New York to German parents. In November 1944, his father, Lambert Dietrich, was arrested on unsubstantiated information and interned at the Ellis Island Immigration Station as an enemy alien. In February 1945, Arthur, his brother, and his mother voluntarily joined Lambert at Ellis Island. At the end of April, the family was transferred to the Crystal City Texas Family Internment Camp. Facing deportatio...

  9. Monaural stethoscope used by a German Jewish refugee nurse and aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    Monaural aluminum Pinard fetal stethoscope used by Alice Redlich while she served as a nurse at the Bergen Belsen displaced persons camp established in the former concentration camp in Germany after the war. The British army liberated Bergen-Belsen on April 15, 1945, and it then became a DP camp. Alice volunteered with the Jewish Committee for Relief Abroad and, in September 1946, she left for Bergen-Belsen DP camp to care for children and young women. Before the war, Alice lived with her parents in Berlin, Germany, through the rise of the Nazi dictatorship with its increasingly harsh anti-...

  10. Monaural wooden stethoscope used by a Jewish German refugee and US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection

    Wooden Pinard fetal stethoscope (or fetoscope) used by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States from Nazi Germany in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. The Pinard stethoscope was designed in 1895, and is an efficient, low-cost way to hear babies’ heartbeats while in utero. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno ...

  11. Monogrammed green knapsack used by an Austrian Jewish child on the Kindertransport

    1. Erika Rybeck collection

    Knapsack used by 10 year old Erika Schulhof when she was sent from Vienna, Austria, to Great Britain on the Kindertransport. Erika's initials were embroidered on her knapsack by her mother before her departure. Erika was the only child of an assimilated Jewish couple, Dr. Friedrich and Gertrude Schulhof. Her father lost his job because he was Jewish according to the racial laws passed after Germany annexed Austria in March 1938. The family moved to Vienna and, following the Kristallnacht pogrom that November, they decided to send Erika on a Kindertransport to England. Her parents were not a...

  12. Monogrammed pillowcase with whitework embroidery used by a German Jewish Kindertransport refugee

    1. Bertl Rosenfeld Esenstad collection

    Monogrammed pillowcase with an eyelet design used by 14 year old Bertl Rosenfelt when she and two younger sisters, Edith, 13, and Ruth, 9, left Nazi Germany in March 1939 on a Kindertransport to Great Britain. It was made by her maternal aunt Friederika Lemberger from a converted pillow sham with her initials FL. After Hitler assumed power in Germany in 1933, Jews were subjected to increasingly punitive restrictions. Bertl's extended family tried to get visas for the US, but were unsuccessful because of the strict US quotas. Bertl, Edith, and Ruth were sent to Aachen to live with Friederika...

  13. Monogrammed pillowcase with whitework embroidery used by a German Jewish Kindertransport refugee

    1. Bertl Rosenfeld Esenstad collection

    Monogrammed pillowcase wth an eyelet design used by 14 year old Bertl Rosenfelt when she and two younger sisters, Edith, 13, and Ruth, 9, left Nazi Germany in March 1939 on a Kindertransport to Great Britain. It was made by her maternal aunt Friederika Lemberger from a converted pillow sham with her initials FL. After Hitler assumed power in Germany in 1933, Jews were subjected to increasingly punitive restrictions. Bertl's extended family tried to get visas for the US, but were unsuccessful bcause of the strict US quotas. Bertl, Edith, and Ruth were sent to Aachen to live with Friederika i...

  14. Monogrammed silver napkin rings owned by a German Rabbi

    1. Rabbi Georg and Martha Wilde collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn619190
    • English
    • a: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Diameter: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) b: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Diameter: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)

    Pair of silver napkin rings, engraved with the initials of Martha and her husband Rabbi George Wilde, who fled Germany in 1939. Rabbi Dr. Georg Wilde attended the Jewish Theological Seminary in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland), and received a doctorate in 1901. He married Breslau-born Martha Spitz, and the couple moved to Magdeburg. In 1906, Georg began serving as rabbi for the largest of Magdeburg’s three congregations, the Synagogen-Gemeinde zu Magdeburg. During World War I, Georg served as a field rabbi and presided over both Jewish and interfaith burials. While in Magdeburg, Georg...

  15. Monogrammed tallit pouch brought with a German Jewish refugee

    1. Richard Pfifferling and Ruth Pfifferling Knox family collection

    Monogrammed tallit pouch brought with Richard Pfifferling when he left Dresden, Germany, for New York in September 1939. Richard received the pouch and other religious items as a gift for his bar mitzvah circa 1927. In 1933, the Nazi regime came to power and enacted laws that persecuted Jews. Richard and his brothers, Otto and Ernst, fled Germany but their parents, Alexander and Auguste, were unable to leave. Richard later served in the US Army during the war. Richard’s parents were deported to Riga, Latvia, in December 1941, and killed in Auschwitz in August 1942. In 1944, he married Ruth ...

  16. Mother and Son Waiting Sketch of a woman and boy by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn98
    • English
    • 1940
    • overall: Height: 9.250 inches (23.495 cm) | Width: 6.250 inches (15.875 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.500 inches (16.51 cm) | Width: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm)

    Sketch of Camp de Gurs, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment center for Jewish refugees. Lili, originally from Berlin, ...

  17. Mother of pearl opera glasses saved by a German Jewish prewar emigre

    1. Karlsruher, Schweizer and Eisenmann family collection

    Mother of pearl opera glasses saved by Irene Schweizer when she fled Germany on a Kindertransport with her 6 year old son Hans in July 1939, joining her husband in England. When Hitler rose to power in Germany in 1933, Irene, Hans, and her husband Friedrich resided in Mannheim. Irene’s stepfather, Nathan Karlsruher, died that October and Irene’s mother and half-sister, Jella and Ruth Karlsruher, 11, moved in with them. In 1936, Friedrich was fired from his job as a bank manager because he was Jewish. During Kristallnacht on November 10, 1938, Friedrich was arrested and sent to Dachau. Their...

  18. MS St. Louis captain's hat

    Captain's hat worn by Captain Gustav Schröder of the MS St. Louis, captain of the ship on its ill-fated voyage that left Hamburg, Germany, on May 13, 1939, for Cuba, from where it was forced to return a few weeks later to Europe. The cap was given to Herbert Karliner, a twelve year old passenger on that voyage, by Rolf Ernst Schroeder, Captain Schröder's nephew, at a reunion of MS St. Louis survivors in 1989.

  19. MS St. Louis floor plan

    1. Liesl Joseph Loeb collection

    Original floor-plan for the ship, MS St. Louis acquired by Liesl Joseph and her family, who were passengers on the ill fated voyage of the ocean liner in the spring of 1939. Liesl, 11, and her parents, Josef and Lilly, left Germany soon after the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938. They departed on the Hamburg-Amerika luxury liner, MS St. Louis, sailing for Havana on May 13, 1939. The plan was to wait there for permission to enter the US. But Cuban authorities denied entry to all but 28 of the 937 passengers. Josef chaired the passenger committee that tried to find a safe harbor. Liesl r...

  20. Muehlstein family: Papers

    This collection contains the family papers of the Muehlstein family, Jewish refugees from Vienna.Family papers including correspondence and supporting documents relating to restitution and pension claims and war-time Red Cross correspondence between parents and children. Also included is a photograph of Erika and Herbert Muehlstein before their emigration in 1937.In an audio interview the donor describes: being born in Vienna 2 years after her brother in 1932; how her father was beaten up and persecuted by the Nazis; how her brother, who was also badly affected followed his sister after a f...