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Displaying items 10,301 to 10,320 of 10,476
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  1. Blank sheet of paper for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Blank sheet of paper kept for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 ye...

  2. Blank sheet of paper for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Blank sheet of paper kept for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 ye...

  3. Blank sheet of paper for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Blank sheet of paper kept for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 ye...

  4. Blank sheet of paper for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Blank sheet of paper kept for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 ye...

  5. Blank sheet of paper for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Blank sheet of paper kept for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 ye...

  6. Blank sheet of paper for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Blank sheet of paper kept for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 ye...

  7. Blank sheet of paper for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Blank sheet of paper kept for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 ye...

  8. Concentration camp uniform cap worn by a Polish Jewish inmate

    1. Marek Watnicki collection

    Striped concentration uniform cap worn by Mieczyslaw Watnicki in Auschwitz concentration camp from late 1940 until his liberation in Germany in May 1945. The pants have a red badge with the letter P, indicating that Mieczyslaw was a Polish political prisoner. After Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, Mieczyslaw lived in Warsaw under a false identity as a non-Jew. He was arrested in late 1940 for falsifying identity papers, but the Gestapo did not discover that he was Jewish. He was sent to Auschwitz as a Polish political prisoner and assigned prisoner number 137605. In late 1944 or ea...

  9. Łódź (Litzmannstadt) ghetto scrip, 10 mark coin

    1. Marek Watnicki collection

    10 mark Litzmannstadt coin owned by Mieczyslaw Watnicki, although when or how he acquired it is unknown. This type of coin was issued in Łódź Ghetto in German occupied Poland in 1943. Currency was not allowed in the ghetto, and scrip was issued for use only there. After Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, Mieczyslaw lived in Warsaw under a false identity as a non-Jew. He was arrested in late 1940 for falsifying identity papers, but the Gestapo did not discover that he was Jewish. He was sent to Auschwitz as a Polish political prisoner and assigned prisoner number 137605. In late 1944 ...

  10. Kovary and Neuhaus families papers

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    The Kovary and Neuhaus families papers consist of biographical materials, correspondence, and photographs related to the experiences of the Kovary and Neuhaus families’ pre-World War II experiences in Czechoslovakia and Germany, respectively; their emigration due to antisemitic persecution; their immigration to the United States and Great Britain; and subsequent experiences during World War II and in the immediate post-war years. The collection also includes restitution files documenting Ernest Kovary’s work assisting Holocaust survivors in filing restitution claims. Neuhaus family material...

  11. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note, acquired by a female forced laborer

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Scrip valued at 5 kronen, acquired by Ruth Kittel while she and her sister, Hannelore, were living with their Jewish mother, Marie (Maria), and Catholic father, Josef, in Berlin, Germany, during the Holocaust. All currency was confiscated from deportees upon entry to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked-up government mandated Judenstern or Star of David badges from the Office of the Jewish Organization because she, Hannelore, 17, and Maria had to wear one at all ti...

  12. Les Gueules Cassées French National Lottery ticket

    1. Eva and Zvi Schloss collection

    Les Gueules Cassées [Broken Jaws] French National Lottery ticket with a Hebrew foreign currency stamp acquired by Eva and Zvi Schloss, postwar for their collection. The lottery was offered by the French National Lottery office to provide money for the Union of the Wounded Face and Head Association or Broken Jaws, and other disfigured soldier's organizations. In March 1919, after World War I (1914-1918), France passed a law recognizing the right of injured veterans to compensation. Facial injuries were not considered disabling for work, however, and the maimed and disfigured were not eligibl...

  13. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 [funfzig] kronen note

    1. Eva and Zvi Schloss collection

    Scrip, valued at 50 kronen, issued in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp acquired by Eva and Zvi Schloss, postwar for their collection. All currency was confiscated from deportees upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. The Theresienstadt camp existed for 3.5 years, from November 24, 1941 to May 9, 1945. It was located in a region of Czechoslovakia occupied by Germany, renamed the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and made part of the Greater German Reich. Zvi Schloss, age 10, fled Nazi Germany, with his parents, Meier and I...

