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Displaying items 9,961 to 9,980 of 10,275
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  1. Denk fix! [Think Quick] game turntable spinner, cards, and box brought with a young German Jewish refugee

    1. Anneliese Centawer Marx family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn90817
    • English
    • a: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Width: 7.750 inches (19.685 cm) | Depth: 5.375 inches (13.653 cm) b: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Width: 7.500 inches (19.05 cm) | Depth: 5.375 inches (13.653 cm) c: Height: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Diameter: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm) d: Height: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) | Diameter: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) e: Height: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm) | Width: 8.125 inches (20.638 cm) f-ba: Height: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm)

    Denk Fix! [Think Quick!] card and question/answer game with spinner brought with 8 year old Anneliese Centawer when she and her parents James and Recha fled Nazi Germany in July 1938. After Hitler and the Nazi regime's seizure of power in 1933, the Jewish population was subjected to increasingly harsh persecution. In 1936, Anneliese's family was forced to move from their home in Nuremberg when their block was declared Judenfrei (Free of Jews.) Anneliese was beaten up on the street by a Hitler Youth who accused the freckled, red haired girl of trying to pass for German. In July 1938, with sp...

  2. Marchen Quartett deck of fairy tale cards with box brought with a German Jewish refugee

    1. Anneliese Centawer Marx family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn90822
    • English
    • a: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Width: 3.250 inches (8.255 cm) | Depth: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) b: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Width: 3.375 inches (8.573 cm) | Depth: 4.875 inches (12.383 cm) c-ap: Height: 4.125 inches (10.478 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm) aq: Height: 4.125 inches (10.478 cm) | Width: 5.375 inches (13.653 cm)

    Marchen Quartett, a boxed deck of 40 cards for a fairy tale matching game brought with 8 year old Anneliese Centawer when she and her parents James and Recha fled Nazi Germany in July 1938. After Hitler and the Nazi regime's seizure of power in 1933, the Jewish population was subjected to increasingly harsh persecution. In 1936, Anneliese's family was forced to move from their home in Nuremberg when their block was declared Judenfrei (Free of Jews.) Anneliese was beaten up on the street by a Hitler Youth who accused the freckled, red haired girl of trying to pass for German. In July 1938, w...

  3. Tallit with dark blue stripes on each end buried for safekeeping

    Tallit or prayer shawl buried for safekeeping by Johanna Baruch Boas while she lived in hiding in Brussels, Belgium, from 1942-1944. The tallit was worn by her husband, Bernhard, during religious services. Bernhard died in Berlin, Germany, in 1932. She brought it with her when she fled Nazi Germany for Brussels in March 1939 with her daughter’s family. Germany occupied Belgium in May 1940 and soon there were frequent deportations of Jews to concentration camps. Johanna had a non-Jewish landlady who hid her in her attic. In December 1944, a few months after the liberation of Belgium, Johanna...

  4. Leib Garfunkel - Ghetto Kovno

    Leib Garfunkel describes the Kovno ghetto, where he was vice-chairman of the Jewish council, and the Aktion of October 1941, during which 9,200 Jews were murdered at the Ninth Fort. This was the first interview that Lanzmann conducted for Shoah and Garfunkel died one week after it was filmed. FILM ID 3125 -- Camera Rolls #1-3 -- 01:00:18 to 01:21:29 No sound until 01:05:32. Irena Steinfeldt, Lanzmann's assistant, reads passages from Garfunkel's book. Garfunkel talks about the first meeting between the Kovno Gestapo and representatives of the Jewish population. He tells of the Germans enteri...

  5. White patch with prisoner number 82609 worn by German Jewish inmate

    1. Herman Neudorf collection

    White cloth badge with his prisoner number 82609 worn by Hermann Naidorf, who was a prisoner in Kaiserwald, Stuffhof, Buchenwald, and Bochum concentration camps from November 1943 until liberated on a death march on April 13, 1945. Hermann, 13, and his parents Frieda and Simon lived in Gelsenkirchen, Germany. In September 1939, when Germany invaded Poland, Simon, who was Polish, was sent to Sachsenhausen concentration camp. In March 1941, they received an urn with his father's ashes. In February 1942, Hermann and Frieda were deported to Riga ghetto in German occupied Latvia. In late 1943, t...

