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Displaying items 281 to 300 of 1,285
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  1. Drawing of woman reading a book on a mattress (Version II) by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn82
    • English
    • overall: Height: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) | Width: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) pictorial area: Height: 8.375 inches (21.273 cm) | Width: 5.250 inches (13.335 cm)

    Ink drawing of a woman reading a book in Gurs internment camp, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment center for Jewish r...

  2. Drawing of woman reading outdoors by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn162
    • English
    • overall: Height: 10.250 inches (26.035 cm) | Width: 7.380 inches (18.745 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.120 inches (15.545 cm) | Width: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm)

    Ink drawing of an older woman reading a book outside drawn in Gurs internment camp by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment cente...

  3. Drawing of women gathered outside of buildings by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn105
    • English
    • 1940
    • overall: Height: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) | Width: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) pictorial area: Height: 4.125 inches (10.478 cm) | Width: 5.875 inches (14.923 cm)

    Sketch of an outdoor scene at Gurs internment camp, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment center for Jewish refugees. Li...

  4. Drawing of women sitting inside barracks by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn100
    • English
    • overall: Height: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) | Width: 18.000 inches (45.72 cm) pictorial area: Height: 8.250 inches (20.955 cm) | Width: 11.750 inches (29.845 cm)

    Ink drawing of two women sitting on stools in Gurs internment camp, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment center for Jew...

  5. Drawing of women washing (Version I) by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn86
    • English
    • overall: Height: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) | Width: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) pictorial area: Height: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Width: 8.375 inches (21.273 cm)

    Ink drawing of women washing outdoors in Gurs internment camp, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment center for Jewish r...

  6. Drawing of women washing (Version II) by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn87
    • English
    • overall: Height: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) | Width: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) pictorial area: Height: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Width: 8.375 inches (21.273 cm)

    Ink drawing of woman washing themselves under an outdoor awning in Gurs internment camp, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an inte...

  7. Drawing of women washing clothes in a basin by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn89
    • English
    • overall: Height: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) | Width: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm) | Width: 8.875 inches (22.543 cm)

    Ink drawing of women washing clothes drawn in Gurs internment camp, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment center for Jew...

  8. Drawn threadwork pillowcase with the embroidered initials KR used by a German Jewish Kindertransport refugee

    1. Bertl Rosenfeld Esenstad collection

    Whitework pillowcase used by 14 year old Bertl Rosenfelt when she and two younger sisters, Edith, 13, and Ruth, 9, left Nazi Germany in March 1939 on a Kindertransport to Great Britain. It was made by her maternal aunt Friederika Lemberger and embroidered with Bertl's mother's initials, KR, Katherine Rosenfelt. After Hitler assumed power in Germany in 1933, Jews were subjected to increasingly punitive restrictions. Bertl's extended family tried to get visas for the US, but were unsuccessful because of the strict US quotas. Bertl, Edith, and Ruth were sent to Aachen to live with Friederika i...

  9. Dutch Commemorative War Cross awarded to a Dutch Jewish soldier, Prinses Irene Brigade

    1. Jack and Hedi Justus Grootkerk family collection

    Oorlogsherinneringskruis [Commemorative War Cross] medal awarded to Jack Grootkerk, a Dutch Jewish soldier in the Prinses Irene Brigade, Dutch Free Forces, from September 1942 to September 1945. The honorary medal was presented to all Brigade members who landed at Normandy in 1944. The Brigade was formed in England in 1941 by the Dutch government in exile and Dutch Army personnel. The unit wore British battledress uniforms with Dutch insignia. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. In December 1941, Jack was told to report for forced labor in Germany. He and his brother Erich fle...

  10. Edward Anders papers

    The Edward Anders paper consists of a Latvian identification card issued to Edward Anders (then known as Edwards Alperovics) in 1941; his mother, Erika Alperovics’ Latvian passport, issued in 1942; documents and related correspondence, including his draft notice for the Waffen-SS, in German and Latvian, circa 1943; a pamphlet, in German and English, entitled "Baltic War Criminals, Witnesses Urgently Required Again the Persons Mentioned Overleaf!," published by a Group of Baltic Survivors in Great Britain and addressed to surviving Jews and non-Jews in Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia; documen...

  11. Electric retinoscope used by a Jewish German US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection

    Retinoscope used by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States from Nazi Germany in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. Retinoscopes light the internal eye, allowing a doctor to measure how the retina reflects light. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno immigrated to the US in August. Margaret was a Jewish athlet...