  14. Zvi and Eva Schloss papers

    1. Eva and Zvi Schloss collection

    Consists of postcards and an envelope from the collection of Zvi and Eva Schloss. Includes two postcards, dated 1934-1935, and one envelope, all sent by Meier Schloss [Zvi Schloss's father] while he was imprisoned in the Dachau concentration camp to his family in Ingolstadt, Germany. Also includes one 1939 French national lottery ticket, one 50 kronen piece of Terezin ghetto scrip, and one 1914 postcard from World War I featuring a map depicting anthropomorphic representations of the belligerent nations.

  15. Carl and Mina Weiler papers

    1. Carl Weiler and Mina Kaufmann Weiler families collection

    The Carl and Mina Weiler papers consist of biographical materials, correspondence, emigration and immigration files, photographic materials, printed materials, and a recipe book documenting Carl Weiler’s and Mina Kaufmann’s German educations, American immigrations, and unsuccessful efforts to bring their family members to the United States. The collection also includes a World War I photo album and scrapbook documenting the military service of Mina’s uncle, Julius Oppenheimer, in Moselle. Biographical materials include birth, marriage, naturalization, and death certificates; passports and d...

  16. Knit cardigan with decorative buttons and lining owned by a Hungarian Jewish woman

    1. Brust family collection

    Knit cardigan with novelty buttons used by Livia Brust (later Lilly Brust Gach) during World War II (1939-1945) in Hungary. Livia was living in Budapest, Hungary, with her husband, Elek, and their daughter, Eva, when Hungary joined the German-led Axis Alliance in November 1940. Elek was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Budapest and a prosperous manufacturer. Beginning in late 1940, Jewish males were required to do forced labor service and Elek was sent to a labor camp. Livia managed the business while he was gone, and eventually obtained his release with black market papers. In...

  17. Pink chemise with corded, floral lace appliques owned by a Hungarian Jewish woman

    1. Brust family collection

    Chemise with corded lace appliques used by Livia Brust (later Lilly Brust Gach) during World War II (1939-1945) in Hungary. Livia was living in Budapest, Hungary, with her husband, Elek, and their daughter, Eva, when Hungary joined the German-led Axis Alliance in November 1940. Elek was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Budapest and a prosperous manufacturer. Beginning in late 1940, Jewish males were required to do forced labor service and Elek was sent to a labor camp. Livia managed the business while he was gone, and eventually obtained his release with black market papers. In...

  18. Peach nightgown decorated with embroidery owned by a Hungarian Jewish woman

    1. Brust family collection

    Nightgown with decorative embroidery used by Livia Brust (later Lilly Brust Gach) during World War II (1939-1945) in Hungary. Livia was living in Budapest, Hungary, with her husband, Elek, and their daughter, Eva, when Hungary joined the German-led Axis Alliance in November 1940. Elek was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Budapest and a prosperous manufacturer. Beginning in late 1940, Jewish males were required to do forced labor service and Elek was sent to a labor camp. Livia managed the business while he was gone, and eventually obtained his release with black market papers. ...

  19. Portrait of a male Hungarian Jewish Émigré

    1. Brust family collection

    Portrait of Adolf Schwarcz painted in 1943. Adolf was living in New York City, in the United States, with his wife, Szeren, when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, and started World War II (1939-1945). Adolf and Szeren were originally from Budapest, Hungary, where they had raised two children, Livia and Laszlo, and Adolf had run a wholesale watch business. In 1934, the couple’s first grandchild, Eva, was born to Livia and her husband, Elek Brust. Starting in 1938, Hungary began passing anti-Jewish laws modeled after Germany’s 1935 Nuremberg laws. In April 1939, Adolf and Szeren vi...

  20. Portrait of a female Hungarian Jewish Émigré

    1. Brust family collection

    Portrait of Szeren Schwarcz painted in 1943. Szeren was living in New York City, in the United States, with her husband, Adolf, when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, and started World War II (1939-1945). Szeren and Adolf were originally from Budapest, Hungary, where they had raised two children, Livia and Laszlo, and Adolf had run a wholesale watch business. In 1934, the couple’s first grandchild, Eva, was born to Livia and her husband, Elek Brust. Starting in 1938, Hungary began passing anti-Jewish laws modeled after Germany’s 1935 Nuremberg laws. In April 1939, Szeren and Adol...