  6. George Birman papers

    1. George Birman collection

    The George Birman papers consist of an admission ticket to the International Military Tribunal, eight pocket size daily agenda planners, biographical materials, photographic materials, and printed materials documenting George Birman’s childhood in Lithuania, his confinement with his father, Abel Birman, in the Kovno (Kaunas) ghetto, his work at the Kedahnen (Kedainiai) labor camp, and his postwar education and work with displaced persons in Vienna. The admission ticket permitted entrance to the visitor’s gallery of the International Military Tribunal during session 116. Eight pocket size da...

  7. Westerbork transit camp voucher, 10 cent note

    1. Katz Ehrenthal collection

    Voucher, valued at 10 cents, distributed in Westerbork transit camp. While at the camp, inmates were compelled to work, and a special currency was issued to incentivize work output, but the money had no real monetary value outside the camp. Westerbork was established by the Dutch government in October 1939 for Jewish refugees who had crossed the border illegally following the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 1938. After Germany invaded the Netherlands on May 10, 1940, the German authorities began using Westerbork as a transit camp, holding internees until they were deported to forced labor ...

  8. Westerbork transit camp voucher, 25 cent note

    1. Katz Ehrenthal collection

    Voucher, valued at 25 cents, distributed in Westerbork transit camp. While at the camp, inmates were compelled to work, and a special currency was issued to incentivize work output, but the money had no real monetary value outside the camp. Westerbork was established by the Dutch government in October 1939 for Jewish refugees who had crossed the border illegally following the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 1938. After Germany invaded the Netherlands on May 10, 1940, the German authorities began using Westerbork as a transit camp, holding internees until they were deported to forced labor ...

  9. Westerbork transit camp voucher, 50 cent note

    1. Katz Ehrenthal collection

    Voucher, valued at 50 cents, distributed in Westerbork transit camp. While at the camp, inmates were compelled to work, and a special currency was issued to incentivize work output, but the money had no real monetary value outside the camp. Westerbork was established by the Dutch government in October 1939 for Jewish refugees who had crossed the border illegally following the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 1938. After Germany invaded the Netherlands on May 10, 1940, the German authorities began using Westerbork as a transit camp, holding internees until they were deported to forced labor ...

  10. Westerbork transit camp voucher, 100 cent note

    1. Katz Ehrenthal collection

    Voucher, valued at 100 cents, distributed in Westerbork transit camp. While at the camp, inmates were compelled to work, and a special currency was issued to incentivize work output, but the money had no real monetary value outside the camp. Westerbork was established by the Dutch government in October 1939 for Jewish refugees who had crossed the border illegally following the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 1938. After Germany invaded the Netherlands on May 10, 1940, the German authorities began using Westerbork as a transit camp, holding internees until they were deported to forced labor...

  11. Kippah buried for safekeeping while the owner lived in hiding

    Yarmulke, a skullcap worn by observant Jewish males, buried for safekeeping with other religious items by Johanna Baruch Boas while she lived in hiding in Brussels, Belgium, from 1942-1944. It originally belonged to her husband, Bernhard, who died in Berlin, Germany, in 1932. She brought it with her when she fled Nazi Germany for Brussels in March 1939 with her daughter’s family. Germany occupied Belgium in May 1940 and soon there were frequent deportations of Jews to concentration camps. Johanna had a non-Jewish landlady who hid her in her attic. In December 1944, a few months after the li...

  12. Combination fur scraper and stretching block brought with an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Isidor Muschel collection

    Wooden stretching block with embedded fur scraper brought with Isidor Muschel, his wife, Ida, and their daughter, Dorit, when they left Vienna, Austria, for the United States in 1938. Isidor, a master furrier, used this tool to stretch, shape, and prepare sections of animal fur for use in handcrafted garments. On March 13, 1938, Germany annexed Austria. New legislation was created that quickly restricted Jewish life. Not long after, Isidor was publically humiliated in the street and later, he was arrested and taken to the train station where he escaped before he was deported. Ida’s mother, ...

  13. Schulder and Sons furrier’s knife brought with an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Isidor Muschel collection

    Angled, Schulder and Sons fur knife brought with Isidor Muschel, his wife, Ida, and their daughter, Dorit, when they left Vienna, Austria, for the United States in 1938. Isidor, a master furrier, used this tool with replaceable blade to cut sections of tough animal fur and hide for use in handcrafted garments. On March 13, 1938, Germany annexed Austria. New legislation was created that quickly restricted Jewish life. Not long after, Isidor was publically humiliated in the street and later, he was arrested and taken to the train station where he escaped before he was deported. Ida’s mother, ...

