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Displaying items 161 to 180 of 7,750
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Item type: Archival Descriptions

  1. Drawing of houses with trees by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Ink drawing of houses with trees created by Nelly Rossmann. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Following the Reichstag Fire in late February, Germany became a police state and anti-Jewish legislation was enacted. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish and in 1935, she was fired from her job due to a government decree that Jews could not work in the publishing industry. After the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938, her parents left for England, but Nell...

  2. Drawing of interior living area by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Ink illustration of an interior room for a book created by Nelly Rossmann. It is one in a series of unpublished book illustrations. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Following the Reichstag Fire in late February, Germany became a police state and anti-Jewish legislation was enacted. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish and in 1935, she was fired from her job due to a government decree that Jews could not work in the publishing industry. After the Krist...

  3. Study sketch of two cows by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection

    Pencil study sketch of two cows in a pasture created by Nelly Rossmann. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in publishing. Nelly taught children crafts to support her 5 year old son, Michael. After the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938, her parents left for England, but Nelly still had st...

  4. Ink drawing of root vegetables by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn517929
    • English
    • 1920-1935
    • overall: Height: 7.750 inches (19.685 cm) | Width: 12.250 inches (31.115 cm) pictorial area: Height: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Width: 7.750 inches (19.685 cm)

    Still life of root vegetables created by Nelly Rossmann. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in publishing. Nelly taught children crafts to support her 5 year old son, Michael. After the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938, her parents left for England, but Nelly still had strong pro-German...

  5. Drawing of two buildings by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn517931
    • English
    • 1933
    • overall: Height: 7.750 inches (19.685 cm) | Width: 10.750 inches (27.305 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.625 inches (16.828 cm) | Width: 8.625 inches (21.908 cm)

    Drawing of two buildings and a fence created by Nelly Rossmann. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in publishing. Nelly taught children crafts to support her 5 year old son, Michael. After the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938, her parents left for England, but Nelly still had strong pro...

  6. Study sketch of a street by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Nelly Rossmann family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn517977
    • English
    • 1920-1939
    • overall: Height: 13.750 inches (34.925 cm) | Width: 9.875 inches (25.083 cm) pictorial area: Height: 8.250 inches (20.955 cm) | Width: 6.500 inches (16.51 cm)

    Pencil sketch of a street lined with houses created by Nelly Rossmann. Nelly was a graphic designer for the Frankfurter Zeitung, a progressive newspaper in Frankfurt, Germany, when Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Antisemitic legislation soon took away the rights of Jews. Nelly was a Quaker, but she had been born Jewish, and in 1935, she was fired due to a decree that Jews could not work in publishing. Nelly taught children crafts to support her 5 year old son, Michael. After the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938, her parents left for England, but Nelly still had str...

  7. Salad plate with a floral design carried by Kindertransport refugee

    1. Ina Felczer collection

    Decorated children’s plate manufactured by Porzellanfabrik Bareuther & Co. and carried by 10-year-old Ina Felczer on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] to Leeds, England, in late June 1939. Before the war, Ina lived with her parents, Victor and Hannah, in Berlin, Germany. Both were Polish Jews who had lived in Berlin since the 1920s. Victor was a chemist, and Hannah co-owned a dressmaking shop. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany, and authorities throughout Germany quickly began suppressing the rights of Jews and boycotting their businesses. In th...

  8. Blonde haired, male, felt doll carried by a Kindertransport refugee

    1. Ina Felczer collection

    Felt doll carried by 10-year-old Ina Felczer on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] to Leeds, England, in late June 1939. Before the war, Ina lived with her parents, Victor and Hannah, in Berlin, Germany. Both were Polish Jews who had lived in Berlin since the 1920s. Victor was a chemist, and Hannah co-owned a dressmaking shop. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany, and authorities throughout Germany quickly began suppressing the rights of Jews and boycotting their businesses. In the late 1930’s, Victor lost his job, and Hannah’s shop was destroyed by th...

  9. White handkerchief pouch with gnomes carried by a Kindertransport refugee

    1. Ina Felczer collection

    Handkerchief holder carried by 10-year-old Ina Felczer on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] to Leeds, England, in late June 1939. Before the war, Ina lived with her parents, Victor and Hannah, in Berlin, Germany. Both were Polish Jews who had lived in Berlin since the 1920s. Victor was a chemist, and Hannah co-owned a dressmaking shop. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany, and authorities throughout Germany quickly began suppressing the rights of Jews and boycotting their businesses. In the late 1930’s, Victor lost his job, and Hannah’s shop was destr...

  10. Tortoiseshell pencil box and lid carried by a Kindertransport refugee

    1. Ina Felczer collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn34275
    • English
    • 1939-1945
    • a: Height: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm) | Width: 8.500 inches (21.59 cm) | Depth: 3.625 inches (9.208 cm) b: Height: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Width: 8.750 inches (22.225 cm) | Depth: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm)

    Plastic pencil box carried by 10-year-old Ina Felczer on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] to Leeds, England, in late June 1939. Before the war, Ina lived with her parents, Victor and Hannah, in Berlin, Germany. Both were Polish Jews who had lived in Berlin since the 1920s. Victor was a chemist, and Hannah co-owned a dressmaking shop. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany, and authorities throughout Germany quickly began suppressing the rights of Jews and boycotting their businesses. In the late 1930’s, Victor lost his job, and Hannah’s shop was destro...

