Search

Advanced query tips

There are several ways to be more specific in your search query:

"Phrase"
Search an exact match of your query, e.g. "Member lists"
+Phrase
Given word has to be in the result, e.g. +Gestapo
-Phrase
Exclude given word from search, e.g. -Gestapo

Use the following syntax to restrict the search to specific fields:

field:"phrase"
For instance, you can find all descriptions that have the phrase "Auschwitz Birkenau" in their titles by searching for title:"Auschwitz Birkenau".

The following fields are currently available:

  • identifier
  • title
  • creator
  • person
  • place
  • subject
  • address
Displaying items 1,241 to 1,260 of 1,287
Search result ordering

  1. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note, belonging to a German Jewish inmate

    1. Irene and Henry Frank family collection

    Scrip, valued at 20 kronen, distributed to Heinz Frankenstein (later Henry Frank) in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia between January 1943 and May 1945. At Theresienstadt, currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. Heinz, his mother, and two of his sisters were deported from Berlin to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in June 1...

  2. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note, belonging to a German Jewish inmate

    1. Irene and Henry Frank family collection

    Scrip, valued at 100 kronen, distributed to Heinz Frankenstein (later Henry Frank) in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia between January 1943 and May 1945. At Theresienstadt, currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. Heinz, his mother, and two of his sisters were deported from Berlin to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in June ...

  3. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, belonging to a German Jewish inmate

    1. Irene and Henry Frank family collection

    Scrip, valued at 50 kronen, distributed to Heinz Frankenstein (later Henry Frank) in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia between January 1943 and May 1945. At Theresienstadt, currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. Heinz, his mother, and two of his sisters were deported from Berlin to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in June 1...

  4. Czechoslovakian commemorative Theresienstadt Memorial postage stamp, 50h, acquired by a former German Jewish inmate

    1. Irene and Henry Frank family collection

    Postage stamp commemorating the 40th anniversary of the Terezin (Theresienstadt) Ghetto Memorial, acquired by Irene Silberstein Frank and Henry Frank, former inmates of Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia. Originally called the National Suffering Memorial, it was established in 1947 by the newly reinstated Czechoslovakian government and was renovated in 1975. The stamp depicts the large, granite, 7-branched menorah in the Jewish cemetery outside the crematorium building, along with flames, the red flowers planted in the 1945 National Cemetery, and barbed wire ...

  5. Czechoslovakian commemorative Theresienstadt Memorial postage stamp, 50h, acquired by a former German Jewish inmate

    1. Irene and Henry Frank family collection

    Postage stamp commemorating the 40th anniversary of the Terezin (Theresienstadt) Ghetto Memorial, acquired by Irene Silberstein Frank and Henry Frank, former inmates of Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia. Originally called the National Suffering Memorial, it was established in 1947 by the newly reinstated Czechoslovakian government and was renovated in 1975. The stamp depicts the large, granite, 7-branched menorah in the Jewish cemetery outside the crematorium building,along with flames, the red flowers planted in the 1945 National Cemetery, and barbed wire u...

  6. Pouch with a false base used by a German Jewish émigré to smuggle money out of the country

    1. Erna Meier Schlesinger Summerfield collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn4376
    • English
    • a: Height: 7.750 inches (19.685 cm) | Diameter: 7.000 inches (17.78 cm) b: Height: 6.750 inches (17.145 cm) | Width: 7.500 inches (19.05 cm)

    Leather pouch with a false bottom used to smuggle money out of Germany by Erna Schlesinger (later Summerfield) and her daughter, Irene, when they immigrated to the United States in July 1939. The pouch was originally used to store detachable men’s shirt collars at the turn of the Twentieth Century. Jews emigrating from Germany were not allowed to remove valuables or money from the country, so Erna glued approximately 1,000 Reichs marks (about $250 US dollars) to the underside of the false, cardboard bottom. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was elected Chancellor of Germany. Erna’s sister, ...

  7. Watercolor painting of a courtyard given to an UNRRA official

    1. Rachel Greene Rottersman collection

    Watercolor painting of a courtyard in the city of Markgröningen, Germany, painted by artist Richard Kiwit (or Kivit) and gifted to Rachel Greene Rottersman, director of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) Aglasterhausen Children’s Center, in Unterschwarzach, Germany. Markgröningen is a city located 20 kilometers northwest of Stuttgart, and about 60 kilometers south from Aglasterhausen. Richard Kiwit was a well-known Estonian illustrator who moved to Germany in 1944. His daughter, Dagmar Elisabeth Kiwit (later Moder), was a pediatrician, and following the wa...