  12. Electrotherapy machine used by a Jewish German US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn135414
    • English
    • 1932-1945
    • a: Height: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm) | Width: 16.750 inches (42.545 cm) | Depth: 13.750 inches (34.925 cm) b: Height: 50.125 inches (127.318 cm) | Diameter: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) c: Height: 49.875 inches (126.683 cm) | Diameter: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm)

    Electrotherapy machine brought from Nazi Germany by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. Electrotherapy involves using low-level electric currents to treat issues relating to the nervous or musculoskeletal systems. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno immigrated to the...

  13. Elizabeth Eisner: personal papers

    This collection consists of the personal papers of Elisabeth Eisner, a Jewish refugee from Vienna who fled Austria shortly after the annexation in 1938. As soon as her mother had obtained her domestic permit she joined her in 1939.Personal papers including birth and naturalisation certificates, Heimatschein, qualification, list of belongings brought to England upon emigration, photographs, papers relating to compensation claims and pension payments, as well as a translation of an interview with Elisabeth Eisner in which she tells her life story.

  15. Emanuel Scherer papers

    1. Emanuel Scherer collection

    The Emanuel Scherer papers include documents, correspondence, and photographic material documenting Emanuel Scherer’s work as a member of the International Jewish Bund during the Holocaust. The papers include two false Swedish passports used by Scherer and his wife; notes on the participation of the Jewish Bund in the 1943 Warsaw ghetto uprising by Tomasz Arciszewski (Socialist, Roman Catholic, Prime Minister of Poland from 1944-1947); a list of Polish fighters in the Warsaw ghetto uprising, including Bund members; and a 1963 speech by Scherer about the Bund’s positions on disarmament, peac...

  16. Embroidered Fürth patch saved by a British soldier and Kindertransport refugee

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    Embroidered, blue green patch belonging to Norbert Müller (later Norman Miller) a 15 year old German Jewish refugee who came to London, England in September 1939. The patch is likely related to the large Jewish High School he attended in Fürth, Germany. He lived in Nuremberg, but was required to take a streetcar to school in Fürth once Jewish children were banned from German public schools. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Norbert shared with his parents, Sebald and Laura, younger sister, Suse, and grandmother, Clara Jüngster, was ransacked by l...

  17. Embroidered priest's stole owned by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Richard Pfifferling and Ruth Pfifferling Knox family collection

    Catholic priest's vestment with French style spade ends owned by Richard Pfifferling. Richard was Jewish and how and when he acquired the stole is not known. In 1933, the Nazi regime came to power and enacted laws that persecuted Jews. Richard and his brothers, Otto and Ernst, fled Dresden, Germany; his brothers to England and Argentina and Richard, in September 1939, to the United States. Their parents, Alexander and Auguste, were unable to leave. Richard later served in the US Army during the war. Richard’s parents were deported to Riga, Latvia, in December 1941, and killed in Auschwitz i...

  18. Embroidered yellow collar carried by a Kindertransport refugeec

    1. Lilli Schischa Tauber family collection

    Embroidered, detachable pale yellow collar made by her mother for 11 year old Lilli (Karoline) Schischa to take on the Kindertransport from Austria to Great Britain on July 13, 1939. In March 1938, Nazi Germany marched into Austria and made it part of the Third Reich. Jewish persecution. The clothing store owned by Lilli's parents, Wilhelm and Johanna, in Wiener Neustadt was seized. Lilli's brother, Edi, age 24, left for Palestine in October 1938. Her father was arrested during the Kristallnacht pogrom that November, but released after ten days. Her parents were able to get Lilli out of the...

  19. Embroidered, red UNRRA worn by a former concentration camp inmate and DP relief worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration) bar patch worn by aid worker Hans Finke when he worked for the United Nations as a store manager in postwar Germany. He was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, was a forced laborer for Sie...

  20. Enameled stickpin for the Studiosorum World Congress owned by a former Czech Jewish soldier

    1. Frank Meissner collection

    Red and blue enameled stickpin acquired by Frank Meissner during the 1946 Studiosorum Congress in Prague. It features the logo design of a globe, open book, and flaming torch that symbolize youth's persisent quest for knowledge. This was the founding congress of the International Student Union created to promote democracy and education among students of all nations. At the age of 16, Frank left Trest, Czechoslovakia, in 1939 to avoid the increasingly harsh Nazi persecutions of Jews. He went to Denmark with Youth Aliyah to attend agricultural school. In fall 1943, when the Germans decided to...