  14. Peaked cutting template brought with an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Isidor Muschel collection

    Cardboard cutting template brought with Isidor Muschel, his wife, Ida, and their daughter, Dorit, when they left Vienna, Austria, for the United States in 1938. Isidor, a master furrier, used this peaked template to shape sections of animal fur for use in handcrafted garments. On March 13, 1938, Germany annexed Austria. New legislation was created that quickly restricted Jewish life. Not long after, Isidor was publically humiliated in the street and later, he was arrested and taken to the train station where he escaped before he was deported. Ida’s mother, Rosa Rubel, helped Isidor, Ida, an...

  15. Peaked cutting template brought with an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Isidor Muschel collection

    Cardboard cutting template brought with Isidor Muschel, his wife, Ida, and their daughter, Dorit, when they left Vienna, Austria, for the United States in 1938. Isidor, a master furrier, used this peaked template to shape sections of animal fur for use in handcrafted garments. On March 13, 1938, Germany annexed Austria. New legislation was created that quickly restricted Jewish life. Not long after, Isidor was publically humiliated in the street and later, he was arrested and taken to the train station where he escaped before he was deported. Ida’s mother, Rosa Rubel, helped Isidor, Ida, an...

  16. Rectangular cutting template brought with an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Isidor Muschel collection

    Cardboard cutting template brought with Isidor Muschel, his wife, Ida, and their daughter, Dorit, when they left Vienna, Austria, for the United States in 1938. Isidor, a master furrier, used this rectangular template to shape sections of animal fur for use in handcrafted garments. On March 13, 1938, Germany annexed Austria. New legislation was created that quickly restricted Jewish life. Not long after, Isidor was publically humiliated in the street and later, he was arrested and taken to the train station where he escaped before he was deported. Ida’s mother, Rosa Rubel, helped Isidor, Id...

  17. Norman A. Miller family papers

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    Correspondence, diary, and documents, belonging to Norman A. Miller (Norbert Müller), and documenting his family's life in Nürnberg, Germany; the effects of Nazi persecution during the 1930s, Miller's immigration to England via a Kindertransport, his service with the British Army during World War II, and his post-war life. The bulk of the collection consists of correspondence Miller received from his family in Nürnberg between 1939 and 1941, describing their experiences, conditions there, and attempt to emigrate. Also included is a pocket diary that Miller began in 1939, postwar corresponde...

  18. Embroidered Fürth patch saved by a British soldier and Kindertransport refugee

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    Embroidered, blue green patch belonging to Norbert Müller (later Norman Miller) a 15 year old German Jewish refugee who came to London, England in September 1939. The patch is likely related to the large Jewish High School he attended in Fürth, Germany. He lived in Nuremberg, but was required to take a streetcar to school in Fürth once Jewish children were banned from German public schools. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Norbert shared with his parents, Sebald and Laura, younger sister, Suse, and grandmother, Clara Jüngster, was ransacked by l...

  19. XXX Corps patch worn by a British soldier and Kindertransport refugee

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    British Army XXX Corps patch worn by Norman Miller (previously Norbert Müller), a German Jewish refugee, during his service in the British Army from 1944 to 1947. The XXX Corps was attached to the 21st Army Group and participated in D-Day landings at Normandy and the invasion of Europe, known as Operation Overlord. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Norbert shared with his parents, Sebald and Laura, younger sister, Suse, and grandmother, Clara Jüngster, was ransacked by local men with axes. In late August 1939, Norbert, managed to leave Germany fo...

  20. Royal Welch Fusiliers shoulder patch worn by a British soldier and Kindertransport refugee

    1. Norman A. Miller family collection

    Royal Welch Fusiliers shoulder patch worn by Norman Miller (previously Norbert Müller), a German Jewish refugee, during his service in the British Army from 1944 to 1947. On November 9, 1938, during Kristallnacht in Nuremberg, Germany, the apartment Norbert shared with his parents, Sebald and Laura, younger sister, Suse, and grandmother, Clara Jüngster, was ransacked by local men with axes. In late August 1939, Norbert, managed to leave Germany for London, with a Kindertransport [Children's Transport] two days prior to the start of World War II. Norbert was able to exchange letters with his...