  8. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, acquired by Czech refugee

    1. Raul Hilberg collection

    50 (funfzig) mark Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp note given to Raul Hilberg by Frank Petschek, who, with his wife, as well as the extended Petschek family, had to flee Czechoslovakia after its annexation by Nazi Germany in fall 1938. After the war, the confiscation of the Petschek family's vast business and land holdings by the Nazi regime were used for a major case in the War Criminals trials at Nuremberg. Hilberg and his parents fled Vienna, Austria, after its annexation by Germany in March 1938. It was Petschek's generosity that made possible the publication of Hilberg's landmark work,...

  9. Blue AJDC pin worn by a former concentration camp inmate and refugee aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (AJDC) blue enamel pin worn by aid worker Hans Finke when he worked for relief organization after the end of World War II. He was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, was a forced laborer for Siemens when he ...

  10. AJDC bar patch worn by a former concentration camp inmate and refugee aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (AJDC) badge worn by aid worker Hans Finke when he worked for the relief organization after the end of World War II. He was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, was a forced laborer for Siemens when he was ho...

  11. Name tag worn postwar by a former concentration camp inmate

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    Name tag worn postwar by Hans Finke, a concentration camp inmate who became an aid worker after the war. He was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, was a forced laborer for Siemens when he was hospitalized with appendicitis. On February 29, his parents...

  12. Embroidered, red UNRRA worn by a former concentration camp inmate and DP relief worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration) bar patch worn by aid worker Hans Finke when he worked for the United Nations as a store manager in postwar Germany. He was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, was a forced laborer for Sie...

  13. Blue AJDC patch worn by a former concentration camp inmate and refugee aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (AJDC) patch worn by aid worker Hans Finke when he worked for relief organization after the end of World War II. He was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, was a forced laborer for Siemens when he was hospit...

  14. Globe-shaped UNRRA pin worn by a former concentration camp inmate and refugee aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration) globe shaped pin worn by aid worker Hans Finke when he worked for the United Nations as a store manager in postwar Germany. He was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, was a forced laborer ...

  15. Silver UNRRA pin worn by a former concentration camp inmate and refugee aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration) logo shaped pin worn by aid worker Hans Finke when he worked for the United Nations as a store manager in postwar Germany. He was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, was a forced laborer f...

  16. Star of David patch worn by a German Jewish concentration camp inmate

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    Judenstern badge worn by Hans Finke, a concentration camp survivor who became an aid worker after the war. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. Jews were forced out of their jobs and their businesses were confiscated. In February 1943, Hans, 23, an electrician by trade, was a forced laborer for Siemens when he was hospitalized with appendicitis. On February 29, his parents were rounded up and deported to Auschwitz. On March 8, the Gestapo raided the hospital and arrested staff and p...

  17. Star of David patch worn by a German Jewish concentration camp inmate

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    Judenstern badge worn by Hans Finke, a concentration camp survivor who became an aid worker after the war. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. Jews were forced out of their jobs and their businesses were confiscated. In February 1943, Hans, 23, an electrician by trade, was a forced laborer for Siemens when he was hospitalized with appendicitis. On February 29, his parents were rounded up and deported to Auschwitz. On March 8, the Gestapo raided the hospital and arrested staff and p...

  18. Clip-on name tag worn postwar by a former concentration camp inmate

    1. Alice and John Fink collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn523775
    • English
    • a: Height: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm) | Width: 3.750 inches (9.525 cm) b: Height: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Width: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Depth: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm)

    Name tag in clip on holder worn after the war by Hans Finke, a concentration camp survivor who became an aid worker after the war. He was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp.Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In February 1943, Hans, 23, was a forced laborer for Siemens when he was hospitalized with appendicitis. On...

  19. Red UNRRA patch worn by a former concentration camp inmate and DP aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration) arch patch worn by aid worker Hans Finke when he worked for UNRRA in 1946-47 as a store manager in a refugee center in postwar Germany. Hans was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. Jews were required to wear the yell...

  20. Commemorative pin worn postwar by a former concentration camp inmate and refugee aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection

    Commemorative stickpin worn postwar by Hans Finke, a concentration camp inmate who became an aid worker after the war. It has an inverted red triangle on a blue and gray striped field representing concentration camp uniforms. Hans was at Bergen-Belsen when it was liberated by the British Army on April 15, 1945. An electrician by trade, he began working for the British and then various aid groups after it became a displaced persons camp. Hans, his parents and his sister Ursula lived in Berlin during the rise of the Nazi dictatorship in 1933 with its aggressive anti-Jewish policies. In Februa...