  11. White handkerchief with openwork flowers carried by a Kindertransport refugee

    1. Ina Felczer collection

    Handkerchief carried by 10-year-old Ina Felczer on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] to Leeds, England, in late June 1939. Before the war, Ina lived with her parents, Victor and Hannah, in Berlin, Germany. Both were Polish Jews who had lived in Berlin since the 1920s. Victor was a chemist, and Hannah co-owned a dressmaking shop. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany, and authorities throughout Germany quickly began suppressing the rights of Jews and boycotting their businesses. In the late 1930’s, Victor lost his job, and Hannah’s shop was destroyed by...

  12. Floral pillow cover carried by a Kindertransport refugee

    1. Ina Felczer collection

    Pillow cover carried by 10-year-old Ina Felczer on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] to Leeds, England, in late June 1939. Before the war, Ina lived with her parents, Victor and Hannah, in Berlin, Germany. Both were Polish Jews who had lived in Berlin since the 1920s. Victor was a chemist, and Hannah co-owned a dressmaking shop. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany, and authorities throughout Germany quickly began suppressing the rights of Jews and boycotting their businesses. In the late 1930’s, Victor lost his job, and Hannah’s shop was destroyed by...

  13. Green school box carried by a Kindertransport refugee

    1. Ina Felczer collection

    School box carried by 10-year-old Ina Felczer on a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] to Leeds, England, in late June 1939. Before the war, Ina lived with her parents, Victor and Hannah, in Berlin, Germany. Both were Polish Jews who had lived in Berlin since the 1920s. Victor was a chemist, and Hannah co-owned a dressmaking shop. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany, and authorities throughout Germany quickly began suppressing the rights of Jews and boycotting their businesses. In the late 1930’s, Victor lost his job, and Hannah’s shop was destroyed by t...

  14. "Report on the Jewish Refugee Community in Shanghai"

    Consists of one report, 23 pages, entitled, "Report on the Jewish Refugee Community in Shanghai", written by William Schurtman for a Sociology class in 1954. Mr. Schurtman, a refugee who lived in Shanghai from 1938-1947, describes the political, social, and history of the Shanghai Jewish community as well as some of his own experiences.

  15. Black plastic dust comb owned by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Hanni Sondheimer Vogelweid family collection

    Lice comb kept by 17 year old Hanni Sondheimer when she and her family fled in February 1941. The comb was made at the plastics factory owned by her father in Kaunas. Hanni, her parents, Moritz and Setty, and her 14 year old brother, Karl, fled Kaunas, Lithuania, due to the Soviet occupation in 1940. They planned to emigrate to the United States, but visa restrictions made them take a difficult route through Russia to Japan. Classified as stateless refugees when they reached Japan in March 1941, they were deported to Shanghai where they survived the war in the Hongkew ghetto. Hanni married ...

  16. American Friends Service Committee Refugee Assistance Case Files

    Consists of more than 20,000 case files created and maintained by staff and volunteers with the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), a Quaker relief and rescue organization. The files are concerned primarily with the sponsorship of individuals for immigration to the United States and the process of their adjustment to America, including job-hunting and the placement of young adults in colleges and training programs. The collection contains a wealth of detail on individual refugees, the bulk of whom were fleeing Nazism, including their experiences before or during the war and the effor...

  17. March of Time -- outtakes -- Jews, refugee relief, England

    A refugee couple being interviewed in German at Woburn House (staged). In BG can see others being assisted. They present passport documents. MCU of couple as husband speaks, CU of him as he speaks. Woman shyly stares down at table. Both speak German? CU profile of agent providing assistance. Two women processing documents concerning boarding and lodging of refugees.

  18. Weimar Germany, 100 mark note, saved by German Jewish refugee

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    Weimar Germany 100 mark banknote saved by Carl Werner Lenneberg. This currency was issued by the new democratic government that ruled Germany after World War I (1914-1918), just as they entered a period of hyperinflation that threatened the stability of the county. During the war, Lenneberg was a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, ...

  19. Remscheid 500 million mark note, saved by German Jewish refugee

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    Remscheid District, Germany 500 million mark note saved by Carl Werner Lenneberg. This note was emergency currency, valid for one year, 1923-1924, issued by the local government in Remscheid during the period of hyperinflation that threatened the stability of the country. Inflation was unstoppable: in 1919, there were 47 marks to a dollar; in 1922, it went from 1000 to 7000; in 1923, from 17,000 to 4,200,000,000,000. Lenneberg was a decorated World War I veteran originally from Remscheid. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh res...

  20. Light brown leather billfold used by a Polish Jewish refugee

    1. Harold Minuskin family collection

    Light brown leather wallet owned by Lew Minuskin. Lew lived in Zhetel (Zdieciol) Poland (Dziatlava, Belarus), which was occupied by the Soviet Union in September 1939. In June 1941, Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union and occupied Zhetel. Frmo 1941-1942, Lalb was assigned to a forced labor battalion that assisted the Soviet Army. From 1942-1945, he had sent to From 1942-1945, he was sent to live in Kokand Fergana in eastern Uzbekistan, a border region of the Soviet Union, where he worked as a mechanic. When the war ended on May 9, 1945, Lajb traveled to Munich, Germany, where he lived in ...